掺杂Al的α-Ni(OH)2的电化学性能

电极;掺杂Al的α-Ni(OH)2的电化学性能     

掺三异丙氧基稀土的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的结构与性能

掺三异丙氧基稀土的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的结构与性能;掺杂     

Fe3+-H掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备、表征与催化性能

Fe3+-H掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备、表征与催化性能;二氧化钛;掺杂;光催化;铁离子;等离子体     

多金属氧酸盐掺杂聚苯胺电子聚合物——多金属氧酸盐与HCl共掺杂聚苯胺HCl-SiW11Co/Pan的合成及其性质

多金属氧酸盐掺杂聚苯胺电子聚合物——多金属氧酸盐与HCl共掺杂聚苯胺HCl-SiW11Co/Pan的合成及其性质;聚苯胺;多金属氧酸盐;掺杂;光电磁性质     

掺杂Ag纳米BaTiO3抑菌剂的制备及其性能

掺杂Ag纳米BaTiO3抑菌剂的制备及其性能;溶胶-凝胶;掺杂Ａｇ;ＢａＴｉＯ３;抑菌性能     

钙掺杂的氧化铈用于中温SOFCs阳极材料研究

作为一种混合的离子-电子导体材料,掺杂的氧化铈已逐渐被用来作为SOFCs阳极材料或其组成部分之一加以研究,但主要以稀土掺杂剂为主,为了进一步降低采用阳极支撑构型的SOFCs的成本,研究了钙掺杂的氧化铈(CCO)。结果表明,掺杂20%钙的材料(20CCO)的电导率最高,850℃时在氢气气氛下的电导率可以达到0.209S·cm-1,远大于在空气气氛中的电导率。800℃时在空气中的电导率为0.041S·cm-1,比同样温度下阳极中经常采用的钐掺杂的氧化铈(SDC)的电导率低了约0.04S·cm-1。但这并不影响单电池的输出性能,分别以Ni-20CCO作为阳极,Sm0.5Sr0.5Co-SDC作为阴极,SDC作为电解质(厚约35μm)的单电池在650℃,氢气气氛下的最大输出功率可以达到623mW·cm-2。     

聚苯胺在有机溶剂中掺杂樟脑磺酸的UV-Vis光谱

UV-Vis光谱法;聚苯胺在有机溶剂中掺杂樟脑磺酸的UV-Vis光谱     

调控碳材料的功函数以大幅度提升其电催化氧还原性能（英文）

氧的电催化还原反应是燃料电池装置与金属空气电池的阴极反应,具有重大的研究意义.在众多的非铂催化剂中,碳材料因其低廉的价格以及独特的物理化学性质受到了广泛的关注.自从发现氮掺杂的碳纳米阵列具有优异的氧还原活性后,不同类型的氮掺杂的碳也得到了深入研究.例如近年来兴起的由金属有机框架衍生的氮掺杂的碳材料,兼具丰富的氮位点及良好的三维结构.氮的掺杂对碳原子具有电子调控的作用,是其高氧还原活性的根本原因.本文对金属有机框架衍生的氮掺杂的碳材料进行进一步的电子结构的优化,以提升催化性能.功函是电子逸出表面所需的最少的能量,是材料的电子结构性质之一,其对氧还原反应的影响也有报道,早期以理论计算为基础,探究氧气分子在碳材料表面的解离能与氮掺杂的碳的表面功函的关系,后续则采用开尔文探针显微镜,直接测量了不同元素掺杂的碳表面功函,并建立起功函与氧还原动力学的线性关系.本文通过控制碳材料的功函来调节其电子结构.铯是一种经典的给电子物质,通过将电子注入到掺杂材料表面来降低其功函.因此,本文通过CsCO₃与2-甲基咪唑、Zn(NO₃)₂煅烧形成铯...     

调控碳材料的功函数以大幅度提升其电催化氧还原性能

氧的电催化还原反应是燃料电池装置与金属空气电池的阴极反应, 具有重大的研究意义. 在众多的非铂催化剂中,碳材料因其低廉的价格以及独特的物理化学性质受到了广泛的关注. 自从发现氮掺杂的碳纳米阵列具有优异的氧还原活性后, 不同类型的氮掺杂的碳也得到了深入研究. 例如近年来兴起的由金属有机框架衍生的氮掺杂的碳材料, 兼具丰富...     

可见光响应Fe掺杂ZnO的制备及光催化性能的研究

以硝酸锌、氯化铁等为原料,采用水热合成法制备不同比例Fe掺杂的ZnO光催化剂(Fe-ZnO)。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼散射(Raman)和紫外可见(UV-vis)漫反射光谱对样品的形貌、结构、相组成进行表征。结果表明,Fe已经掺入了ZnO晶格中;掺杂使光吸收带向红外区域扩展,提高可见光响应。BET测试发现Fe掺杂的ZnO材料具有很好的结构稳定性和相当高的比表面积,对Cr(VI)水溶液进行降解实验,结果显示Fe掺杂后ZnO具有较高的光催化活性和良好的稳定性。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。