Existence of natural and projectively equivariant quantizations

We study the existence of natural and projectively equivariant quantizations for differential operators acting between order 1 vector bundles over a smooth manifold M. To that aim, we make use of the Thomas-Whitehead approach of projective structures and construct a Casimir operator depending on a projective Cartan connection. We attach a scalar parameter to every space of differential operators, and prove the existence of a quantization except when this parameter belongs to a discrete set of resonant values.     

Perturbation and robust stability of autonomous singular linear matrix difference equations

In the perturbation theory of linear matrix difference equations, it is well known that the theory of finite and infinite elementary divisors of regular matrix pencils is complicated by the fact that arbitrarily small perturbations of the pencil can cause them to disappear. In this paper, the perturbation theory of complex Weierstrass canonical form for regular matrix pencils is investigated. By using matrix pencil theory and the Weierstrass canonical form of the pencil we obtain bounds for the finite elementary divisors of a perturbed pencil. Moreover we study robust stability of a class of linear matrix difference equations (of first and higher order) whose coefficients are square constant matrices.     

Induced liftings, exchange rings and semi-perfect algebras

Several important classes of rings can be characterized in terms of liftings of idempotents with respect to various ideals: classical examples are semi-perfect rings, semi-regular rings and exchange rings. We begin with a study of some extensions of the concept of idempotent lifting and prove the generalizations of some classical lifting theorems. Then we describe the method of induced liftings, which allows us to transfer liftings from a ring to its subrings. Using this method we are able to show that under certain assumptions a subring of an exchange ring is also an exchange ring, and to prove that a finite algebra over a commutative local ring is semi-perfect, provided it can be suitably represented in an exchange ring.     

Lifting via cocycle deformation

We develop a strategy to compute all liftings of a Nichols algebra over a finite dimensional cosemisimple Hopf algebra. We produce them as cocycle deformations of the bosonization of these two. In parallel, we study the shape of any such lifting.     

Cremona transformations and the conundrum of dimensionality and signature of macro-spacetime

The issue of dimensionality and signature of the observed universe is analysed. Neither of the two properties follows from first principles of physics, save for a remarkably fruitful Cantorian fractal spacetime approach pursued by El Naschie, Nottale and Ord. In the present paper, the author's theory of pencil-generated spacetime(s) is invoked to provide a clue. This theory identifies spatial coordinates with pencils of lines and the time dimension with a specific pencil of conics. Already its primitive form, where all pencils lie in one and the same projective plane, implies an intricate connection between the observed multiplicity of spatial coordinates and the (very) existence of the arrow of time. A qualitatively new insight into the matter is acquired, if these pencils are not constrained to be coplanar and are identified with the pencils of fundamental elements of a Cremona transformation in a projective space. The correct dimensionality of space (3) and time (1) is found to be uniquely tied to the so-called quadro-cubic Cremona transformations – the simplest non-trivial, non-symmetrical Cremona transformations in a projective space of three dimensions. Moreover, these transformations also uniquely specify the type of a pencil of fundamental conics, i.e. the global structure of the time dimension. Some physical and psychological implications of these findings are mentioned, and a relationship with the Cantorian model is briefly discussed.     

The Hecke group algebra of a Coxeter group and its representation theory

Let W be a finite Coxeter group. We define its Hecke-group algebra by gluing together appropriately its group algebra and its 0-Hecke algebra. We describe in detail this algebra (dimension, several bases, conjectural presentation, combinatorial construction of simple and indecomposable projective modules, Cartan map) and give several alternative equivalent definitions (as symmetry preserving operator algebra, as poset algebra, as commutant algebra, …).In type A, the Hecke-group algebra can be described as the algebra generated simultaneously by the elementary transpositions and the elementary sorting operators acting on permutations. It turns out to be closely related to the monoid algebras of respectively nondecreasing functions and nondecreasing parking functions, the representation theory of which we describe as well.This defines three towers of algebras, and we give explicitly the Grothendieck algebras and coalgebras given respectively by their induction products and their restriction coproducts. This yields some new interpretations of the classical bases of quasi-symmetric and noncommutative symmetric functions as well as some new bases.     

‘Twice’ Equivariant C*-Index Theorem and the Index Theorem for Families

We prove the index theorem for elliptic operators acting on sections of bundles where the fiber is equal to a projective module over a C ^*-algebra in the situation of the action of a compact Lie group on this algebra as well as on the total space commuting with a symbol. For this purpose, we prove in particular the corresponding Thom isomorphism theorem. As an application, the equivariant family index theorem for a direct product of a base by the space of parameters is obtained.     

Weighted Projective Lines as Fine Moduli Spaces of Quiver Representations

We describe weighted projective lines in the sense of Geigle and Lenzing by a moduli problem on the canonical algebra of Ringel. We then go on to study generators of the derived categories of coherent sheaves on the total spaces of their canonical bundles, and show that they are rarely tilting. We also give a moduli construction for these total spaces for weighted projective lines with three orbifold points.     

Perturbation of eigenvalues of matrix pencils and the optimal assignment problem

We extend the perturbation theory of Vi?ik, Ljusternik and Lidski?? to the case of eigenvalues of matrix pencils. This extension allows us to solve certain degenerate cases of this theory. We show that the first order asymptotics of the eigenvalues of a perturbed matrix pencil can be computed generically by methods of min-plus algebra and optimal assignment algorithms. We illustrate this result by discussing a singular perturbation problem considered by Najman. To cite this article: M. Akian et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 339 (2004).     

Differential operators associated with holomorphic mappings

Two differential operators which act on holomorphic mappings to complex projective space are studied. One operator is of second order and characterizes projective linear mappings. The other operator is of third order and may be viewed as a curvature. The two operators together play a role analogous to the Schwarzian derivative.A canonical approximation to a holomorphic mapping is defined, and a relationship between the approximation and the operators is derived. In the one variable case, this reduces to a classical result relating the Schwarzian derivative and the best Möbius approximation to a holomorphic function.     

On the Computation of Particular Eigenvectors of Hamiltonian Matrix Pencils

We discuss a structure-preserving algorithm for the accurate solution of generalized eigenvalue problems for skew-Hamiltonian/Hamiltonian matrix pencils λN − ℋ. By embedding the matrix pencil λ𝒩 − ℋ into a skew-Hamiltonian/Hamiltonian matrix pencil of double size it is possible to avoid the problem of non-existence of a structured Schur form. For these embedded matrix pencils we can compute a particular condensed form to accurately compute the simple, finite, purely imaginary eigenvalues of λ𝒩 − ℋ. In this paper we describe a new method to compute also the corresponding eigenvectors by using the information contained in the condensed form of the embedded matrix pencils and associated transformation matrices. (© 2011 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

G-symmetric spectra,semistability and the multiplicative norm

In this paper we develop the basic homotopy theory of G-symmetric spectra (that is, symmetric spectra with a G-action) for a finite group G, as a model for equivariant stable homotopy with respect to a G-set universe. This model lies in between Mandell's equivariant symmetric spectra and the G-orthogonal spectra of Mandell and May and is Quillen equivalent to the two. We further discuss equivariant semistability, construct model structures on module, algebra and commutative algebra categories and describe the homotopical properties of the multiplicative norm in this context.     

ON THE GENERALIZED RESOLVENT OF LINEAR PENCILS IN BANACH SPACES

Utilizing the stability characterizations of generalized inverses of linear operator, we investigate the existence of generalized resolvent of linear pencils in Banach spaces. Some practical criterions for the existence of generalized resolvents of the linear pencil λ→ T λ S are provided and an explicit expression of the generalized resolvent is also given. As applications, the characterization for the Moore-Penrose inverse of the linear pencil to be its generalized resolvent and the existence of the generalized resolvents of linear pencils of finite rank operators, Fredholm operators and semi-Fredholm operators are also considered. The results obtained in this paper extend and improve many results in this area.     

Equivariant Chow groups for torus actions

We study Edidin and Graham's equivariant Chow groups in the case of torus actions. Our main results are: (i) a presentation of equivariant Chow groups in terms of invariant cycles, which shows how to recover usual Chow groups from equivariant ones; (ii) a precise form of the localization theorem for torus actions on projective, nonsingular varieties; (iii) a construction of equivariant multiplicities, as functionals on equivariant Chow groups; (iv) a construction of the action of operators of divided differences on theT-equivariant Chow group of any scheme with an action of a reductive group with maximal torusT. We apply these results to intersection theory on varieties with group actions, especially to Schubert calculus and its generalizations. In particular, we obtain a presentation of the Chow ring of any smooth, projective spherical variety.     

Sheaves on moment graphs and a localization of Verma flags

To any moment graph G we assign a subcategory V of the category of sheaves on G together with an exact structure. We show that in the case that the graph is associated to a non-critical block of the equivariant category O over a symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra, V is equivalent (as an exact category) to the subcategory of modules that admit a Verma flag. The projective modules correspond under this equivalence to the intersection cohomology sheaves on the graph, and hence, by a theorem of Braden and MacPherson, to the equivariant intersection cohomologies of Schubert varieties associated to Kac-Moody groups.     

Equivariant autoequivalences for finite group actions

The familiar Fourier-Mukai technique can be extended to an equivariant setting where a finite group G acts on a smooth projective variety X. In this paper we compare the group of invariant autoequivalences Aut(DbG(X)) with the group of autoequivalences of DG(X). We apply this method in three cases: Hilbert schemes on K3 surfaces, Kummer surfaces and canonical quotients.     

Quasicrystals,aperiodic order,and groupoid von Neumann algebras

We introduce tight binding operators for quasicrystals that are parametrized by Delone sets. These operators can be regarded in a natural operator algebra framework that encodes the long range aperiodic order. This algebraic point of view allows us to study spectral theoretic properties. In particular, the integrated density of states of the tight binding operators is related to a canonical trace on the associated von Neumann algebra. To cite this article: D. Lenz, P. Stollmann, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 334 (2002) 1131–1136.     

Incomplete Inverse Spectral and Nodal Problems for Differential Pencils

We prove uniqueness theorems for so-called half inverse spectral problem (and also for some its modification) for second order differential pencils on a finite interval with Robin boundary conditions. Using the obtained result we show that for unique determination of the pencil it is sufficient to specify the nodal points only on a part of the interval slightly exceeding its half.     

On canonical embeddings of complex projective spaces in real projective spaces

In this paper, we construct a natural embedding \(\sigma :\mathbb{C}P_\mathbb{R}^{n} \to \mathbb{R}P^{n^2 + 2n} \) of the complex projective space ?P ⁿ considered as a 2n-dimensional, real-analytic manifold in the real projective space \(\mathbb{R}P^{n^2 + 2n} \). The image of the embedding σ is called the ?P ⁿ-surface. To construct the embedding, we consider two equivalent approaches. The first approach is based on properties of holomorphic bivectors in the realification of a complex vector space. This approach allows one to prove that a ?P-surface is a flat section of a Grassman manifold. In the second approach, we use the adjoint representation of the Lie group U(n + 1) and the canonical decomposition of the Lie algebra u(n). This approach allows one to state a gemetric characterization of the canonical decomposition of the Lie algebra u(n). Moreover, we study properties of the embedding constructed. We prove that this embedding determines the canonical Kähler structure on ?P _? ⁿ . In particular, the Fubini-Study metric is exactly the first fundamental form of the embedding and the complex structure on ?P _? ⁿ is completely defined by its second fundamental form; therefore, this embedding is said to be canonical. Moreover, we describe invariant and anti-invariant completely geodesic submanifolds of the complex projective space.