Annealing effect on transport properties of Nd0.67Sr0.33MnO3 thin films

Annealing dependence of the lattice parameter, resistivity, magnetoresistance and thermopower have been studied on Nd_0.7-Sr_0.33MnO₃ thin films deposited on LaAlO₃ and alumina substrates by pulsed laser ablation. Upon annealing at 800°C and 1000°C the lattice constant of the LaAlO₃ film tends toward that of the bulk target due to reduction in oxygen vacancies. This results in a metal-insulator transition at temperatures which increase with progressive annealing along with a decrease in the observed low temperature MR. Using a magnon scattering model we estimate the e _g bandwidth of the film annealed at 1000°C and show that the magnon contribution to the resistivity is suppressed in a highly oxygen deficient film and gains prominence only upon subsequent annealing. We also show that upon annealing, the polaron concentration and the spin cluster size increases in the paramagnetic phase, using an adiabatic polaron hopping model which takes into account an exchange dependent activation energy above the resistivity peak.     

Effect of oxygen non-stoichiometry on magnetic and electrical transport properties of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3

The effect of oxygen deficiency and oxygen excess on the magnetic and electrical transport properties of La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ has been investigated. The thermal and isothermal magnetization measurement results show that the Curie temperature and saturation magnetization of oxygen deficient sample (defined as A) are higher than those oxygen excess sample (defined as B). The electrical resistivity of A is lower than that of B in studied temperature range. The magnetoresistance (MR) of B is larger than that of A in the temperature range from 280 to 360 K, which agrees with the magnetic field needed full spin polarization at room temperature. The colossal MR (CMR) around transition temperature from ferromagnetic metal to paramagnetic insulator (T_MI) for A is larger than that for B, which arises from assistance of stronger lattice deformation for A.     

Ag/Nd0.7Sr0.3MnO3陶瓷界面电输运性质研究

用渗银和银胶接触两种方法分别在多晶Nd_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃陶瓷样品上制作电极,用两线和四线模式对两种接触界面的直、交流特性进行测量.结果发现:渗银电极与陶瓷样品之间具有很好的欧姆接触特性,两线、四线模式下的电阻测量值相近,并且没有电脉冲诱导电阻转变(EPIR)效应;而用银胶接触作电极时,V-I曲线表现出关于原点对称的非线性特征,并出现稳定的室温EPIR效应.两种不同方法制备的电极在交流电场下的输运也有很大差异:渗银电极阻抗 关键词： 界面 接触电阻 EPIR效应 钙钛矿结构锰氧化物     

Effect of the substrate crystalline structure on the magnetic, electrical, and crystallographic characteristics of La0.35Nd0.35Sr0.3MnO3 epitaxial films

A study has been made of the electrical resistivity ρ, magnetoresistance Δρ/ρ, and magnetization of La_0.35Nd_0.35Sr_0.3MnO₃ epitaxial films on ZrO₂(Y₂O₃), SrTiO₃, LaAlO₃, and MgO substrates. The first film can exist in four equivalent crystallographic orientations in the sample plane, while the other three have only one orientation. The maxima of ρ and Δρ/ρ of the first film are broadened considerably in the vicinity of the Curie point T _C compared to the three others, the magnitude of ρ itself being larger by 1.5 orders of magnitude, and a large negative magnetoresistance (|Δρ/ρ| ～ 10% in a field of 8.4 kOe) is observed at temperatures 80≤T≤200 K. In all films, the magnetic moment per molecule at 5 K is ～46% smaller than the pure spin value, due to the existence of magnetically disordered regions. The larger value of ρ of the film deposited on ZrO₂(Y₂O₃) is due to the electrical resistance of the boundaries separating regions with different crystallographic orientations, and the magnetoresistance is associated with polarized carriers tunneling through the boundaries coinciding with domain walls. The low-temperature magnetoresistance in fields above technical saturation is caused by the strong p-d exchange coupling within spin-ordered regions.     

Phase separation in strained cation- and anion-deficient Nd0.52Sr0.48MnO3 films

The magnetic and transport properties of anion- and cation-deficient Nd_0.52Sr_0.48MnO₃ films with different thicknesses, as well as of two films from this system grown on different SrTiO₃ and LaAlO₃ substrates, are studied. Below Curie temperature T _C, the films with different thicknesses exhibit phase separation: they represent magnetic clusters (drops) embedded in a nonconducting paramagnetic (at T > T _N, where T _N is the Néel temperature) or antiferromagnetic (T < T _N) matrix. The temperature dependences of the resistivity of the films are well described in terms of the polaron mechanism of conduction. In external magnetic field H = 0.01 T, the drops may reach 15 nm in size. They consist of magnetic polarons with a small radius (1–2 nm). The drops are shown to interact with each other in the films. Because of competition between drop-drop dipole interaction and the magnetic energy, the drops disintegrate into droplets with a size comparable to that of a magnetic polaron in a field of 1 T. An explanation is given for the discrepancy between our results and the frequently observed growth of the drops with a rise in the external magnetic field. As the film gets thicker, the fraction of the ferromagnetic phase grows with thickness nonlinearly. In the film grown on SrTiO₃ (compressed by 0.9%), the characteristic Néel and Curie temperatures are lower than in the film grown on LaAlO₃. The diameters of ferromagnetic drops (both maximal at H = 0.01 T and minimal at H = 1 T) turn out to be roughly the same as in the films with different thicknesses.     

Structural and magnetic phase transitions in La0.9Sr0.1MnO3

A study is made of phase transitions in doped La_0.9Sr_0.1MnO₃ compounds using combined x-ray, electrical, and magnetic measurements. Structural phase transitions are observed accompanied by a change in the cell volume at temperatures of 100–110 K and 300–340 K. These structural changes are found to be related to different contributions of the rhombic Jahn-Teller Q ₂ mode to the formation of the crystal lattice. The structural transition at 100–110 K is accompanied by distinctive magnetic and electrical properties. The data are analyzed in detail. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 41, 1064–1069 (June 1999)     

Effect of substrate strain on lattice structure,electrical resistivity,and optical conductivity of Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 thin films grown on SrTiO3

In this study, we investigated the lattice structure, electrical resistivity, and optical conductivity of Nd_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ thin films grown on SrTiO₃ (001) and SrTiO₃ (011) substrates. The thin film on SrTiO₃ (001) experiences isotropic tensile strain and shows characteristics of the semiconducting ground state. On the other hand, the thin film on SrTiO₃ (011) experiences anisotropic tensile strain, which means that one of the two in-plane lattice axes is fixed by the substrate lattice and the other axis is relaxed. The thin film shows the insulator–metal phase transition at 220 K and characteristics of the charge-ordered insulating ground state below 150 K. By comparing the single crystal data of the lattice along with the resistivity and optical conductivity, we suggest that the substrate strain affects the electronic structure as well as the carrier dynamics of the Nd_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ thin films. We propose the possible ground states formed in the thin films.     

Effect of strontium deficiency on the transport and magnetic properties of Pr0.7Sr0.3MnO3

Ceramic samples of Pr_0.7Sr_0.3−x□_xMnO₃ with x⩽0.2 have been investigated by various techniques including ⁵⁵Mn nuclear magnetic resonance, SQUID magnetometry, resistivity and magnetoresistance measurements. On increasing x, the samples remain ferromagnetic at a low temperature with a decreasing Curie temperature, but a metal–insulator transition is observed. Besides, a positive magnetoresistance (MR) at very low temperatures with respect to a negative colossal MR at high temperatures is observed in the Pr_0.7Sr_0.2□_0.1MnO₃ sample.     

Nd0.5Sr0.4Pb0.1MnO3的结构和磁性

通过室温下的中子衍射和磁性测量对多晶样品Nd0.5Sr0.4Pb0.1MnO3的结构和磁性进行了实验研究.中子衍射结果表明,该样品具有正交的钙钛矿结构,空间群是Pnma,即结构发生了晶场畸变.由M-T和R-T曲线可知,居里温度TC=273 K,其特征是随着温度的增加样品经历了从铁磁金属态转变到顺磁半导态,且转变温度Tp＝225 K;用锰氧化物晶场和双交换作用的竞争解释了其温度Tp以下的金属特性.     

Critical behavior and magnetic relaxation dynamics of Nd0.4Sr0.6MnO3 nanoparticles

Detailed DC and AC magnetic properties of chemically synthesized Nd_0.4Sr_0.6MnO₃ with different particle size (down to 27?nm) have been studied in details. We have found ferromagnetic state in the nanoparticles, whereas the bulk Nd_0.4Sr_0.6MnO₃ is known to be an A-type antiferromagnet. A Griffiths-like phase has also been identified in the nanoparticles. Further, critical behaviour of the nanoparticles has been studied around the second-order ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition region (|(T?T _C)/T _C|???0.04) in terms of modified Arrott plot, Kouvel–Fisher plot and critical isotherm analysis. The estimated critical exponents (β, γ, δ) are quite different from those predicted according to three-dimensional mean-field, Heisenberg and Ising models. This signifies a quite unusual nature of the size-induced ferromagnetic state in Nd_0.4Sr_0.6MnO₃. The nanoparticles are found to be interacting and do not behave like ideal superparamagnet. Interestingly, we find spin glass like slow relaxation of magnetization, aging and memory effect in the nanometric samples. These phenomena have been attributed to very broad distribution of relaxation time as well as to inter-particle interaction. Experimentally, we have found out that the dynamics of the nanoparticle systems can be best described by hierarchical model of spin glasses.     

Structure and magnetic properties of CrN thin films on La0.67Sr0.33MnO3

High crystalline quality CrN thin films have been grown on La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ (LSMO) templates by molecular beam epitaxy. The structure and magnetic properties of CrN/LSMO heterojunctions are investigated combining with the experiments and the first-principles simulation. The Nėel temperature of the CrN/LSMO samples is found to be 281 K and the saturation magnetization of CrN/LSMO increases compared to that of LSMO templates. The magnetic property of CrN/LSMO heterostructures mainly comes from Cr atoms of (001) CrN and Mn atoms of (001) LSMO. The (001) LSMO induces and couples the spin of the CrN sublattice at CrN/LSMO interface.     

Improved electrical and magnetic transport properties of La0.8Ba0.2MnO3 thin films by oxygen annealing

正Dear Editors,The properties of mixed-valence manganites are sensitive to the synthesis conditions[1].For oxide films grown by pulsed laser deposition(PLD),the physical properties are affected obviously by the growth oxygen pressure and annealing treatment[2-5].Using the PLD method,manganite oxides are usually grown at different oxygen pressures to investigate the     

An electron paramagnetic resonance study of phase segregation in Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3

We present results of an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study of Nd_1−xSr_xMnO₃ with x=0.5 across the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic, insulator to metal transition at 260 K (T_c) and the antiferromagnetic, charge ordering transition (T_N=T_co) at 150 K. The results are compared with those on Nd_0.45Sr_0.55MnO₃ which undergoes a transition to a homogeneous A-type antiferromagnetic phase at T_N=230 K and on La_0.77Ca_0.23MnO₃ which undergoes a transition to coexisting ferromagnetic metallic and ferromagnetic insulating phases. For x=0.5, the EPR signals below T_c consist of two Lorentzian components attributable to the coexistence of two phases. From the analysis of the temperature dependence of the resonant fields and intensities, we conclude that in the mixed phase ferromagnetic and A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases coexist. The x=0.55 compound shows a single Lorentzian throughout the temperature range. The signal persists for a few degrees below T_N. The behaviour of the A-type AFM phase is contrasted with that of the two ferromagnetic phases present in La_0.77Ca_0.23MnO₃. The comparison of behaviour of A-type AFM signal observed in both Nd_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ and Nd_0.45Sr_0.55MnO₃ with the two FM phases of La_0.77Ca_0.23MnO₃, vis-à-vis the shift of resonances with respect to the paramagnetic phases and the behaviour of EPR intensity as a function of temperature conclusively prove that the Nd_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ undergoes phase separation into A-type AFM and FM phases.     

Effect of isotopic composition and microstructure on the crystalline and magnetic phase states in R0.5Sr0.5MnO3

The results of structural neutron experiments on determining crystal and magnetic phase states of perovskite-like manganites R_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ (R = ¹⁵²Sm, Nd_0.772Tb_0.228, and Nd_0.544Tb_0.456) are reported. Experiments are carried out for revealing microscopic factors responsible for the giant oxygen isotope effect that was discovered recently in Sm_1?x Sr _x MnO₃ for x ≈ 0.5. It is shown that separation into two crystal phases P ₁ and P ₂ with the same spatial symmetry but different types of Jahn-Teller distortions in MnO₆ octahedra and magnetic ordering of Mn atoms takes place in all studied compounds at low temperatures. Structural analysis has been carried out successfully owing to exceptionally large differences in the unit cell parameters of the coexisting phases. The P ₁ phase is ferromagnetic and MnO₆ octahedra are distorted only slightly. The P ₂ phase is antiferromagnetic (A-type ordering) and MnO₆ octahedra are strongly compressed in the apical direction. The relative volumes occupied by the P ₁ and P ₂ phases depend on the mean radius of the A cation, and the replacement of ¹⁶O by ¹⁸O results in their redistribution in favor of the P ₂ phase. The results unambiguously point to the percolation nature of the metal-insulator transition in a Sm-containing compound upon isotopic substitution of oxygen due to a sharp decrease (from 65 to 13%) in the fraction of ferromagnetic phase P ₁. In all investigated compounds, the ordered magnetic moment of manganese Mn in the P ₁ and P ₂ phases varies from 1.7μ_B to 3.5μ_B. The data on the evolution of the miscrostructure parameters during a phase transition to the stratified state indicate that the initial spread in the A cation radii, as well as the internal microstrains, produce a critical effect on the formation of mesoscopic phase separation.     

Electronic and vibrational Raman spectroscopy of Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 through the phase transitions

Raman scattering experiments have been carried out on single crystals of Nd_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ as a function of temperature in the range of 320–50 K, covering the paramagnetic insulator-ferromagnetic metal transition at 250 K and the charge-ordering antiferromagnetic transition at 150 K. The diffusive electronic Raman scattering response is seen in the paramagnetic phase which continue to exist even in the ferromagnetic phase, eventually disappearing below 150 K. We understand the existence of diffusive response in the ferromagnetic phase to the coexistence of the different electronic phases. The frequency and linewidth of the phonons across the transitions show significant changes, which cannot be accounted for only by anharmonic interactions.     

Dy的高掺杂对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3体系磁电性质的影响

通过实验研究了La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3(x=0.00,0.30,0.40,0.50,0.60,0.70)体系的M-T曲线,M-H曲线,ρ-T曲线和MR-T曲线. 实验结果表明:随着Dy掺杂的增加,体系从长程铁磁有序向自旋团簇玻璃态、反铁磁及亚铁磁状态转变. x=0.30样品的M-T曲线上在TN附近出现磁化强度尖峰,x=0.40时尖峰消失. 对x=0.50样品,ZFC的M-T曲线随温度增加出现一个谷,随后在TN处出现峰;而FC的M-T曲线在低温下呈现负磁矩. 对x=0.60和0.70样品,不论FC还是ZFC的M-T曲线都类似于x=0.50的ZFC的M-T曲线. 高掺杂时的输运性质在其磁背景下发生异常. 这些奇异现象用Nel的双格子模型并联合M-H回滞曲线给予很好地解释.     

相分离Eu0.5Sr0.5MnO3体系中的场诱导磁相变及输运特性研究

研究了半掺杂相分离锰氧化物Eu0.5Sr0.5MnO3样品的结构和电磁输运特性.在半掺杂情况下,该样品呈O′型正交结构,表明样品存在典型的Jahn-Teller畸变;在75 K附近样品的顺磁/反铁磁背景中开始出现铁磁相,在更低的温度42 K,4000 A/m磁场下M-T的场冷曲线和零场冷曲线出现明显分岔,样品的交流磁化率实部随温度的变化曲线中也在42 K观察到尖峰的出现,表现出团簇玻璃行为.在无外加磁场下该样品在整个测量温区均呈现绝缘体型导电行为,而在外加磁场1.6×106 A/m下出现磁场诱导的绝缘体-金属 (I-M)转变,其电输运特性符合可变程跳跃模型;研究表明,半掺杂Eu0.5Sr0.5MnO3样品的基态存在多种复杂而丰富的磁相互作用之间的竞争机理,其研究将为强关联锰氧化物体系物理机理的理解提供丰富的实验资料.