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用菲涅耳公式分析干涉分波器上发生的光程突变,比较各种类型干涉分波器产生光程突变的共同点和差异,这一点有利于对薄膜干涉中额外程差的选取。 相似文献
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碰撞转动传能中存在量子干涉效应已经在静态池实验中被观测到,并且积分角也能被测量.利用分子束实验可得到转动传能更准确的信息,进而得到影响干涉角的的具体因素.文中利用一阶含时波恩近似和L-J相互作用势,建立了原子—双原子分子碰撞系统转动传能的量子干涉模型,描述了观察和测量微分干涉角的方法,得到了微分干涉角与碰撞半径和碰撞速度间的关系,同时也得到了积分干涉角和实验温度的关系.此理论模型对于理解和进行分子束实验是非常重要的. 相似文献
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LI Yong-Qing LI Jian MA Feng-Cai 《理论物理通讯》2006,46(2):294-296
Collisional quantum interference (CQI) was observed in the intramolecular rotational energy transfer in the experiment of the static cell, and the integral interference angles were measured. To observe more precise information, the experiment in the molecular beam should be taken,from which the relationship between the differential interference angle and the scattering angle can be obtained. In this paper, the theoretical model of CQI is described in an atom-diatom system in the condition of the molecular beam, based on the first-Born approximation of time-dependent perturbation theory, taking into accounts the long-range interaction potential. The method of observing and measuring correctly the differential interference angle is presented. The changing tendency of the differential interference angle with the impact parameter and relative velocity is discussed. The changing tendencies of the differential interference angle with the parameter of experiment in the molecular beam, including the impact parameter and the velocity are discussed. This theoretical model is important to understand or perform the experiment in the molecular beam. 相似文献
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杨氏双孔干涉实验是物理光学史中著名的实验.其意义在于有力地证明了光的波动性,并首先在应用方面完成了对光波波长的测量.我们结合物理实验教学,设计一简易的实验装置,不仅可以观测杨氏双孔所产生的直线条纹,也可以观测到在非近轴条件下的双曲线条纹.一、原理杨庄四刀立验县中分钟降而技得相干件而实现干涉的实验.如图1所示,点光源S发出球面波,被两小孔S;和S。(S;和S。相距很近,且到S等距)由同一波阵面分割出的相干光,在屏上P(x,y,z)点相遇,则光程差j为消去式中根号,化简便得到等光程差面的方程(2)式表明等光程… 相似文献
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Interferometry is widely used in nano-scale micro-topography measurement. In order to improve its accuracy and sensitivity, a high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry based on white light interference and laser secondary interference was proposed. A high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry system was designed, and the zero point of the laser secondary interference was used to locate the dark striation of white light interference, so that it could reach the maximum slope when optical path difference was zero. The signals of white light and laser were analyzed by using the wave principle and intensity formula of interference fringes, and a sensitivity calculation method based on the combination of white light and laser interference signal was proposed. The system and its sensitivity were simulated. Finally, the optical path was built, and the white light interference fringes were adjusted to the dark striations position, so as to locate the zero position of laser secondary interference and carry out the data acquisition. It is showed that the sensitivity of the measurement method is at least 1 832 times higher than that of the laser secondary interference, and the corresponding measurement uncertainty is only ±0.288 7 mV. The measurement system can effectively solve the problem of large amount of calculation in traditional interferometry, and has high sensitivity, stability and reliability. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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本介绍了物理光学薄膜干涉中的等倾干涉实验的新做法:使用激光、硫酸纸屏(或毛玻璃屏)和云母片代替汞灯、薄云母片产生干涉圆环纹,大大简化了实验条件和方法,并对光源和圆环纹的形成作了初步的理论探讨。 相似文献
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碰撞转动传能中存在量子干涉效应已经在静态池实验中被观测到,并且积分角也能被测量.但静态池掩盖了大量的实验信息,利用分子束实验可得到转动传能更准确的信息,进而得到影响干涉角的的具体因素.文中运用含时微扰的一级波恩近似理论和各向异性相互作用势,建立了原子-双原子分子(混合态)体系碰撞诱导转动能量传递中的量子干涉效应的理论模型,描述了观察和测量微分干涉角的方法,得到了微分干涉角与碰撞半径和碰撞速度间的关系,同时也得到了实验温度对微分干涉角的影响.此理论模型对于理解和进行分子束实验是非常重要的. 相似文献
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苗刚 《原子与分子物理学报》2010,27(1)
碰撞转动传能中存在量子干涉效应已经在静态池实验中被观测到,并且积分角也能被测量。但静态池掩盖了大量的实验信息,利用分子束实验可得到转动传能更准确的信息,进而得到影响干涉角的的具体因素。文中运用含时微扰的一级波恩近似理论和各向异性相互作用势,建立了原子-双原子分子(混合态)体系碰撞诱导转动能量传递中的量子干涉效应的理论模型,描述了观察和测量微分干涉角的方法,得到了微分干涉角与碰撞半径和碰撞速度间的关系,同时也得到了实验温度对微分干涉角的影响。此理论模型对于理解和进行分子束实验是非常重要的. 相似文献
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一般国内的大学物理和大学物理实验教材都只介绍干涉圆条纹和直线干涉条纹,用迈克耳孙干涉仪可以调制出椭圆和双曲线干涉条纹;但对条纹形成的理论推导很少涉及.本文根据点光源双光束干涉理论,分析基于点光源照明的迈克耳孙干涉实验中所产生的各种可能的干涉条纹:双曲线形干涉条纹、圆形干涉纹、椭圆形干涉纹及直线形干涉纹的形成条件.本文也对等倾干涉条纹、等厚干涉条纹与既非等倾也非等厚干涉条纹的机理进行分析和比较.通过对每一种干涉图样的解析分析和比较,旨在对迈克耳孙干涉实验有更全面和更深刻的了解. 相似文献
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“ 双缝干涉”教学中, 学生会产生很多疑问, 如单缝获得频率唯一的线光源吗? 线光源上各点发出的光
是相干光吗? 有些参考书的解释并不到位, 甚至出现误导. 通过分析干涉条件和杨氏实验, 结合自己课堂教学经验,
查阅相关资料, 阐述了对上述问题的理解 相似文献