OCS分子在里德堡F态的真空紫外光解动力学：S(3PJ=2,1,0)产物通道

本文利用可调谐真空紫外光源和时间切片离子速度成像技术研究了OCS分子的真空紫外光解动力学. 在对应OCS里德堡F态的五个光解波长下(133.26 nm∽139.96 nm)实验采集了S(³P_J=2,1,0)产物的离子影像,从中发现了两个解离通道：S(³P_J=2,1,0)+CO(X¹Σ⁺)和S(³P_J=2,1,0)+CO(A³π),其中前者为主要通道. 离子影像中CO产物的振动结构可部分分辨. 从离子影像中提取出了S(³P_J=2,1,0)+CO(X¹Σ⁺)通道的产物总平动能分布、各向异性参数和CO振动态分支比等信息. 发现了对应OCS在F态的几个低振动态下光解的产物各向异性参数取负值,而对应F态的几个高振动态下光解产物的各向异性参数为正值. 另外,同一光解波长下三种S产物S(³P₂)、S(³P₁)和S(³P₀)的各向异性参数也不相同. 经分析,这些现象可能来源于激发区域的其它不同对称性的电子态的贡献,从而导致解离过程中同时存在平行解离和垂直解离. 本工作有利于进一步理解OCS真空紫外光解中的非绝热耦合作用.     

OCS经由F 31Π里德堡态生成CO(X1Σ+)+S(1D2)产物的波长相关性光解离

本文利用时间切片离子速度成像技术在134∽140 nm波段研究了OCS分子经由F 3¹Π里德堡态的真空紫外光解离动力学. 在选取的5个分别对应OCS(F 3¹Π, v₁=0∽4)的伸缩振动激发的光解波长,实验测得了来自CO(X¹Σ⁺)+S(¹D₂)产物通道的SS(¹D₂))实验影像,并获得了总平动能谱和CO(X¹Σ⁺, v)共生产物的振动布居及角分布. 结果分析表明OCS分子解离生成CO(X¹Σ⁺)+S(¹D₂)产物的过程经历了上态F 3¹Π 与C_?v和C_s构型的下电子态间非绝热耦合过程. 实验结果显示了很强的波长相关性：OCS (F 3¹Π, v₁)的较低转动激发态(v₁=0∽2)和较高转动激发态(v₁=3, 4)的CO(X¹Σ⁺)产物的振动布居和角分布具有显著差异,表明该解离过程中具有不同的解离机理. 本结果提供了振动耦合可能对真空紫外光解离动力学产生关键作用的相关证据.     

二硫化碳分子在204 nm附近的光解离动力学研究：S(3PJ)+CS(X1Σ+)产物通道

本文用时间切片离子速度影像技术研究CS₂分子在204 nm附近的光解离动力学. 在201.36、203.10、204.85和206.61 nm这四个解离波长下,实验清楚地观测到S(³P_J)+CS(X¹Σ⁺)产物通道. 在实验获得的S(³P_J=2,1,0)影像中,对应的CS(X¹Σ⁺)产物的振动态结构得到了部分的分辨. 通过对影像的分析,还获得了解离的总平动能谱以及产物的各项异性参数. 实验观察到的相对小的各项异性参数表明产物更倾向于经历了间接的光解离过程. 这一通道的自旋－轨道禁阻特征也说明了非绝热效应在二硫化碳紫外光解离生成S(³P_J=2,1,0)+CS(X¹Σ⁺)的过程中发挥了重要作用.     

羟基自由基双光子激发解离动力学

本文利用高里德堡态氢原子飞行时间探测技术,研究了羟基自由基的双光子激发解离动力学. H(²S)+O(¹D)和H(²S)+O(¹S)解离通道是由于羟基在经由A²Σ⁺(v''=2, J''=0.5-2.5)中间态通过双光子激发最终到排斥性的激发态势能曲线2²Ⅱ和B²Σ⁺上产生. 这两种解离通道产物都具有各向异性的角向分布,其中H(²S)+O(¹D)产物角分布异向因子β为-0.97,H(²S)+O(¹S)产物角分布异向因子β为1.97. 各向异性的角向分布与OH自由基在排斥性的激发态势能曲线上直接解离机理相吻合. 此实验观测到羟基自由基的解离能为35580±15 cm^-1.     

NaK低激发态光谱性质和辐射寿命的从头算

本文对NaK的电子结构做了高级从头算. 计算了与三个最低解离极限相关的10个?-S态的势能曲线. 基于计算的势能曲线,得到了束缚?-S态的光谱常数,与实验结果吻合较好. 用半经典散射理论分析了单重态基态X¹Σ⁺和三重态基态a³Σ⁺的最大振动量子数. 研究了包括跃迁偶极矩、夫兰克-康登因子和辐射寿命在内的跃迁特性. 研究结果表明,这种计算方法可以为超冷碱双原子分子实验提供较为可靠的参数估计.     

AgO分子C2∏-X2∏(0,0)带高分辨光谱再研究

本文利用激光诱导荧光技术对AgO分子C²∏-X²∏(0,0)带光谱在∽0.02 cm^-1分辨率水平开展了高分辨研究. 在超声射流条件下利用银针电极对O₂/Ar混合气高压放电制备AgO分子,利用自行研制的窄线宽单纵模光参量振荡器作为可调谐激光光源,实验记录了同位素分辨的¹⁰⁷Ag¹⁶O和¹⁰⁹Ag¹⁶O分子C²∏-X²∏(0,0)带的高分辨光谱. 通过对实验光谱的转动分析获得了两个同位素分子的精确光谱常数,其中¹⁰⁷Ag¹⁶O分子C²∏态常数为首次实验测定. 结合文献和理论计算,实验观测的C²∏态自旋-轨道耦合效应很可能来自于与四重解离态⁴Σ^-或⁴∏的态混合.     

LASP软件3.0版本的最新进展：针对多元素的全局神经网络势函数以及长程相互作用描述符

基于神经网络势函数的大尺度原子模拟软件(LASP软件)是我们在2018年开发的软件平台(www.lasphub.com),主要用于针对复杂材料体系的原子模拟. 软件整合了基于机器学习的神经网络势函数计算与全局势能面搜索功能,可以广泛运用于各种材料的结构预测以及化学反应机理研究. 本文介绍了我们在最近发布的LASP软件3.0版本中的一些更新,主要聚焦在针对神经网络势函数的一些重要改进,包括为多元素体系设计的多重神经网络架构,以及为长程相互作用设计的S⁷和S⁸两个新的基于幂指数结构描述符. 这些新的改进一方面提高了势函数的计算精度,另一方面降低了基于神经网络势函数的大尺度原子模拟软件软件对多元素体系的训练代价. 本文利用Cu-C-H-O神经网络势函数以及Cu(111)表面催化甘油裂解反应这一非均相催化体系对新的功能进行测试,结果表明,通过使用已有的神经网络作为输入,多重神经网络架构可以将训练效率提高50%. 分子动力学模拟结果表明,基于双重网络,以及S⁷、S⁸结构描述符的CuCHO势函数具有良好的稳定性,且计算精度可以提高1倍.     

OCS分子在128 nm附近的光解动力学研究：S(3PJ=2,1,0)、S(1D2)以及S(1S0)产物通道

本文利用时间切片离子成像技术对OCS分子进行了真空紫外波段的光解动力学研究. 在四个光解光波长(从129.32到126.08 nm)下测量了硫原子解离产物S(³P_J=2,1,0)、S(¹D₂)、S(¹S₀)的速度影像,并从中清晰地发现了四个主要的解离产物通道：S(³P_J=2,1,0)+CO(X¹Σ⁺),S(³P_J=2,1,0)+CO(A³π),S(¹D₂)+CO(X¹Σ⁺)和S(¹S₀)+CO(X¹Σ⁺). 在实验影像中,产物CO分子的部分振动态结构能够得到分辨. 实验还获取解离产物总平动能谱,产物分支比和角分布. 对实验结果进行分析显示除绝热解离通道S(³P_J=2,1,0)+CO(A³π)之外,在其他三个产物通道中非绝热效应都起到非常重要的作用.     

程序性死亡蛋白配体1抑制剂2-甲基-3-二苯基甲醇衍生物的定量结构活性关系研究

本文研究了二十种2-甲基-3-二苯基甲醇衍生物衍生物作为PD-L1抑制剂的定量结构活性关系. 用密度泛函理论在B3LPY/6-31+G(d,p)水平对它们的结构和性质进行计算,求得最高占有轨道能级E_HOMO、最低空轨道能级E_LUMO、总能量E_T、 偶极矩DM、绝对硬度?、绝对电负性χ、软度S、电负性ω和能隙ΔE等性质. 用主成分分析(PCA)、多元线性回归(MLR)和多元非线性回归(MNLR)建立它们的定量结构活性关系(QSAR). 基于统计分析构建定量模型并预测化合物的性质. MLR和MNLR统计结果的相关系数R²分别为0.661和0.758. 用留一法交叉检验(LOO-CV),r²_m检验和“Golbraikh&Tropsha”标准分析用于检验MLR和MNLR模型的稳健性. 结果表明两种模型均具有统计显著性和稳健性,两种模型均能预测其生物活性,可用于PD-L1免疫检查点抑制剂生物活性的预估.     

“无水”NiCo2O4纳米棒在电化学无酶葡萄糖传感中的应用

本文介绍了棒状NiCo₂O₄的制备,并将其修饰玻碳电极作为无酶葡萄糖传感器. 通过简单的水热反应合成了NiCo₂O₄,然后在商用微波炉中对NiCo₂O₄进行处理,以消除水热合成过程中可能引入的残存水. 扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射谱和X射线光电子能谱分析表明,微波处理前后结构无变化. 通过EDS对Ni,Co,O原子比例的分析,证明微波处理对残存水的消除作用. 微波处理的NiCo₂O₄(M-NiCo₂O₄)作为葡萄糖传感器的灵敏度高达431.29 μA mM^-1 cm^-2. 最后,将M-NiCo₂O₄在水中浸泡不同时间后,其对葡萄糖的感应性能下降. 结果表明,水热过程中引入的残存水对其电化学性能有很强的影响,微波预处理对其电化学性能也有着重要的影响.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.