智能高分子材料在智能给药系统中的应用

简要介绍了合成智能高分子材料、半合成智能高分子材料和天然智能高分子材料在智能给药系统中的应用研究进展,并展望了其在智能给药系统中的应用前景.     

智能高分子材料在智能给药系统中的应用

简要介绍了合成智能高分子材料、半合成智能高分子材料和天然智能高分子材料在智能给药系统中的应用研究进展,并展望了其在智能给药系统中的应用前景.     

智能高分子材料

本文介绍了形状记忆树脂、高分子凝胶、本征导电聚合物、高分子复合材料、高分子薄膜、超分子聚合物、液晶聚合物等智能高分子材料的一般概念及其应用的一些方面。     

药用合成高分子缓、控释材料研究进展

药物的缓、控释材料可以实现药物的平稳长期的释放,同时使药物治疗达到有的放矢的效果,高分子材料是制作药物缓控释材料的重要材料,包括天然高分子与合成高分子两大类。其中,天然高分子用作药物缓控释材料的研究已有多年的历史,已为人们所熟知。本文主要综述药用合成高分子缓、控释材料研究进展,分析了不同缓、控释材料的制备方法、释药原理和适用药物,为合成新型药用缓、控释材料,扩大药用缓、控释高分子材料的应用范围提供依据。     

高分子材料的微波辅助合成研究进展

微波加热以其省时、高效、清洁环保的显著优势而使微波辅助合成成为一种广受欢迎的合成技术。高分子材料的传统合成反应时间长、耗能大。将微波辐射应用于高分子材料的合成可缩短反应时间、降低反应能耗,已成为有机合成领域的研究热点。本文简要综述了微波辅助合成技术在工程材料高分子聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚丙烯酸苄基酯以及在医用功能高分子、吸附功能高分子、导电功能高分子和光学功能高分子合成中的研究进展,并展望了微波辅助合成在高分子材料合成中的发展前景。     

有机化学知识在高分子材料合成创新实验中的运用——分享几个实例

针对目前教学中存在的理论课程之间、实验课程与理论课程之间关联不够紧密等问题,探索了通过"知识关联"将有机化学基本知识运用到高分子材料合成创新实验中的教学思路。以新试剂合成及应用、荧光聚酯合成、聚酰胺合成、聚酯水解等为例,介绍了如何将有机化学新理论、新方法、新试剂应用于本科高分子化学和高分子材料实验教学,以及如何将有机化学的理论知识和实验手段应用于高分子材料合成教学中。实践表明:通过"知识关联",将有机化学基础理论知识和实验技能应用于高分子合成实验中可以提高学生对所学知识的理解和运用能力,增强学生的实验探索兴趣,有效改进了高分子材料合成实验教学的课堂气氛。     

天然-合成高分子生物杂化材料在生物医学领域中的应用

综述了天然—合成高分子生物杂化材料在生物医学领域中的应用，并分析了它作为组织工程基质和药物载体的优点，指出生物杂化材料是生物医用材料的发展趋势。     

二氧化碳在高分子合成中的应用

综述了ＣＯ２在高分子合成中的研究现状，介绍了以ＣＯ２为原料合成高分子的经典方法和新型等离子体聚合法，在此基础上对ＣＯ２在高分子材料领域中的应用作了展望。     

纳米生物传感器探针材料：合成、组装及应用

生物传感器因选择性高、分析速度快、准确度高等特点,在生物医学、环境监测及食品安全等领域应用广泛.纳米探针材料是生物传感器中的核心部件,对检测信号的输出和放大,起到至关重要的作用.本文总结了近十年来本团队利用智能高分子精准调控纳米粒子合成的研究成果,发展了多种生长模式,量身定制出三十多种高效可医用探针材料;通过智能高分子修饰纳米探针表面,实现了不同维度(1D、2D和3D)的宏观可控自组装.最后,基于设计的探针材料及其组装结构,构建了一系列生物传感器,探索了其在食品安全检测和医疗诊断领域的应用.     

导热高分子材料的制备及其应用研究进展

导热高分子材料的制备能够为有机高分子在发光二极管、电子封装材料、工程材料等领域中的应用提供新的思路,进一步拓展了高分子材料的应用范围.本文在介绍导热型高分子材料制备方法的基础上,对新型导热高分子的开发情况进行了综述,包括热塑性、热固性等本征型导热高分子,以及以金属粒子及其氧化物、氮化物、碳材料等作填料的填充型导热高分子...     

人工智能味觉系统：概念、结构与方法

本文将传统的味觉传感器、人工味觉、电子舌等研究统一纳入人工智能味觉的框架中，提出了人工智能味觉的概念、结构及方法学问题。在传统分析科学中，非特异性感应是一个极力避免的现象，而交互感应传感器阵列则是将其作为基本出发点，设计构建成一个优化的组合，使得人工智能化学感受在技术上得以实现，交互感应理论和技术也因此成为其核心概念。作为一种仿生感觉技术，人工智能味觉系统是由交互感应电极及阵列、自学习专家数据库和智能模式识别三部分构成；电位法和伏安法是两类主要的传感方法；传感器材料包括贵金属及稀土金属、类脂/聚合物、硫属玻璃、导电聚合物以及其它如碳糊、酞菁、普鲁士蓝等；主成分分析和人工神经网络是智能识别过程中主要的模式识别工具。导电聚合物修饰电化学传感器和多技术联用分析方法目前已成为人工智能味觉系统研究的两个重要发展方向。     

The Research on Intelligent Controlled DDS of Polymer Carrier

The intelligent controlled drug delivery systems (DDS) are a series of the preparations including microcapsules or nanocapsules composed of intelligent polymers and medication. The properties of preparations can change with the external stimuli, such as pH value, temperature,chemical substance, light, electricity and magnetism etc. According to this properties, the DDS can be intelligently controlled. This paper has reviemed research on syntheses and applications of intelligent controlled DDS of polymer carriers.Drug delivery system with pH stimuliThe volume of polymer hydrogel can change with the pH value of external environment. The sensitive polymer hydrogels to pH are often as carriers. The polymer hydrogel carrying medicine is especially suitable for taking orally. In order to protect medicine from losing activation, we enwrapped medicine into polymer hydrogel with acidic group. In the acidic environment of stomach,the volume of polymer hydrogel contracts because of the hydrogen bond. The medicine in the polymer hydrogel cannot disperse out. When it goes to the intestine of basic environment, the hydrogen bond will be broken, and the medicine can release.Drug delivery system with temperatureTemperature sensitive polymer hydrogel can change its volume with changing of environmental temperature. This kind of polymer hydrogel can be also used as a carrier of medicine. At a low temperature, the polymer chains form hydrogen bond with water to swell to let medicine disperse out from the hydrogel. On the other hand, the hydrogen bond will be broken and polymer chain will lose water to contract with temperature's increasing. And the medicine will not disperse out. For example,the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAAm) is the hydrogel that is swelled at lower temperature and contracted at higher temperature. PNIPAAm has the lower critical solution temperature(LCST).We can adjust its LCST to control PNIPAAm hydrogel's swelling or contraction to let medicine release or not.Drug delivery system with other stimuliThe polymer carrier drug delivery system can be intelligently controlled with the stimuli of pH value and temperature. In addition, there are still some other stimuli for DDS. For example, DDS with light; DDS with electricity(or electric field); DDS with magnetism(magnetic field); DDS with chemical substance; etc. The characteristic of intelligent polymer carrier is based on P.J.Flory's gel-swelling theory. Intelligent polymer carrier DDS will be widely used in biological and medical fields.     

智能型色谱整体固定相的研究进展

整体柱作为新一代色谱固定相,具有原位制备、快速传质和高通透性的特点,近年来引起人们的极大关注。智能型聚合物作为一类功能性材料,能在温度、pH和盐等环境因素的刺激下产生特异性响应变化,通常被修饰到固相载体表面用来构造环境敏感性材料,使得该智能材料在药物控释、化学传感和细胞生长等领域有着广泛的应用。因此,在整体柱上构造智能型表面更为其在色谱领域的发展提供了新的契机。本文主要综述了近年来智能型整体柱在色谱领域的研究进展。     

智能性药物释放体系

本文综述了智能性药物释放体系的进展,结合智能高聚物对化学及物理响应性聚合物为基础的体系,结合我们的工作对其自反馈释放及通-断特性进行了探讨。     

The Research of Biomedical Intelligent Polymer Materials

The properties of biomedical intelligent polymer materials can be changed obviously when there is a little physical or chemical change caused by external condition. They are in the forms of solids, solutions and the polymers on the surface of carrier, and include water solution of hydrophilic polymers, cross-linking hydrophilic polymers(i.e. hydrogels) and the polymers on the surface of carrier. The environmental stimulating factors are temperature, pH value, composition of solution, ionic intention, light intention, electric field, stress field and magnetic field etc.. The properties of intelligent polymer are those of phase, photics, mechanics, electric field, surface energy,reaction ratio, penetrating ratio and recognition etc..Stimulation-response of intelligent water-soluble polymerWater-soluble intelligent polymer can be separated out from solution under special external condition. It can be used as the switch of temperature or pH indicator. When water-soluble intelligent polymer is mixed with soluble-enzyme matter or cell suspension, the polymer can bring phase separation and react with soluble-enzyme matter or cell membrane through accepting some external stimulation. Other water-soluble intelligent polymer is that can make the main chemical group of some natural biomolecular recognition sequence section to arrange on skeleton of polymer at random. It is the same ratio as natural biomolecules.Stimulation-response of intelligent polymer of carrier surface Intelligent polymer can be fixed on the surface of solid polymer carrier through chemical grafting or physical adsorption. When the external conditions are changed, the thickness, humidity and electric field of the surface layer will be changed. Intelligent polymer can be preparated the permanence switch by precipitating into the hole of porous surface, and it can control on-off state of the hole. When protein or cell interacts with intelligent polymer surface to be placed in to open or close, they can be selectively absorbed on hydrophobic surface.Stimulation-response of intelligent polymer hydrogelIntelligent polymer hydrogel's construction, physical property, and chemical property can change with the changing of external environmental conditions. When environmental stimulation signal, for example, solution composition, pH value, ionic intention, temperature, light intention, electric field,magnetic field and substance etc. changes, the intelligent polymer will occur to break of volume.This is the intelligence of polymer hydrogel.The intelligence of these polymers will be widely applied in biomedical fields.     

Advances in Intelligent Stimuli-Responsive Microneedle for Biomedical Applications

Microneedles (MNs) are a new type of drug delivery method that can be regarded as an alternative to traditional transdermal drug delivery systems. Recently, MNs have attracted widespread attention for their advantages of effectiveness, safety, and painlessness. However, the functionality of traditional MNs is too monotonous and limits their application. To improve the efficiency of disease treatment and diagnosis by combining the advantages of MNs, the concept of intelligent stimulus-responsive MNs is proposed. Intelligent stimuli-responsive MNs can exhibit unique biomedical functions according to the internal and external environment changes. This review discusses the classification and principles of intelligent stimuli-responsive MNs, such as magnet, temperature, light, electricity, reactive oxygen species, pH, glucose, and protein. This review also highlights examples of intelligent stimuli-responsive MNs for biomedical applications, such as on-demand drug delivery, tissue repair, bioimaging, detection and monitoring, and photothermal therapy. These intelligent stimuli-responsive MNs offer the advantages of high biocompatibility, targeted therapy, selective detection, and precision treatment. Finally, the prospects and challenges for the application of intelligent stimuli-responsive MNs are discussed.     

废弃天然高分子基功能材料

从废弃高分子角度对废弃生物质的高附加值再利用进行综述,阐述了废弃生物质中天然高分子的类型以及废弃生物质中包含的大量天然高分子具有官能团丰富、可降解、生物相容、无毒无害等优异的性能,归纳了废弃生物质的传统处理方法及作为材料使用的再利用途径,介绍了废弃天然高分子用作复合材料、吸附材料、载体材料、能源材料、医用高分子材料、智能高分子材料等的研究进展,并对废弃天然高分子的资源化利用进行了展望。     

Recent developments in intelligent biomedical polymers

Intelligent polymers or stimuli-responsive polymers may exhibit distinct transitions in physical-chemical properties, including conformation, polarity, phase structure and chemical composition in response to changes in environmental stimuli. Due to their unique 'intelligent' characteristics, stimuli-sensitive polymers have found a wide variety of applications in biomedical and nanotechnological fields. This review focuses on the recent developments in biomedical application of intelligent polymer systems, s...     

Monodispersed polymer particles with tunable surface structures: Droplet microfluidic-assisted fabrication and biomedical applications

Polymer particles are key materials in various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, cellular immunity, cell capture, biochip, etc. Droplets produced by microfluidics have been widely applied as templates for the fabrication of polymer particles with controllable sizes and narrow size distributions. Compared to smooth polymer particles, those with surface microstructures (e.g., tentacles, bubbles, wrinkles and pits) are more attractive due to their increased surface area and biomimetic structural characteristics. In this review, we summarized representative methods for the preparation of monodispersed polymer particles with various surface microstructures based on droplet microfluidics, as well as their typical bioapplications in drug delivery, cellular immunity and cell capture. Finally, the current challenges and further development in this research area are discussed.