Optical model potential of 800 MeV/c K+ meson for12C and40Ca by the method of inversion

The elastic scattering differential cross-sections of 800 MeV/c K⁺ mesons from¹²C and Ca have been analyzed using the Ericson’s parametrization for the phase shift. It is found that the parameter values obtained by our analysis are significantly different from those obtained from the closed expression for K⁺-nucleus amplitude derived by the strong absorption approximation. Next, using the phase shift obtained from the present analysis we calculate the K⁺ optical model potentials for¹²C and⁴⁰Ca by the method of inversion. The calculated potentials are compared with the recently determined phenomenological ones.     

Momentum-space optical model for K+-nucleus scattering

The momentum-space optical model of K⁺-nucleus scattering is analyzed and comparison with other conventional models is shown. The model is based on the multiple scattering formalism in which the optimal factorization approximation is used. Off-energy-shell extension of the elementary K⁺-nucleon amplitude is neglected which reduces non localities in the optical potential. Predictions of the model are sensitive to the definition of the K⁺-nucleon energy (energy shifts) but they are independent (1–2%) of a particular form of the covariant K⁺-nucleus scattering equation (relativistic Lippmann-Schwinger, Gross, Erkelenz-Holinde). The Coulomb distortion in the total cross section is important for²⁸Si and⁴⁰Ca at low momenta (≈10%). Off-energy-shell effects in the optical potential are discussed too. Results for the total and reaction cross sections are systematically below the data. The reaction cross sections are in a larger disagreement with the data than the total cross sections. This work was supported by grants ASCR A1048703 (P. Bydžovsky) and GACR 202/96/1566 (M. Sotona).     

Production of hypernuclei with the reaction

We present results on the production of bound states of Θ⁺ in nuclei using the (K⁺,π⁺) reaction. By taking into account the states obtained within a wide range of strength of the Θ⁺ nucleus optical potential, plus the possibility to replace different nucleons of the nucleus, we obtain an excitation spectra with clearly differentiated peaks. The magnitude of the calculated cross sections is well within reachable range.     

Selective excitation in kaon-nucleus inelastic scattering

The K⁺ meson (kaon) inelastic excitation of low-lying (E_x = 0–15 MeV) T = 0 collective states in ¹⁶O is theoretically studied as a function of energy and momentum transfer. The distorted wave impulse approximation is used to calculate angular distributions and total inelastic cross sections for exciting the first J^π = 2⁺, 3^?, 4⁺ and 5^? states at lab energies from threshold to 400 MeV. The distortions are represented in a Kisslinger-type optical potential constructed from elementary K⁺-nucleon amplitudes. Total nuclear elastic and reaction K⁺-nucleus cross sections are computed to demonstrate sensitivity to choice in K⁺-nucleon amplitudes. Fermi motion effects are also assessed using a simple averaging procedure. The weak absorption character of the kaon is reflected in the inelastic calculations which predict selective excitation of low spin states at low momentum transfer and high spin states at high momentum transfer.     

Modification of the Fractionated γ-Radiation-Induced Alteration in the Na+/K+-ATPase Activity of Radiosensitive Tissues by Vitamin A

The effect of pre or post-administration of vitamin A in ameliorating the radiation-induced alteration in intestinal and spleen Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity of rats was determined. Rats subjected to multifractionated γ-radiation (20 × 0.5 Gy) over the whole-body showed a significant reduction in Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity being more obvious in spleen than in intestine. Administration of vitamin A at a daily i. p. dose of 15,000 IU/kg bd. wt. for 7 days prior to fractionated γ-irradiation and thereafter twice weekly throughout the exposure period (as pretreatment regimen) or following the end of irradiation for 7 days (as posttreament regimen) afforded a significant protection from radiation-induced inhibition of spleen and intestinal Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity. Even though, pretreatment regimen is more efficient against radiation injury to this enzyme than posttreatment, so that its activity was nearly normalized in the first regimen. The regeneration of normal enzyme activity in the tissues of the vitamin A-pretreated group suggests that the intestinal and spleen epithelia in presence of vitamin A are rendered relatively radioresistant.     

Isospin properties of () reactions for the formation of deeply-bound antikaonic nuclei

The formation of deeply-bound antikaonic nuclear states in nuclear (K⁻,N) reactions is investigated theoretically within a distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA), considering the isospin properties of the Fermi-averaged elementary amplitudes. We calculate the formation cross sections of the deeply-bound states by the (K⁻,N) reactions on the nuclear targets, ¹²C and ²⁸Si, at incident K⁻ lab momentum p_K⁻=1.0 GeV/c and θ_lab=0°, introducing a complex effective nucleon number N_eff for unstable bound states in the DWIA. The results show that the deeply-bound states can be populated dominantly by the (K⁻,n) reaction via the total isoscalar ΔT=0 transition owing to the isospin nature of the amplitudes, and that the cross sections described by ReN_eff and ArgN_eff enable to deduce the structure of the nuclear states; the calculated inclusive nucleon spectra for a deep -nucleus potential do not show distinct peak structure in the bound region. The few-body and states formed in (K⁻,N) reactions on s-shell nuclear targets, ³He, ³H and ⁴He, are also discussed.     

K+-Na+二次离子交换制作玻璃波导

通过数值计算模拟了K⁺Na⁺二次扩散玻璃波导的折射率轮廓,阐述了利用K⁺Na⁺二次离子交换的方法,在BK7玻璃上制作波导的过程,分析了极化率不同的扩散离子对的选择对波导有效折射率变化的影响,以及扩散平衡时体积变化对表面折射率的影响,描述了扩散引起的波导内部诱导应力变化设计了测试波导损耗以及波导表面折射率改变的实验装置,对尺寸10mm×10mm×1.5mm和10mm×5mm×1.5mm两组BK7玻璃基片上的玻璃波导进行了测试,测试结果与理论吻合较好.     

The X2Π and A2Σ+ states of FH+, ClH+ and BrH+: theoretical study of their g -factors and fine/hyperfine structures

Theoretical calculations on the fine, hyperfine and Zeeman (g-factor) parameters are reported for the X²Π and A²Σ⁺ states of FH⁺, ClH⁺ and BrH⁺. The fine-structure constants [spin–orbit (A), Λ-doubling (p, q) and spin–rotation constants (γ _Π, γ _Σ)] are evaluated up to second order (via SO/L couplings with several excited states) using a multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method, a Breit–Pauli Hamiltonian and 6-311++(2d,2pd) basis sets. Hyperfine constants of magnetic and electric type [Frosch–Foley (a, b, c, d) and nuclear quadrupole (eQq ₀, eQq ₂)] are studied with density functional methods and various basis sets. Magnetic dipole moments (parameterized via g-factors) are calculated in second order like the fine structure constants. The situation is somewhat complex for X²Π since no less than five different g’s have to be evaluated in second order. In general, our results are in good agreement with those reported in the literature, mostly limited to the ground state. Our calculations confirm that, at equilibrium, all second-order properties are dominated by the couplings between the electronic states X and A.     

Rotational Analysis of the 1–4 Band of the B 2Σ+–X 2Σ+ System of 14C16O+

ABSTRACT

High-resolution emission spectrum of the 1–4 band of the B ²Σ⁺–X ²Σ⁺ transition of ¹⁴C¹⁶O⁺ was observed for the first time by conventional emission spectroscopy. The band spectrum was excited in a water-cooled Geissler lamp filled with commercial gaseous carbon monoxide enriched in about 80% of the radiocarbon ¹⁴C. A rotational analysis has been carried out and obtained molecular constants have been merged with previously published data for the B ²Σ⁺–A ²Π_i and A ²Π_i–X ²Σ⁺ transitions. The principal equilibrium constants for the ground X ²Σ⁺ state obtained from this work are ω_e = 2121.7726(98), ω_e x _e = 13.9055(27), B _e = 1.815290(30), α_e = 1.6594(33) × 10^?2, and γ_e = ? 0.377(73) × 10^?4 cm^?1. Also, presently known experimental equilibrium molecular constants of the X ²Σ⁺ states of the CO⁺ isotopic molecules are summarized and isotopic dependence of the B _e and ω _e constants is discussed.     

Effect of isoelectronic impurities K<Superscript>+</Superscript> and I<Superscript>−</Superscript> on luminescence of CsBr:Eu<Superscript>2+</Superscript> crystals

We have investigated the photoluminescence (PL) and photostimulated luminescence (PSL) spectra at 300 K to study the effect of isoelectronic impurities K⁺ and I⁻ on the formation and energy structure of Eu²⁺-V_Cs isolated dipole centers and aggregate centers in the form of single crystals of CsEuBr₃ in CsBr:Eu²⁺ single crystals. We have shown that K⁺ and I⁻ impurities in a concentration of 5 mol% do not have a substantial effect on the energy spectrum of isolated dipole centers in CsBr:Eu²⁺ single crystals and the processes for the formation of such centers during growth of CsBr:Eu single crystals from the melt by the Bridgman method. We have established that in Cs_0.95K^0.05Br:Eu²⁺, more favorable conditions are realized for the formation of aggregate centers than in CsBr:Eu²⁺ and CsBr^0.95K^0.05Br:Eu²⁺ single crystals. So in order to improve the storage properties of phosphors based on CsBr:Eu²⁺, in particular for increasing the efficiency of PSL excitation, it is expedient to dope them with K⁺ impurity in a concentration up to 5 mol%. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 5, pp. 627–630, September–October, 2007.     

The B 2Σ+–X 2Σ+ Transition of 12C17O+: The 2‐υ″ Progression

Abstract

Three new bands of the B ²Σ⁺–X ²Σ⁺ system of ¹²C¹⁷O⁺ have been investigated using conventional spectroscopic techniques. The spectra were observed in a graphite hollow‐cathode lamp by discharging molecular oxygen (enriched in about 45% of the ¹⁷O₂ isotope) under 1.0 Torr pressure. The rotational analysis of the 2–4, 2–5, and 2–6 bands was performed with the effective Hamiltonian of Brown (Brown et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. 1979; 74: 294–318). Molecular constants were derived from a merge calculation, including both the current wavenumbers and the spectroscopic data published by the authors previously. The principal equilibrium constants for the ground state of ¹²C¹⁷O⁺ are ω_e=2185.9658(84), ω_e x _e = 14.7674(11), B _e=1.927001(38), α_e=1.8236(22)×10^?2, γ_e=?0.331(28)×10^?4, D _e=6.041(12)×10^?6, β_e=0.100(31)×10^?7 cm^?1, and the equilibrium constants for the excited state are σ_e=45876.499(15), ω_e=1712.201(12), ω_e x _e=27.3528(39), B _e=1.754109(35), α_e=2.8706(57)×10^?2, γ_e = ?1.15(19)×10^?4, D _e=7.491(20)×10^?6, β_e=2.13(12)×10^?7, γ_e = 2.0953(97)×10^?2, and α_γe=?9.46(59)×10^?4 cm^?1, respectively. Rydberg–Klein–Rees potential energy curves were constructed for the B ²Σ⁺ and X ²Σ⁺ states of this molecule, and Franck–Condon factors were calculated for the vibrational bands of the B–X system.     

Resolved photon processes

We review high-energy scattering processes that are sensitive to the hadronic structure of the photon, describing theoretical predictions as well as recent experimental results. These processes include deep-inelastic electron-photon scattering ate ⁺ e ⁻ colliders; and the production of jets, heavy quarks and isolated photons in the collision of real photons ate ⁺ e ⁻ colliders, as well as in photon-photon collisions atep colliders. We also comment on minijet based calculations of totalγp andγγ cross-sections, and discuss the possibility that future lineare ⁺ e ⁻ colliders might produce very large photon fluxes due to the beamstrahlung phenomenon; in the most extreme cases, we predict more than one hadronicγγ event to occur at every bunch crossing.     

CASPT2 study on low-lying states of HBS+ and HSB+ cations

Some low-lying states of the nine-valence-electron systems HBS⁺ and HSB⁺ cations have been studied by large-scale theoretical calculations using three methods CASSCF, CASPT2, and DFT B3LYP with the contracted atomic natural orbital and cc-pVTZ basis sets. The geometries of all stationary points along the potential energy surfaces were optimized and the energies were calculated. The potential energy curves of isomerization reactions between HBS⁺ and HSB⁺ were calculated as a function of HBS bond angle. The calculated results indicated that the ground-state HBS⁺ is linear, while the ground-state HSB⁺ is bent, which is in contradiction to Walsh's rules predicting linear structures for the HXY systems containing 10 or less valency electrons.     

High-resolution emission spectroscopy of the AΠ–XΣ system of AlH

The emission spectrum of the A²Π–X²Σ⁺ system of the AlH⁺ ion was investigated in the range of 27 000–29 000 cm⁻¹ by using a conventional spectroscopic technique. The AlH⁺ molecules were formed and excited in an aluminium hollow-cathode lamp with two anodes, filled with a mixture of Ne carried gas and a trace of NH₃. The emission from the discharge was observed with a plane grating spectrograph and recorded by a photomultiplier tube. The full rotational structure of the 0-0 and 1-1 bands has been observed for the first time (12 branches up to J″ = 36.5) and many new constants of the X²Σ⁺ state have been derived from the analysis. For the A²Π, v = 0 and 1 state a considerable irregularities of the Λ-doubling have been observed. The most reasonable explanation for this anomaly is an interaction with unstableness rotational levels of X²Σ⁺ state and perturbing of the A²Π state by the nearly lyingB²Σ⁺ state.     

Theoretical study of the electronic states and transition dipole moments of the LiK molecule

The adiabatic potential energy, the spectroscopic constants and the transition dipole moments of the lowest electronic states of the LiK⁺ molecule, dissociating into Li(2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, and 4p) + K⁺ and Li⁺ + K(4s, 4p, 5s, 3d, 5p, 4d, and 6s), have been investigated. We have used an ab initio approach involving a non-empirical pseudopotential for the Li (1s²) and K (1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶) cores and core valence correlation correction. A very good agreement has been obtained for the ground state for the spectroscopic constants with the available theoretical works. The transition dipole moment from X²Σ, 2²Σ, 3²Σ, and 4²Σ states to higher excited states have been determined. Numerous avoided crossing between electronic states of ²Σ and ²Π symmetries, have been localised and analysed. Their existences are related to the charge transfer process between the two ionic systems Li⁺K and LiK⁺.     

Two-neutrino double β decay of96Zr to excited 2+ state of96Mo

The two-neutrino double beta decay of⁹⁶Zr isotope for 0⁺ → 2⁺ transition has been studied in the PHFB model. In our earlier work, the reliability of the intrinsic wave functions of⁹⁶Zr and⁹⁶Mo isotopes has been established by obtaining an overall agreement between a number of theoretically calculated spectroscopic properties as well as half-lives of 2vββ decay for 0⁺ → 0⁺ transition and the available experimental data. In the present work, the half-life of 2vββ decay for 0⁺ ar 2⁺ transition T ₁ ^2/2v (0⁺ →²⁺) has been calculated using the same set of intrinsic wave functions.     

N2O+离子A2Σ+电子态高振动能级的转动结构分析

利用一束波长为36055nm的激光,通过(3+1)共振多光子电离方法制备纯净的且处于X²Π_1/2,3/2(000)态的N₂O⁺离子,用另一束激光激发所制备的离子到第一电子激发态A²Σ⁺的不同振动能级,然后解离,通过检测解离碎片NO⁺强度随光解光波长的变化,得到了转动分辨的N₂ 关键词： 2O⁺离子A²Σ⁺电子态')" href="#">N₂O⁺离子A²Σ⁺电子态 共振增强多光子电离 光解碎片激发光谱 光谱常数     

Convoy electrons produced at glancing angle scattering of MeV HeH+ ions from a crystal surface

Abstract

Convoy electrons produced at glancing angle scattering of MeV HeH⁺ ions from an atomically clean (001) surface of SnTe crystal are observed. Energy spectrum of the convoy electrons shows a peak broader than that at scattering of atomic projectiles and the most probable energy of convoy electrons at HeH⁺ scattering is larger than those at scattering of isotachic He ions. This acceleration of convoy electrons is qualitatively explained by the force due to surface wake induced by Coulomb exploding fragment He²⁺ and H⁺.