斜入射分层线性各向异性等离子体电磁散射时域有限差分方法分析

提出了斜入射分层线性各向异性等离子体电磁散射的时域有限差分(FDTD)方法,通过将二维麦克斯韦方程等价地转换为一维麦克斯韦方程,避免了用二维时域有限差分方法分析该散射问题,极大地提高了计算效率.分析推导了TEz和TMz波斜入射线性分层各向异性等离子体电磁散射的FDTD方法,然后通过该方法计算不同入射角的各向异性等离子板的电磁波反射系数,并与其解析解进行比较,结果表明该方法的准确性和有效性.最后,将该算法应用于计算涂覆分层各向异性等离子体金属板在不同入射角下的反射系数,分析了不同入射角对反射系数的影响.     

球面电磁波斜入射建筑物内场的数值分析

为了分析窄带电磁脉冲源近、远场辐照大型建筑物内部空间电磁场分布特点,采用时域有限差分方法,对比分析平面波、球面波场源正面斜入射多层多单元建筑物的计算结果,并较为全面地分析了各房间各水平面中心电场强度幅值、各层各水平面电场强度最大值分布情况。建筑物各层相对应高度面上场强分布近似,在电磁波传播方向上窗户房间内部区域场强较强,两种波场源入射结果基本一致;在其余区域场强较弱,特别是在较大空间内的区域,球面波场源入射下场强相对更弱。其中通过与待模拟建筑物外形相紧凑性匹配的球面波场源构建,模拟仿真了窄带球面电磁波在真空空间的辐射传播,计算结果验证所构建球面波近场源准确可行。     

Ce∶KNSBN晶体中光扇效应的响应时间特性研究

以单束光入射Ce∶KNSBN晶体,系统研究了不同入射光波长下,Ce∶KNSBN晶体中光扇效应的响应时间随入射光强度及光入射角的变化情况.结果显示,相同的入射光强度及光入射角下,入射光波长较短时,光扇效应到达稳态的时间较短.相同的入射光强度下,随光入射角的增大,响应时间先减小后增大,但不同波长入射光下,最小值对应的光入射角不同,入射光波长为532 nm时,响应时间最小值对应的θ为15°;入射光波长为632.8 nm时,对应的θ为15.5°.同时研究发现,入射光强度逐渐增大的过程中,响应时间在逐渐减小.     

斜入射离子束辅助沉积对类金刚石薄膜结构影响的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学（MD）模拟方法,从原子尺度上研究了离子束辅助沉积（IBAD）类金刚石（DLC）薄膜过程中离子束入射角对薄膜结构的影响.重点讨论了不同的离子束入射角所对应的薄膜表面模型,平均密度和sp³键含量.结果表明,离子束斜入射加强了入射原子的水平动能,从而加强了原子水平迁移;Ar离子斜入射时C原子迁移率均比垂直入射大,薄膜密度和sp³键含量都比垂直入射小.不同的离子束入射角随着到达比和入射能的变化,对薄膜结构的影响不同.离子束斜入射时可以得到不同结构的膜. 关键词： 类金刚石薄膜 入射角 离子束辅助沉积 分子动力学模拟     

基于光谱特征点秩和检验的稻曲病发病程度检测

利用无人机航拍获得稻田高光谱图像并计算特征点的归一化植被指数(NDVI),通过NDVI值秩和检验的方法对稻曲病发病程度进行检测。在中国水稻研究基地选取28块面积相同的相邻水稻试验区,采用4种不同农田管理方式,分别为自然生长和喷洒3种不同农药,每种管理方式有7个不同播种日期,相邻地块前后播种日期相差1周,依次递减,每个区域种植水稻500株左右。在稻曲病发病盛期,先实地调查水稻的发病状况,根据单位面积内稻穗的发病数目得到发病指数。然后用无人机载高光谱相机拍摄试验田得到所有试验区的高光谱图。对各个高光谱图像进行高质量拼接,得到完整的覆盖整个试验区域的高光谱图像。对光谱数据预处理后从中提取最能反映稻曲病发病程度的归一化植被指数,用箱型图清洗数据以去除异常值,对不同水稻试验区的NDVI值进行秩和检验,第一步对总样本进行秩和检验,验证各组样本中是否有显著差异,确定差异性来源于何组样本;第二步对4组样本排列组合共得到11组不同组合方式的待检验样本,对这11组样本数据分别进行秩和检验。每组得到的显著性水平均远<0.01,说明不同组间的样本数据存在极显著差异,反映出此方法用于稻曲病发病程度检测的合理性。为了显示不同发病区域,用不同的颜色对不同的稻曲病发病程度的种植区域进行标注。最后以大田水稻发病指数作为对照组,与秩和检测的结果进行比对,结果表明秩和检验对稻曲病的发病程度检测有可行性。     

Photonic properties of metallic-mean quasiperiodic chains

The light propagation through a stack of two media with different refractive indices, which are aligned according to different quasiperiodic sequences determined by metallic means, is studied using the transfer matrix method. The focus lies on the investigation of the influence of the underlying quasiperiodic sequence as well as the dependence of the transmission on the frequency, the incidence angle of the light wave and different ratios of the refractive indices. In contrast to a periodically aligned stack we find complete transmission for the quasiperiodic systems for a wide range of different refractive indices for small incidence angles. Additional bands of moderate transmission occur for frequencies in the range of the photonic band gaps of the periodic system. Further, for fixed indices of refraction we find a range of almost perfect transmission for angles close to the angle of total reflection, which is caused by the bending of photonic transmission bands towards higher frequencies for increasing incidence angles. Comparing with the results of a periodic stack the quasiperiodicity seems to have only an influence in the region around the midgap frequency of a periodic stack.     

Transmission of a spherical sound wave through a single-leaf wall: Mass law for spherical wave incidence

This paper examines the sound insulation of a single-leaf wall driven by a spherical wave. The transmitted sound field of an infinite elastic plate under a spherical wave incidence is theoretically analyzed and insulation mechanisms are considered. The displacement of the plate is formulated using the Hankel transform in wavenumber space and the transmitted sound pressure in the far-field is obtained by Rayleigh’s formula in an explicit closed form. Moreover, a reduction index is also derived in a closed form by introducing an approximation into the vibration characteristics of the plate. Deterioration of the insulation performance under the spherical wave incidence is caused by an apparent decrease of wall impedance that depends on the directivity of the transmitted sound wave. The mass law for a spherical wave incidence is different from that for a normal plane wave incidence: doubling the weight of the wall or the frequency gives an increase of 3 dB (c.f. 6 dB for a normal plane wave incidence), which is also smaller than the field incidence mass law.     

Die Polarisation der Fluoreszenz organischer Szintillationskristalle bei Anregung durchα-Strahlen

The polarisation of the fluorescence spectra of the organic scintillation crystals naphthalene, anthracene, terphenyl, quaterphenyl and stilbene is measured by excitation with α-particles. The measurements are carried out with thin crystal plates of different crystallographic orientation and for different angles of incidence of α-particles. Careful experiments showed that the polarisation values of anthracene do not depend on the angle of incidence of α-particles. A simple model is proposed for explaining the results and the polarisation values are discussed and compared with corresponding values of UV-investigations of other authors.     

Scattering of on-axis polarized Gaussian light beam by spheroidal water coating aerosol particle

Small particle light scattering can produce light with polarization characteristics different from those of the incident beam. An analytical solution to the scattering by a spheroid with inclusion for an on-axis polarized Gaussian beam incidence is provided within the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory framework. The shapes of the inclusion can be spherical, confocal spheroid, or non-confocal spheroid. The Muller scattering matrix elements are computed for plane wave incidence or Gaussian light beam incidence. The effect of the size and shape of the inclusion or the coating on the polarized Oaussian light scattering characteristics by a spheroidal water coating aerosol Darticle are commlted and a,nalvzed.     

计算机模拟双层矩形位相光栅的实时变分束特征

双层矩形光栅随入射角的不同可得到不同数目的光束。基于这一现象，通过改变双层光栅的入射角，并对其进行优化就可得到效率高且光强分布均匀的光束。对利用双层矩形相位光栅实时变分束特征制作新型分束器的方法进行了理论探讨，并对2束、3束、4束光分束分别进行了分析。通过计算机模拟，从理论上求出了优化参数，并对结果进行了讨论。理论分析表明， 通过对入射角进行优化可以得到衍射效率高且光强分布均匀的分束器。该研究为制作方便实用、造价低廉的分束器提供了理论基础。     

形体细胞的MCEM模型及其光散射分布特征

针对光散射细胞微粒测量中真实形体细胞的取向对测量结果的影响问题，基于Rayleigh-Debye-Gans理论和双椭球核式(CEM)模型在应用中的差异，建立了CEM的修正模型(MCEM)，根据此模型系统讨论了细胞在不同入射角变化情况下其光散射强度分布所产生的变化，得到了不同入射角下有核细胞光散射强度分布与有核细胞相关物理特征量的动态响应关系；此外，对有核细胞光散射强度分布进行拟合，得到了有核细胞光散射强度分布函数。误差分析表明：拟合结果可有效地应用于真实细胞光散射测量中的数值反演计算。     

Design of anisotropic reflector with birefringent thin films

A novel design for dielectric anisotropic mirrors with birefringent thin films for normal incidence is presented. This mirror consists of a stack of quarter-wave biaxial layers. The biaxial anisotropic layers can be fabricated by oblique deposition. The reflectance is different for two linear polarizations of light incidence on the mirrors. As a numerical example, the design is carried out on glass with TiO2 and ZrO2. These thin films could be applied to anisotropic reflective devices for lasers.     

叶片扩压器进口安装角对离心压缩机性能影响的数值与实验研究

对不同扩压器进口安装角下离心压缩机的性能进行了实验研究,并详细计算分析了相应的流场分布。分析表明, 不同的进口安装角对压缩机的流动有较大的影响,压缩机的性能曲线也有不同程度的左右偏移;进口处较大的正冲角和负冲角均会在扩压器叶片表面出现大尺度的分离涡团;在给定的流量工况下,应存在一个最佳的进口安装角,使得扩压器效率最高;设计工况下,最高效率所对应的冲角并非为零。     

Oblique incidence effect on steering efficiency of liquid crystal polarization gratings used for optical phased array beam steering amplification

A liquid crystal polarization grating (LCPG) is proposed that amplifies the steering angle of a liquid crystal optical phased array for non-mechanical beam steering, taking advantage of its high steering efficiency under normal incidence. However, oblique incidence may play an important role in the overall steering efficiency. The effect of oblique incidence on steering efficiency of a LCPG was analyzed by numerically solving the extended Jones matrix and considering propagation crosstalk. The results indicate that the outgoing laser beam is amplitude-modulated under the effect of oblique incidence and behaves as a sinusoidal-modulated amplitude grating, which diffracts certain energies to non-blazed orders. Over-oblique incidence may even eliminate the steering effect of the incident beam. The modulation depth of the induced amplitude grating was found to be proportional to the product of sinusoidal value of oblique incidence angle and the LC layer thickness, and inversely proportional to the periodic pitch length of the LCPG. Both in-plane incidence and out-of-plane incidence behave similarly to influence the steering efficiency. Finally, the overall steering efficiency for cascaded LCPGs was analyzed and a difference of up to 11 % steering efficiency can be induced between different LCPG configurations, even without considering the over-oblique incidence effect. Both the modulation depth and final steering efficiency can be optimized by varying the LC birefringence and layer thickness.     

基于M-Z干涉仪原理的光纤超声检测

提出了一种基于M_Z(Mach_Zehnder)干涉仪原理的光纤超声检测技术和U形结构的光纤传感器。讨论了光纤传感器与超声波之间的相互作用关系。对传感器的灵敏度与传感光纤的有效长度、U形结构的个数之间的关系进行了理论分析,实验结果和理论分析结果是一致的。通过比较超声波在三种不同入射方式下探测器的输出电压可知,该结构的光纤传感器在声信号垂直入射时由探测器探测到的信号最强,即传感器有很强的方向性,适合于对声表面波的定向检测。     

Study on the shadowing effect for optical wave scattering from randomly rough surface

Based on the Kirchhoff approximation for rough surface scattering and by calculating the shadowing function of the rough surface, the formula of the scattering cross section of the dielectric rough surface is presented with consideration of the shadowing effect for the optical wave incidence. It is obtained that in comparison with the conventional Kirchhoff solution, the shadowing effect should not be neglected for the optical wave scattering from the rough surface. The influence of the shadowing effect for different incidence angle, surface root mean square slope, and surface roughness on the scattering cross section is discussed in detail.     

分扇区水泥胶结测井胶结质量的定量评价研究*

为了实现分扇区水泥胶结测井仪(SBT)对第二界面(水泥-地层界面)的检测,本文在SBT的声系结构基础上,通过优化声源入射角提出检测水泥胶结质量的新方法。本文首先分析了不同充液条件下薄壁管激发的模态波频散特征;之后应用三维有限差分算法模拟薄壁管和实际套管井在斜入射声源激励下的声场,由计算结果提出激励速度"平台"上的模态有利于检测界面胶结质量;最后通过一系列波场模拟与分析来论证应用接收信号定量评价一二界面胶结质量的可行性。结果表明,特定的入射角可激励出对应速度"平台"处的模态,该模态波的特征较好的体现在接收信号中,可利用其幅度衰减程度判断水泥的胶结质量。该成果为套管井二界面水泥胶结质量的定量检测提供了研究基础。     

Tunable electronic transmission gaps in a graphene superlattice

The transmission in graphene superlattices with adjustable barrier height is investigated using transfer-matrix method. It is found that one could control the angular range of transmission by changing the ratio of incidence energy and barrier height. The transmission as a function of incidence energy has more than one gaps, due to the appearance of evanescent waves in different barriers. Accordingly, more than one conductivity minimums are induced. The transmission gaps could be controlled by adjusting the incidence angle, the barrier height, and the barrier number, which gives the possibility to construct an energy-dependent wavevector filter.     

离轴照明下依赖于入射角度的矢量霍普金斯公式

应用矢量电磁场理论和波导模型推导出离轴照明下的矢量霍普金斯公式,与传统的标量霍普金斯公式不同之处在于引入了入射角及入射方位角. 通过仿真实际投影光刻工艺下三维掩模的成像效果,分析了最佳入射角范围,讨论了离轴照明时入射角对最终成像质量的影响. 关键词： 光学光刻 矢量霍普金斯公式 矢量电磁场理论 离轴照明     

体积全息图中光子禁带结构性质的分析

利用光子晶体的概念和方法，从理论上分析了一维全息图在再现光以不同角度入射情况下禁带结构的性质。分析表明，当再现光非正入射时，体积全息图的禁带结构是倾斜的，正入射时的非倾斜结构是倾斜结构的一个特例。