Morphology,Phase Composition,and Properties of Nanosized Particles of Gallium Ferrite,Synthesized by Chemical Combustion

Crystallography Reports - Gallium ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized by chemical combustion. The morphology, phase composition, and magnetic properties of particles have been studied using...     

成份对BCN薄膜结构和纳米力学性能的影响

利用直流磁控溅射技术制备了三元BCN薄膜,通过在100~500 mA之间调节励磁线圈电流,获得了不同成分的BCN薄膜。分析结果表明随着励磁线圈电流的增加,薄膜中B含量由43 at%上升至53 at%,C含量由25 at%下降至15 at%,而N原子百分含量基本不随励磁线圈电流的改变而变化。随着B含量不断增加,C含量不断减少,薄膜中B-C键含量逐渐减少,而B-N键含量相应增加,并且薄膜中类BC3.4的B-C键逐渐向类B4C的B-C键转化。薄膜中B和C含量的变化对薄膜的力学性能影响不明显,薄膜纳米硬度位于17.0~20.4 GPa之间,弹性模量位于161.0~197.3 GPa之间。     

Specific Features of the Structure and Properties of High-Temperature Oxide Materials Based on Bismuth Sodium Titanate

Crystallography Reports - Single-phase ceramic samples from the region of morphotropic phase boundary in the (1–x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–xBaTiO3 and...     

Single Crystal Growth and Electrical Properties of Gallium Monotelluride

Single crystals of GaTe were prepared in our laboratory by a special modified Bridgman technique method. Measurements of the electrical conductivity and Hall effect between 210 and 450 K were carried out on GaTe samples in two crystallographic directions. The Hall coefficient is positive and varies with the crystallographic direction. A unique mobility behaviour and strong anistropy in the carrier mobility were observed. The Hall mobilities parallel and perpendicular to the C-axis, at room temperature, were 12 cm/V · s and 25.12 cm²/V ·s, respectively. The free carrier concentration lies between 10¹³ − 10¹⁴ cm⁻³ at room temperature.     

还原氮化温度对氮化铌纳米管组成、结构与电化学性能影响研究

以铌箔为基底,用阳极氧化法结合氨气还原氮化法制备出氮化铌纳米管,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电镜(SEM)等结构表征手段和循环伏安法(CV)、充放电(GCD)和交流阻抗法(EIS)等电化学测试手段研究了还原氮化温度对纳米管的物相、形貌以及电化学性能的影响。结果表明,还原氮化后出现了氮化铌物相,以氧氮化铌固溶体形式存在,当还原氮化温度为700℃时,氮化铌纳米管阵列结构均匀,纳米管的孔内径约为35 nm,管壁厚度约为12 nm,纳米管长度约为1.5μm,样品中内在阻抗和电荷转移电阻较小,在电流密度为0.1 mA/cm²时,其比电容为400μF/cm²。     

重质稀土金属碘酸钠盐的设计、合成与非线性光学性能研究

通过等价金属离子同位替换的分子设计策略,合成了五个含有重质稀土元素的碘酸钠盐NaRE(IO3)4(RE=Dy,Ho,Er,Yb,Lu),采用单晶衍射技术测定了它们的晶体结构,该系列化合物互为异质同构体,隶属于非中心对称的单斜晶系,Cc空间群.采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱、热失重分析、倍频效应测试等手段表征了它们的线性和非线性光学性质及其热稳定性.该系列化合物的二阶非线性光学效应表现出非常明显的差异,倍频效应在0.1 ～3.3×KDP之间且能够相位匹配;它们的光学带隙均大于3.85 eV,热分解温度达到520℃以上.     

Reactions Occurring in Gels of Lithium Tetraalkyl Borates Promoted by Supermolecular Structure of Complexes

As Li[BOR'(OR)₃] and Li[B(OR)₄] complexes, where R’ and R are alkyls of iso- and normal structure, are formed from boron alkoxides and lithium in solutions of low dielectric permittivity, they are involved in autocatalytic polyassociation to give viscoelastic systems (gels) possessing a mechanical memory [1].     

氧化钽薄膜的结构、成份和介电性能研究

采用直流磁控反应溅射技术制备氧化钽薄膜,重点研究了溅射气体中Ar:O2比例和退火温度对样品的结构.成份和介电性能的影响.XRD、XPS和介电谱分析表明:Ar:O2比例对薄膜的结晶性能和薄膜中O/Ta原子比有较大影响,但对薄膜的介电性能没有明显的影响.900℃退火后,XRD谱中出现明显的β-Ta2O5(001)和(200)衍射峰;介电损耗谱表明介质的损耗是由微弱的电导产生的,漏电电流在损耗中占主导地位.     

Optical Properties of Thick Zinc Oxide Films Doped with Gallium and Gold

Crystallography Reports - Samples of thick (30–32 µm) films of pure and gallium- and gold-doped zinc oxide obtained by magnetron sputtering using an uncooled target have been...     

高性能铁磁性微晶玻璃析晶机理及磁性研究

以白云鄂博东尾矿及粉煤灰等固体废弃物为主要原料制备得到了性能优异的微晶玻璃.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)及高分辨率透射电镜(HRTEM)等测试手段揭示了微晶玻璃的形核及析晶过程.结果表明,热处理过程中磁铁矿晶核首先析出,主晶相辉石相可在磁铁矿晶核上生长.通过调整氧化铁含量可改变微晶玻璃的析晶、物化及磁学特性.随氧化铁含量的增加,微晶玻璃的析晶特性及物化性能均有所降低,但磁学特性有所提高.在高氧化铁含量的微晶玻璃中,磁铁矿相与辉石相可以同时存在,微晶玻璃的磁性主要来源于磁铁矿相.     

The Thermal Conductivity of Monocrystalline Gallium Garnets Doped with Rare-Earth Elements and Chromium in the Range 6–300 K

The effect of the additions of rare-earth elements Nd, Sm, Eu and Tb on the thermal conductivity of gadolinium-gallium garnets and besides the influence of the joint doping with Nd and Cr on the thermal conductivity of gadolinium-gallium and more compound gadolinium-scandium-gallium, gadolinium-magnesium-zirconium-gallium and yttrium-scandium-gallium garnets have been investigated.     

基础成分配比对白云鄂博尾矿微晶玻璃结构及性能的影响

以白云鄂博二次选后尾矿和粉煤灰为主要原料,采用熔融法制备得到了CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系尾矿微晶玻璃.制备流程包括熔融、退火、核化及晶化过程.其中玻璃熔融温度为1450℃,核化温度为720℃,晶化温度为850℃.利用XRD研究了基础玻璃成分配比对微晶玻璃结构的影响.结果表明基础玻璃成分配比直接决定微晶玻璃的主晶相形成.随着基础玻璃成分配比的变化,微晶玻璃可能形成辉石相、钙长石相、镁铁尖晶石相或磁铁矿相.当其他元素固定,CaO/MgO和CaO/Al2O3比值的减小会导致微晶玻璃由辉石相转变为镁铁尖晶石相和钙长石相.而当SiO2/CaO比值大于2时,主晶相则由辉石相转变为磁铁矿相.DTA测试结果表明CaO有利于析晶温度的降低,而MgO、Al2O3和SiO2相对提高了析晶温度.力学性能测试表明抗折强度、密度、耐酸碱度与微晶玻璃主晶相有直接关系.主晶相为辉石相的微晶玻璃具有更高的抗折强度、密度和耐酸性.     

铁酸铋微晶玻璃的析晶行为及介电性能研究

采用整体析晶法制备了铁酸铋微晶玻璃,通过XRD、DSC、FT-IR、Raman、SEM与电性能测试,研究了不同熔融温度对微晶玻璃的物相组成、微观结构及介电性能的影响.研究结果表明,不同熔融温度的微晶玻璃由非晶态的Bi2O3、Fe2O3和晶态的BiFeO3、Bi2Fe4O9组成.在较低的熔融温度时,微晶玻璃中还存在晶态的Bi2O3.在较高的熔融温度时,存在Bi25FeO40相.1070℃熔融的微晶玻璃于600℃晶化12h后,晶粒尺寸均匀,相比于BiFeO3陶瓷具有更高的介电常数(～ 100),更低的介电损耗(～0.14).铁酸铋微晶玻璃特殊的结构降低了漏导电流,测得饱和的电滞回线,饱和极化强度为1.0 μC/cm2.     

Morphology and Structure of Thermally Induced Microdefects in High-Temperature Treated Czochralski-Silicon

The morphology and structure of amorphous precipitates grown by thermal annealing in the temperature range from 1100 °C to 1200 °C are investigated by means of highvoltage electron microscopy. It is shown that there exist some characteristic morphological types which are equivalent to the equilibrium forms of the cubic diamond structure itself or which can be derived from these. For the growth process an oxygen diffusion-controlled mechanism is deduced. Structural aspects are discussed on the basis of this mechanism.     

Structure,Crystallization and Electrochemical Corrosion Behaviour of Amorphous Cu66Ti34 Alloy

The effect of thermally induced structural changes on electrochemical corrosion behaviour of amorphous Cu₆₆Ti₃₄ alloy is studied using electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization technique in conjunction with XRD, TEM and DTA. The heat treatment has been carried out at two temperatures: 300 °C — where the process of structural relaxation is only possible and 500 °C — where crystallization of the alloy occurs. As model corrosive media 1N H₂SO₄ and 1N HNO₃ solutions are used. The short range order of the amorphous samples is studied with the total pair correlation function. Some changes of the interatomic distances and a tendency to increasing of the density of the amorphous structure after low temperature heating are established. The crystallization leads to formation of Cu₃Ti₂, β-Cu₃Ti and Cu₂Ti crystalline phases. It has been found that structural relaxation may have a beneficial effect on the susceptibility of the amorphous alloy to passivation, while crystallization lowers considerably its corrosion resistance.     

Ge覆盖层诱导晶化多晶Si薄膜的晶化特性研究

采用电子束蒸发技术在衬底温度为180℃条件下生长具有Ge覆盖层的非晶Si薄膜,并于500℃、600℃、700℃真空退火5h.采用Raman散射、X射线衍射(XRD)、全自动数字式显微镜等对所制备薄膜的晶化特性进行研究.结果表明,Ge覆盖层具有诱导非晶Si薄膜晶化的作用,且随着退火温度的升高a-Si薄膜晶化越显著.具有Ge覆盖层非晶薄膜经500℃退火5h沿Si(400)方向开始晶化,对应晶粒尺寸约为4.9 nm.将退火温度升高到700℃时,非晶硅薄膜几乎全部晶化,晶化多晶Si薄膜在Si(400)方向表现出很强的择优取向特性,晶粒尺寸高达23.3μm.与相同条件下制备的无Ge覆盖层的非晶Si薄膜相比,晶化温度降低了300℃.     

氧化硅/莫来石陶瓷型芯的析晶行为及性能研究

采用电熔莫来石、烧结莫来石作为硅基陶瓷型芯的矿化剂,制备了氧化硅/莫来石陶瓷型芯,并与未添加矿化剂的陶瓷型芯进行对比。相比于电熔莫来石,烧结莫来石中碱金属、碱土金属杂质含量较高,对石英玻璃的析晶促进作用明显,显著降低了陶瓷型芯的结晶活化能,但过多的杂质作为网络修饰体增大了陶瓷型芯的高温变形。而电熔莫来石既可以在一定程度上促进石英玻璃析晶,还可以提高型芯的高温抗变形能力。加入10wt%电熔莫来石的陶瓷型芯收缩率为0.73%,气孔率30.5%,室温强度18.9 MPa,高温蠕变0.3 mm,能够满足空心叶片的浇注需求。     

InSeI单晶的制备及其结构与性能研究

利用化学气相传输法(CVT)制备了InSeI单晶。该晶体为黄色的针状物,晶体较脆。在室温下进行X射线衍射分析发现,其属于四方晶系,晶胞参数为a=b=1.864 3(5) nm,c=1.012 0(3) nm,V=3.517 2 nm³,空间群为I4₁/a。紫外可见光吸收光谱、光致发光光谱等结果显示该晶体的禁带宽度是2.48 eV,在一定波段光的激发下,InSeI单晶在600 nm左右有较宽的发射峰,表明该晶体的发光方式为缺陷态发光。介电温谱表明InSeI单晶在440 K时其四方相的结构发生了相变。     

钴有机膦酸配合物的合成、晶体结构及吸附性能

采用水热法合成得到一个具有三维孔道结构的钴有机膦酸配合物[Co2(4-pna) (OH)(4,4'-bpy)]·5H2O (1)(4-pnaH3=4-甲酸-1-萘膦酸,4,4'-bpy=4,4'-联吡啶).配合物1的组成和结构通过单晶X-ray衍射、元素分析、红外光谱、热重等方法进行了表征.单晶X-ray衍射研究表明,配合物1结晶于正交晶系,Pbcn空间群,每一个不对称单元包含两个独立的CoⅡ离子、一个4-pna3-有机膦酸配体、一个羟基、一个4,4'-bpy和五个晶格水分子.相邻的钴离子之间通过O-P-O单元、μ3-O(P)桥、μ3-O(H)桥及O-C-O单元连接沿着a-轴方向形成一维波形无机链,无机链之间分别通过第二配体4,4'-联吡啶端基氮原子和4-pna3-有机膦酸配体氧原子相连形成三维开放孔道结构,结晶水分子通过氢键作用填充在孔道内.吸附性质研究表明,配合物1具有良好的二氧化碳吸附能力.     

纳米金刚石的结构、光学性能和热稳定性研究

纳米金刚石兼具纳米材料和金刚石的双重特性,呈现出与微米金刚石、块体金刚石截然不同的特点。本文以不同尺寸金刚石样品为研究对象,采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、光谱学、热重分析技术对其结构、光学性能和热稳定性进行研究。结果显示样品尺寸分别为300 μm、30 μm和100 nm,大尺寸样品结晶质量较好,富含孤氮杂质,为Ⅰb型金刚石。纳米金刚石样品结晶较差,含有少量石墨残留,并含有H₂O、N—H和C—H键,说明其表面存在诸多有机活性基团。大尺寸金刚石样品存在中性和带负电荷的氮空位缺陷,产生较强荧光,而纳米金刚石由于存在诸多的有机基团和表面缺陷,形成非辐射中心,导致荧光猝灭。大尺寸样品在300~525 nm具有较强吸收,而纳米金刚石样品在紫外-可见-近红外整个区域均呈现出较强吸收,透过率显著较低。随着颗粒尺寸的减小,金刚石的起始氧化温度逐渐下降,氧化速率降低,因此大颗粒尺寸金刚石样品具有更好的热稳定性。