分离比对混合流体Rayleigh-Bénard对流解的影响

混合流体Rayleigh-Bénard对流是研究非平衡对流的非线性动力学特性的典型模型之一.基于流体力学方程组的数值模拟,首先探讨了矩形腔体中具有强Soret效应(分离比Ψ=-0.60)的混合流体行波对流的分叉特性及斑图演化,沿着分叉曲线的上部分支,随着相对瑞利数的增加,此系统依次出现了局部行波对流、具有缺陷的行波对流、行波对流、摆动行波对流及定常对流5种行波对流解.然后,研究了分离比Ψ对对流解的影响,与弱Soret效应(Ψ=-0.11)时的对流解相比较,强Soret效应(Ψ=-0.60)时出现的对流解更丰富.由于有强Soret效应的对流的复杂性,Ψ=-0.60时的对流解与Ψ=-0.20,-0.4时的对流解不同.     

由单负材料组成的含有缺陷层的一维光子晶体结构中的缺陷模

用转移矩阵方法研究了由单负材料组成的含有缺陷层的一维光子晶体的透射特性.研究结果表明:当缺陷层存在时,会在原有光子晶体的禁带中出现缺陷模.缺陷模的位置随杂质层磁导率μ的增加从禁带的高频端向低频端移动;但随杂质层介电常数ε的增加却从禁带的低频端向高频端移动.利用该特性可以实现对光传播的动态调控. 关键词： 单负材料 光子晶体 缺陷模     

高压拉曼光谱方法研究联苯分子费米共振

测量了0—15 GPa压强下联苯分子的拉曼光谱. 结果表明,随压强增加,分子内和分子间π-π共轭和离域效应增强,谱线的绝对强度变大、蓝移. 联苯分子的两费米共振谱线强度比R_f/a减少,频率差Δ增加,当压强为8 GPa时,费米共振现象消失,利用Betran理论得出了固有频率差Δ₀和耦合系数ω随压强的变化关系,通过高压下相变进行了解释,并探讨了高压下费米共振耦合变弱的机理. 关键词： 联苯 费米共振 高压 拉曼光谱     

镁基合金自由枝晶生长的相场模拟研究

利用定量相场模型, 以Mg-0.5 wt.%Al合金为例模拟了基面((0001)面)内镁基合金的等温自由枝晶生长过程. 通过研究该合金体系数值模拟的收敛性, 获得了最优化值耦合参数λ = 5.5及网格宽度Δx/W₀ = 0.4, 并在该参数下系统研究了各向异性强度和过饱和度对枝晶尖端生长速度、尖端曲率半径、Péclet数及稳定性常数σ^* 的影响. 结果表明, 由微观可解性理论得到的稳定性系数σ^* 与ε₆ 拟合值σ^*≅ ε₆ ^1.81905, 更接近理想值σ ^* (ε₆) ≅ε₆ ^1.75. 此外, 当过饱和度Ω < 0.6时, 稳定性系数σ ^* 不随ε₆ 的变化而变化, 而当Ω > 0.6时, 稳定性系数σ ^* 随着ε₆ 的增加而减小. 这反映了枝晶的生长由扩散控制向动力学控制的转变. 随着过饱和度的增加, 枝晶形貌由雪花状枝晶向圆状枝晶转变.     

色散补偿光子晶体光纤结构参数对其色散的影响

光子晶体光纤由于其灵活可调的色散特性用作色散补偿具有极大的应用潜力. 设计了一种色散补偿光子晶体光纤, 并运用频域有限差分法模拟了其色散特性,从理论上分析了其结构参数孔间距Λ和空气占空比d/Λ对该光子晶体光纤的色散系数的影响, 并且实际制备出了3种不同结构参数的光子晶体光纤. 通过对其色散曲线对比分析表明: 当光子晶体光纤孔间距在1 μm附近时, 其色散系数随着孔间距Λ和占空比d/Λ的增大而增加, 但对于孔间距Λ的变化比占空比d/Λ更为敏感, 并且随着孔间距Λ的增加,其对色散系数的影响能力逐渐减小. 设计并制备的光子晶体光纤在1550 nm处的色散系数为-241.5 ps·nm^-1·km^-1, 相对色散斜率为0.0018, 具有较好的色散补偿能力. 关键词： 色散 色散补偿 光子晶体光纤 结构参数     

Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard流动中对流斑图的分区和成长

采用SIMPLE算法对二维流体力学基本方程组进行了数值模拟,研究了Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard流动中对流斑图的分区、成长及水平流动对不同斑图特征物理量的影响.结果表明,上下临界雷诺数Re_u,Re_l将流动分成三个区域,即行波区、局部行波区、水平流区.Re_u和Re_l随着相对瑞利数r的增大而增大.在对流斑图的成长阶段,三种斑图随时间的成长过程是不同的,但对流圈都是从下游区开始成长;特征物理量随着时间的变化也是不同的,行波对流和局部行波对流的最大垂直流速wmax和努塞尔数Nu经过指数增长阶段后进入周期变化的稳定阶段;水平流斑图的w_(max)和Nu经过缓慢增长后又缓慢降到稳定值.三种斑图的w_(max)和Nu随雷诺数Re增大而减小,不同斑图区域有不同的变化规律.本文给出了Re_u和Re_l随r的变化关系式及不同斑图的w_(max)和Nu随着Re的变化关系式.     

水平流作用下行波对流的成长及周期性重复

数值模拟研究了在极其微弱的水平流动作用下，混合流体Rayleigh-Benard对流系统一 维行波斑图的成长及其时空演化问题.揭示了系统行波对流的周期性现象及其对水平流动强 度的依赖性. 关键词： 时空斑图 混合流体对流 水平流     

周期力调制噪声驱动下单模激光系统的多重随机共振

在周期力调制噪声驱动下单模激光系统的光强方程中加入调幅波, 用线性化近似方法计算了系统的光强关联函数和输出信噪比, 并对信噪比进行数值计算和分析, 发现低频调制频率Ω、高频载波频率ω和周期力频率Ω_λ对系统的输出信噪比有很大的影响. 具体表现为信噪比R 随低频调制频率Ω 的变化过程中出现了多重随机共振和极强的单峰共振, 当Ω << ω 时, 系统出现的是多峰共振, 且随着Ω_λ 增加, 共振峰间的距离增大, 峰值位置不变; 当Ω → ω 时, 输出信噪比R迅速增大, 而Ω_λ 的影响被削弱甚至可以忽略, 多峰共振消失; 当Ω = ω 时, 系统出现了极强的单峰共振. 此外, 信噪比随周期力频率的变化呈现振幅减小的多重随机共振, 而随载流频率的变化出现单峰随机共振.     

倾斜度及温度震荡频率对三维多孔介质方腔自然对流换热的影响

对三维多孔介质倾斜方腔内非稳态自然对流换热进行数值研究.腔体右壁面(X=1)保持恒温T₀,左壁面(X=0)基于温度T₀按正弦规律变化,其他所有壁面保持绝热.采用Brinkman扩展达西模型及SIMPLE算法模拟方腔内的流动.方腔沿y轴转动倾角α1的变化范围为0°~90°,沿x轴转动倾角α2的变化范围为0°~45°,无量纲温度震荡频率f的变化范围为5π~90π.详细研究倾角和温度震荡频率对三维方腔自然对流换热的影响.计算结果表明:当倾角α1=46°,α2=45°及温度震荡频率f=45π时,方腔内的换热最强.     

基于幂次相互作用的二维磁性团簇耦合能研究

在扩散限制凝聚模型基础上,采用Monte Carlo方法模拟了磁耦合作用随粒子间距离幂次变化的磁性粒子动力学凝聚过程.重点研究了在不同幂指数α值下团簇在生长过程中,即随着粒子数N的增加,团簇平均耦合能E_c(N)的演化过程.模拟结果表明:对于α≥5时,E_c(N)随着粒子数N的增加变化较小;当α=2时,E关键词： 扩散限制凝聚模型 幂次相互作用 耦合能     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">c</Emphasis>-axis charge traveling wave in a coupled system of Josephson junctions

We demonstrate a manifestation of the charge traveling wave along the c axis (TW) in current voltage characteristics of coupled Josephson junctions in high-T _c superconductors. The branches related to the TW with different wavelengths are found for the stacks with different number of Josephson junctions at different values of system’s parameters. Transitions between the TW branches and the outermost branch are observed. The electric charge in the superconducting layers and charge-charge correlation functions for TW and outermost branches show different behavior with bias current. We propose an experimental testing of the TW branching by microwave irradiation.     

Critical behaviour in the commensurate-incommensurate phase transition of pure and γ-irradiated LiRbSO4 crystals

The effect of γ-irradiation on the incommensurate phase of LiRbSO₄ crystals has been studied by measuring the specific heat C_p . As a result of γ-irradiation, the values of C_p decreased and the transition temperature T_c shifted to lower values. The values of ΔH and ΔS decreased with increasing dose rate. The results are explained on the basis of an energy change due to induced lattice defects.     

Mössbaueruntersuchungen an195Pt und201Hg

Using the Mössbauer technique the magnetic hyperfine splitting of the 130 keV transition in¹⁹⁵Pt has been observed in a Pt-Fe alloy. The derived magnetic moment is μ₁₃₀=(0.81 _?0.25 ^+0.13 μ _k . Isomershift measurements with the 130 keV and the 99 keV transitions in alloys yielded Δ〈r ²〉₁₃₀/Δ〈r ²〉₉₉=1.5±0.2 for the ratio of the changes in the mean square charge radius of the two excited states. From isomershifts of the 99 keV transition in compounds an estimate of Δ〈r ²〉₉₉/〈r ²〉=?(1.6 _?0.9 ^+4.4 ) · 10^?4 is made for the change in radius of the first excited state. The linewidth of the Mössbauer spectrum of the 32.2 keV transition in²⁰¹Hg gives a lower limit of 0.1 ns for the half-life of the second excited state. The results are compared with values for other nuclides in this mass region.     

Confinement of massless particles: Photon

Confinement of massless particles in a suitably chosen dielectric medium is considered. Light waves of selected frequencies are shown to be confined in a medium with dielectric constantε(r)=a/r−b ². A wave theoretical analysis gives equispaced frequency spectrum for the confined light, the radial dependence of its electric wave vector resembling that of hydrogen atom wave functions. In the large frequency limit an eikonal approximation of the problem gives elliptic orbits for the confined rays. Higher frequency orbits are shown to be closer to the centre of the medium than the lower frequency ones.     

Molecular structure, nuclear quadrupole coupling constant and dipole moment of nitrogen trichloride from microwave spectroscopy

The rotational constants of four isotopic species of nitrogen trichloride have been obtained from transitions in the millimeter region. Two r_s structures have been obtained with the following average values of the parameters. rN−C1=1.7535 ± 0.0020 A.The Stark effect of the J = 3 ← 2 transition was analyzed to obtaine the value 0.39 ± 0.01 D for the dipole moment of NCl₃. The measurement of the separation of the two strongest hyperfine components of the J = 2 ← 1 transition yielded the value of −108 ± 3 MHz for the N---Cl bond axis quadrupole coupling constant.     

Ultrasound anomaly at Tc in YBa2Cu3Oy

We measured the fundamental longitudinal acoustic resonant frequency f_r of polycrystalline samples of YBa₂Cu₃O_y. The frequency increases with decreasing temperature and displays a sharp rise as we cool below T_c. The fractional change in frequency at T_c, Δf_r/f_r, is 4.5 × 10^-3 and is opposite in sign to that expected at the usual second-order super-conducting transition.     

锰位铁掺杂La0.67Sr0.33FexMn1-xO3薄膜的光诱导效应

分别采用溶胶-凝胶法和脉冲激光沉积的方法制备了La_067Sr_033Fe_xMn_1-xO₃(x=0, 005, 010, 015)系列块材和薄膜,研究了Fe部分替代对La_067Sr_033Fe_xMn_1-xO₃薄膜 关键词： 光诱导 Fｅ掺杂 晶格效应     

Comparison of variational approaches for the exactly solvable 1/r-Hubbard chain

We study Hartree-Fock, Gutzwiller, Baeriswyl, and combined Gutzwiller-Baeriswyl wave functions for the exactly solvable one-dimensional 1/r-Hubbard model. We find that none of these variational wave functions is able to correctly reproduce the physics of the metal-to-insulator transition which occurs in the model for halffilled bands when the interaction strength equals the bandwidth. The many-particle problem to calculate the variational ground state energy for the Baeriswyl and combined Gutzwiller-Baeriswyl wave function is exactly solved for the 1/r-Hubbard model. The latter wave function becomes exact both for small and large interaction strength, but it incorrectly predicts the metal-to-insulator transition to happen at infinitely strong interactions. It is thus seen that neither Hartree-Fock nor an energetically excellent Jastrow-type wave function yield a reliable prediction on the zero temperature phase transition in the one-dimensional 1/r-Hubbard chain.