含嘧啶环的苯基磺酰脲、吡唑磺酰脲的合成及生物活性

磺酰脲衍生物;除草活性;含嘧啶环的苯基磺酰脲、吡唑磺酰脲的合成及生物活性     

1,2,3—噻二唑衍生物的合成及其生物活性

自1976年Arndt等合成植物生长调节剂噻苯隆[1]似来，有关含1，2，3一噻二唑化0合物的生物活性的研究就不断有报道[2～5]．为了寻找新的具有较好生物活性的化合物，本文以5-氨基-1，2，3-噻二唑为中间体合成了5种不同取代基的磺酰脲类化合物、3种SChiff碱类化合物及吡唑类、酰亚胺类化合物各1种，共10种新化合物．其反应式如下：1实验部分MT－3型元素分析仪；Schimadzu-IR-435型红外光谱仪，KBr压片；Jeolfx－90Q型或BrukerAC－P200型核磁共振仪（CDCI。，DMSO－de，TMS）；VGZAB－HS型质谱仪；Yanaco熔点仪（温度计未经校正）…     

新型2－乙内酰硫脲衍生物的合成与表征

新型2－乙内酰硫脲衍生物的合成与表征;乙酰乳酸合成酶;磺酰脲;乙内酰硫脲;合成     

N′-(4,5,6-三取代嘧啶-2-基)-2-噻吩磺酰脲的合成

前文曾报道了15种含4,6—二取代嘧啶环的噻吩磺酰脲类化合物的合成和除草活性测定。初步的结构与生物活性关系的研究表明,嘧啶环上取代基的种类,数目及位置对此类化合物的生物活性影响较大,含4,6—二甲基嘧啶环的噻吩磺酰脲具超高除草活性,含4—羟基—6—甲基嘧啶环或4—氯—6—甲基嘧啶环的噻吩磺酰脲能有效抑制植物根系的生长,而含取代氨基的噻吩磺酰脲的生物活性较差。为进一步研究不同取代基对此类化合物生物活性的影响,本文合成了13种     

N-(1, 3, 4-噻二唑-2-基)-N′-芳酰基脲的合成及其生物活性

N-(1;3;4-噻二唑-2-基)-N′-芳酰基脲的合成及其生物活性;噻二唑;芳酰基脲;合成;生物活性;植物生长调节剂     

N－硫代磷酰基磺酰脲的合成及除草活性研究

Ｎ－硫代磷酰基磺酰脲的合成及除草活性研究金桂玉,赵国锋,郑健禺（南开大学元素有机化学研究所,天津,３０００７１）关键词硫代磷酰胺,Ｎ－硫代酰基磺酰脲,除草活性磺酰脲类化合物作为高效除草剂已得到广泛地应用和开发［１～７］．为寻找具有除草活性的新化合物,...     

微波及超声波辅助合成新型苯环5位Schiff碱取代苯磺酰脲类化合物及除草活性研究

应用微波及超声波等方法辅助,合成了8个新型Schiff碱取代的磺酰胺,进而合成出了16个新型磺酰脲化合物.经1HNMR,MS及元素分析确证了结构,经油菜平皿法和盆栽法测试了16个磺酰脲化合物的除草活性.结果表明,含有Schiff碱取代基的磺酰脲类化合物对双子叶杂草仍然能保持较好的除草活性.     

苯环2-位不同酯基取代的磺酰脲类化合物的合成及其除草活性

以正在开发的磺酰脲类超高效除草剂NK94827[N'-(4'-甲基嘧啶-2'-基)-2-甲氧羰基苯磺酰脲]的基本结构为基础,设计合成了18个苯环2位不同酯基取代的的新型磺酰脲类化合物,产物结构均经¹HNMR及元素分析确证.经油菜平皿法和盆栽试验测试除草活性,所合成的部分磺酰脲化合物的除草活性高.     

N-芳(烷)磺酰基-N′-[1-氰(环)烷基]脲的合成与杀菌活性

磺酰脲类化合物是已知的超高效除草剂［１］，而取代的氨基乙腈类化合物又具有多种生物活性如杀菌和除草活性［２～５］。为了寻找新的具有生物活性的先导化合物，作者以取代的氨基乙腈基团替代已知磺酰脲结构中的嘧啶胺或三嗪胺，合成了如下通式（１）所示的１３个未见文...     

新磺酰脲类化合物的合成及生物活性

以正在开发的新磷磺酰脲除草剂N-[2′-(4′-甲基)嘧啶基]-2-硝基苯磺酰脲的研究为基础,设计合成了19个脲桥经修饰的磺酰脲类化合物以及3个新型嘧啶中间体,产物结构经¹HNMR谱及元素分析确证.盆栽试验和离休ALS酶研究结果表明,所合成的化合物均表现出一定的除草活性,部分化合物的除草活性较好.     

鱼藤酮肟羧酸酯的合成和生物活性

以鱼藤酮为原料,经肟化、酯化反应合成了9种鱼藤酮肟羧酸酯新化合物,化合物经1H NMR、红外、元素分析等确证结构.生物活性试验结果表明:3a,3b和3c对家蝇(0.30 mg/mL)死亡率分别为80.0%,90.0%和95.0%,对甜菜夜蛾(0.10 mg/mL)的致死率分别为57.1%,60.0%和73.3%;3b对粘虫(1.00mg/mL)的致死率为86.4%,对叶蝉(0.50 mg/mL)的致死率为71.8%;3c对粘虫(1.00mg/mL)的致死率为100%;3a对叶蝉(0.50 mg/mL)的致死率为54.2%.     

Chlovalicin B,a Chlorinated Sesquiterpene Isolated from the Marine Mushroom Digitatispora marina

As part of our search for bioactive metabolites from understudied marine microorganisms, the new chlorinated metabolite chlovalicin B (1) was isolated from liquid cultures of the marine basidiomycete Digitatispora marina, which was collected and isolated from driftwood found at Vannøya, Norway. The structure of the novel compound was elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR and analysis of HRMS data, revealing that 1 shares its molecular scaffold with a previously isolated compound, chlovalicin. This represents the first compound isolated from the Digitatispora genus, and the first reported fumagillin/ovalicin-like compound isolated from Basidiomycota. Compound 1 was evaluated for antibacterial activities against a panel of five bacteria, its ability to inhibit bacterial biofilm formation, for antifungal activity against Candida albicans, and for cytotoxic activities against malignant and non-malignant human cell lines. Compound 1 displayed weak cytotoxic activity against the human melanoma cell line A2058 (~50% survival at 50 µM). No activity was detected against biofilm formation or C. albicans at 50 µM, or against bacterial growth at 100 µM nor against the production of cytokines by the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 at 50 µM.     

2-甲基-1-(4-芳基噻唑-2-基)-苯并咪唑-6-甲酸乙酯的合成、表征及生物活性

以4-乙酰氨基苯甲酸乙酯为原料设计合成了14 种2-甲基-1-(4-芳基噻唑-2-基)-苯并咪唑-6-甲酸乙酯新化合物. 化合物结构经质谱、1H NMR、红外光谱和元素分析等确证, 并用单晶X射线衍射仪测定了化合物5a的晶体结构. 生物活性实验结果表明, 化合物5c(500 mg/L)对小麦白粉病菌抑制率达到95%; 化合物5e对辣椒疫霉病菌(25 mg/L)的抑制率为61.9%, 对油菜菌核病菌(500 mg/L) 抑制率高达97.2%; 化合物5k(25 mg/L) 对小麦赤霉病菌抑制率为55.1%.     

CORRELATION BETWEEN ENDOGENOUS GLUTATHIONE CONTENT AND SENSITIVITY OF CULTURED HUMAN SKIN CELLS TO RADIATION AT DEFINED WAVELENGTHS IN THE SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RANGE

Abstract— Glutathione depletion of cultured human skin fibroblasts by treatment with buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (BSO) sensitises them to radiation at a series of defined wavelengths throughout the solar UV range. We now show that there is a close quantitative correlation between cellular glutathione content (as depleted by BSO) and sensitivity to radiation at 365 nm. A weaker correlation is observed when cells are depleted of glutathione using diethylmaleimide. Both fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes derived from the same foreskin biopsy are sensitised to radiation at 313 nm by glutathione depletion. However, the keratinocytes are sensitised to a much lesser extent, an observation which agrees quantitatively with the higher residual levels of cellular glutathione remaining after maximum depletion by BSO (approximately 25% for the keratinocytes vs less than 5% for the fibroblasts). At low to intermediate fluence levels, 10 mM cysteamine present during irradiation at 302 nm is able to almost completely reverse the sensitising effects of glutathione depletion suggesting that the endogenous thiol protects against radiation at this wavelength by a free radical scavenging mechanism. At 313 nm, the sensitisation is not reversed by cysteamine suggesting that glutathione plays a more specific role in protection against radiation at longer wavelengths. Xeroderma pigmentosum group A fibroblasts (excision deficient) are also sensitised to radiation at 313 and 365 nm by depletion of glutathione but since the sensitization is less than that observed for the normal strain, we cannot conclude that glutathione protects against a sector of DNA damage susceptible to excision repair. The results provide further evidence that endogenous glutathione is involved in protecting human skin cells against a wide range of solar radiation damage and suggest that while free radical scavenging is involved at the shortest wavelength (302 nm) tested, a more specific role of glutathione is involved in protection against radiation at longer wavelengths.     

Porphyrin‐based,light‐activated antimicrobial materials

New light‐activated antimicrobial materials with a potentially wide range of possible uses in civilian settings were synthesized by the grafting of protoporphyrin IX and zinc protoporphyrin IX to nylon fibers. These fibers were shown to be active against Staphylococcus aureus at light exposures of 10,000 lux and greater and against Escherichia coli at 60,000 lux. They were ineffective against both strains in the absence of light. At 40,000 lux, these fibers showed increased antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with increasing exposure time. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2297–2303, 2003     

新型不对称草酰二胺类化合物的设计、合成及生物活性

以氯虫酰胺和氟虫腈骨架结构为基础, 依据生物合理设计思想引入酰胺键活性基团, 设计合成了一系列新型不对称草酰二胺类化合物, 通过核磁共振氢谱和高分辨质谱对合成的化合物进行了结构表征. 初步生物活性测试结果表明, 在浓度为200 mg/L时, 目标化合物未表现出良好的杀粘虫活性, 但具有一定的抑菌活性; 在浓度为50 mg/L时, 化合物6e和6f对番茄早疫病菌的抑菌率为45.0%, 高于其它化合物, 表明含有2,4,6-三氯苯环的该系列化合物对番茄早疫病菌具有良好的抑菌活性; 化合物6g对苹果轮纹病菌的抑菌率为51.9%, 高于其它化合物, 表明含有较大空间位阻的该系列化合物对苹果轮纹病菌具有良好的抑菌活性.     

双酰胺类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

为了寻找高活性农药先导化合物,以甲霜灵为先导,通过活性基团拼接原理,设计合成了一系列未见文献报道的双酰胺类化合物,其结构经1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS表征.初步的生物活性测试结果表明:在50 mg/L测试浓度下,化合物5j对黄瓜霜霉病显示出85%的抑制率;在500 mg/L剂量下,多数目标化合物对粘虫表现出较好的杀虫活性,其中化合物5b,5f,5g,5h,5i,5l对粘虫的致死率高达100%,在250 mg/L测试浓度下,化合物5f,5h,51对粘虫的致死率为50%.     

EFFECTS OF GLYCEROL UPON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF NEAR-ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT: SPECTRA AND CONCENTRATION DEPENDENCE FOR TRANSFORMING DNA AND FOR ESCHERICHIA COLI B/r

The concentration dependence for the protection of isolated transforming DNA and Escherichia coli by glycerol against 365-nm monochromatic near-ultraviolet light (UV) was measured. Glycerol protection saturates at a concentration of about 0.1 M for DNA and 1.0 M for E. coli. Action spectra for glycerol protection of transforming DNA (tryptophan and histidine markers) are similar to those obtained previously for diazobicyclo[2.2.2.˜octane (DABCO) protection, with protection reaching a maximum near 350-nm UV and decreasing rapidly at wavelengths above and below 350 nm. However, glycerol protects against near-UV about twice as efficiently as DABCO. The action spectrum for protection of E. coli by glycerol against the lethal effects of near-UV was not the same as the spectrum for DNA since glycerol sensitized the cells, but not the DNA, at wavelengths longer than about 380 nm. A possible role of hydroxyl or other radicals was supported by the observation that benzoate also protected DNA against inactivation by 334-nm UV.     

含1,3,4-噁二唑结构的新型吡唑肟醚类衍生物的合成及杀虫活性

为了寻找具有较好生物活性的吡唑肟醚类衍生物,基于唑螨酯的结构,在吡唑环的4-位引入1,3,4-噁二唑结构,设计合成了15个结构新颖的吡唑肟醚类化合物,它们的结构通过1H NMR、13C NMR、元素分析等手段得到表征.生测研究表明,部分目标化合物在500和100μg/mL浓度下对粘虫(Oriental armyworm)或蚜虫(Aphis medicaginis)都有较好的杀虫效果,其中10a, 10e, 10f和10j在100μg/mL时对粘虫有100%的杀死率, 10g, 10j和10l在100μg/mL时对蚜虫有100%的杀虫活性.另外, 10l在500μg/mL浓度下对朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)也具有100%的杀灭效果.     

Systematic Study of Several Causes and Effects Due to Absorbent Blanks in Determinations of One Analyte

A systematic study is performed about several factors involved in the measurements when a absorbent blank is used, as molar absorption coefficient of the formed complex, absorbance of the blank at the measured wavelength, and kind of spectrophotometer used (conventional double-beam or diode-array). It is proved that the usual methodology, measuring against reagent blank, produces less accurate measurements than those obtained against solvent blank. On the other hand, use of the H-Point standard additions method provides always equal or better results than the best ones obtained at single wavelengths by using measurements against solvent bank, at the maximum of the formed complex. To test the methodology, calcium determination with Arsenazo III, at basic pH, is studied at different peaks.