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1.
论测量不确定度 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
胡晓燕 《理化检验(化学分册)》2002,38(8):406-409
讨论了测量不确定度的基本概念及应用。分析了误差和不确定度两个概念的区别,探讨了不确定度及分量的评定方法。 相似文献
2.
生活饮用水总硬度测量结果的不确定度评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对乙二胺四乙酸二钠滴定法测定生活饮用水总硬度的测量不确定度进行评定。分析了测量重复性、标准溶液的浓度、滴定管、取样等因素对总硬度测量不确定度的影响,求得生活饮用水总硬度测定结果的相对合成标准不确定度为2.74×10-3。 相似文献
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元素相对测量不确定度的评估 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
杨振宇 《理化检验(化学分册)》2005,41(5):336-340
根据ISO17025的要求以及国家计量技术规范JJF1059—1999的指引,结合元素相对测量的特点,总结了一套检验实验室不确定度的评估方法。由于元素测量前处理过程中被测物的变化很难估计,所以直接以多次重复测量数据为依据,即以A类评定为主、B类评定为辅的方法,使得结果更为客观、准确,完全适合实际操作。 相似文献
4.
在化学实验教学实践中由于误差分析的角度和方法不同,显著影响了实验数据和结果的表达和比较.实验结果和误差分析采用测量不确定度表达方式,可克服传统误差理论的弊端,有效提高实验数据分析效率.通过介绍大学化学实验教学中测量不确定度的由来、意义和评定要领,完成一个评定实例,以期扩展测量不确定度评定方法在化学实验教学中的应用范围,推动新知识在化学实验教学中的普及. 相似文献
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大气颗粒物中总碳含量的测量不确定度评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了元素分析仪测定大气颗粒物中碳质组分的测量不确定度来源,对总碳含量的测量不确定度进行了评估。测定咖啡碱标准样品中的碳含量,称样量为1 500~2 500μg时,测定结果为(49.27±0.26)%;测定大气颗粒物样品中的总碳含量,样品面积为3.14 cm2时,测定结果为(106±3)μg/cm2。 相似文献
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分析实验数据处理中的测量不确定度 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在现行的分析标准中,大多未对测量不确定度提出相应的要求.本文通过对测量不确定度概念的探讨及对几种化验数据的测量不确定度分析,对检测数据出具时的规范化、标准化有重要意义. 相似文献
10.
根据原子荧光光度法,用AFS-9700双道原子荧光光度计测定水样中的总锑含量,并且分析了主要的测量不确定度来源,即标准溶液引入的不确定度、建立工作曲线引入的不确定度、回收率引入的不确定度和重复测量样品引入的不确定度,对测量不确定度进行计算和评定,合成测得总锑含量的不确定度为0.10?g/L。 相似文献
11.
S. Vatsala V. Bansal D. K. Tuli M. M. Rai S. K. Jain S. P. Srivastava A. K. Bhatnagar 《Chromatographia》1994,38(7-8):456-460
Summary Hydrazine, an oxygen scavenger in boiler water, was derivatised to the corresponding acetone azine and determined at the ng ml–1 level by gas chromatography. Morpholine, a corrosion inhibitor used in steam boilers, was estimated either directly (if >2.0 g ml–1) or by quantitative preconcentration (0.1 ng – 2.0 g ml–1). To obtain symmetrical peaks for these amines, the column packing was coated with KOH. Use of a nitrogen-specific detector improved accuracy of estimation of hydrazine and morpholine, giving a RSD of 1.9–3.6%. Chromatographic analysis of these amines in boiler feed water and steam condensate samples collected from boilers servicing a petroleum refinery is described. Environmental safety regulations calls for monitoring of hydrazine and the methods developed can easily be adapted for this purpose. 相似文献
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建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定糖果中铅的相应数学模型, 对数学模型中各个参数进行不确定度来源分析, 分别对A类不确定度或B类不确定度进行评定. 对各不确定度分量合成和扩展, 得到铅质量分数的不确定度. 结果表明: 标准溶液的配制、标准曲线拟合线性方程及样品溶液的定容是不确定度的主要来源. 相似文献
14.
A new flow injection spectrophotometric method is described for the simultaneous determination of silicate and phosphate. Effects on the sensitivity of the method of the wavelength, temperature, length of reaction coils, pump rates, acidity, sampling volume, concentration of the chromogenic reagent, etc. were also investigated. The optimum conditions were ascertained.The principle of the method is that total concentration of silicate plus phosphate is determined when a injected sample plug is passing through the first flow cell and then the concentration of silicate is serially) determined at a second flow cell of the same detector after continuously masking the yellow molybdophosphate in the sample zone. Finally, the concentration of phosphate is obtained by difference.Silicate and phosphate are determined in boiler water at power plants; 60-120 samples h−1 be analyzed. Determination ranges are 0.05-22 mg l−1 for silicate and 0.1-24 mg l−1 for phosphate. Relative standard deviations for metasilicate and orthophosphate were ≤1.2 and 1.3%, respectively. Recovery ranges of silicate and phosphate in the samples are 98-103%. 相似文献
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Vanderléa de Souza Janaína Marques Rodrigues Raquel Duarte da C. Cunha Bandeira Laura A. das Neves Valente Marcus Vinícius Barreto Sousa Viviane Fernandes da Silva Rafael Agostinho Lemos da Silva 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2008,13(12):717-721
This study simulated the transport and storage conditions of ethanol in water certified reference material (CRM) produced
by the Chemical Metrology Division of Inmetro—DQUIM with the purpose of estimating the measurement uncertainty related to
stability. The short-term stability study was performed on five different mass fractions (w) in terms of mg ethanol/g solution of the ethanol in water CRM. The nominal values are w = 0.5, 0.9, 1.1, 3.8 and 4.6 mg/g, at temperatures of 4 and 60 °C. On the other hand, the long-term stability study was developed
on four different mass fractions (nominal values): w = 0.5, 0.9, 1.1 and 4.6 mg/g, at a temperature of 20 °C. This paper will show the data from the long-term stability study
that took place over 52 weeks. The method used complies with ISO Guide 35, the BCR Guideline for Feasibility Studies and ISO
Guide 34. According to the statistical parameters used in both studies, the stability of ethanol in water CRM was confirmed
for all of the mass fractions studied. 相似文献
16.
An automatic photometric analyser based on the reversed use of a conventional motor syringe buret and modern optoelectronic components is described. The buret serves as a photometric titration vessel into which sample and reagents are selectively drawn through a set of solenoid valves. It has been applied to the photometric titration of total alkalinity and total carbonate concentration of sea water, giving precisions of 0.10% and 0.13%, respectively. 相似文献
17.
J. Pauwels A. van der Veen A. Lamberty H. Schimmel 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2000,5(3):95-99
Certification of reference materials is far more than just characterisation of a selected homogeneous batch of material.
From the perspective of the ISO Guide on the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) all uncertainty sources relevant
to the user of an individual certified reference material (CRM) sample at a moment in time should be part of the CRM uncertainty.
This not only includes the full uncertainty of the batch characterisation (rather than the statistical variation), but also
all uncertainties related to possible between-bottle variation, instability upon long-term storage and instability during
transport to the customer.
Received: 21 April 1999 · Accepted: 24 September 1999 相似文献
18.
M. Joseph V. Kagdiyal D. K. Tuli M. M. Rai S. K. Jain S. P. Srivastava A. K. Bhatnagar 《Chromatographia》1993,35(3-4):173-176
Summary Morpholine and its amine-type thermal degradation products present in boiler feed water and steam condensate were derivatised with N-succinimidyl-p-nitrophenylacetate. These pre-column derivatives were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection at 280 nm. The analytical column was Supelco-sil-ODS with an isocratic mobile phase. Morpholine and its breakdown products were monitored in the range 0.01–10 g ml–1 with a relative standard deviation of 0.4–3.0%. Chromatographic analysis of boiler feed water and steam condensate samples collected from a boiler servicing a petroleum refinery is described. 相似文献
19.
探讨了用原子吸收光谱法测定铜阳极泥中铋的不确定度的评定,阐述了测量结果不确定度主要来源于样品称量、试液定容体积和测量试液中铋的浓度产生的不确定度,计算了这些不确定的分量,最后计算出合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度.通过评估,得出影响铋量测量不确定度的主要因素是测量试液中铋浓度时所引起的不确定度. 相似文献
20.
气相色谱内标法测定皮革中五氯酚残留量不确定度评估 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用气相色谱内标法测定皮革中五氯酚残留量,对整个测量过程的不确定度来源进行了分析,并对不确定度各个分量进行了评估和合成,结果显示,样品重复性测量不确定度分量对总不确定度的贡献最大。当五氯酚测定结果为1.021 mg/kg时,扩展不确定度为0.056 mg/kg。按照相关计量规范要求,给出了五氯酚测量结果不确定的表达式。 相似文献