共查询到15条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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在NaSh模型的基础上,考虑交通事故和养护路段等意外事件对高速公路交通流的影响,建立了有意外事件影响的在车道管制下的高速公路交通流元胞自动机模型,并进行数值模拟. 研究发现:意外事件对高速公路交通流有明显影响,并且意外事件对交通流的影响在某一密度值范围内尤其明显,且意外事件堵塞点在第一车道比在第二车道对交通流的影响小;同时,在该密度值范围内,意外事件堵塞时间和堵塞路段长度越长,对交通流的影响就越大.
关键词:
元胞自动机
交通流
意外事件 相似文献
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在经典单路段元胞自动机交通流模型的基础上,将多个路段视为一个道路系统,提出并研究了多路段条件下的交通流问题.针对多路段道路的特点,通过引入车辆流入规则、路口随机慢化规则和路口车辆流入规则,控制车辆从上一路段流入下一路段.首先提出了"汽车池"的概念,来控制每一路口车辆的流入;然后通过路口随机慢化,来模拟路口对交通的影响;最后,当车辆离开时,依直行率进入下一路段,实现车流的继续流动.同时,通过数值模拟,仿真了不同条件下的交通情况,对重要参数进行了研究.结果表明,出现了混合流这一新的现象,拥堵地段与非拥堵地段间存在明显的界限.拥堵往往最先从路口开始,然后蔓延到整个路段.多路段道路还存在临界突变的特性.随着车辆流入概率的增大,路口对平均速度和车流密度的影响愈加明显.当流入概率超过一定阈值时,车辆缓慢地增加也会引起整体道路通行能力的迅速下降. 相似文献
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在分析应急车辆对城市道路交通流影响的基础上, 引入让行状态参数、警笛影响区域和强制换道安全距离等特征变量, 修改换道规则, 建立了多车道元胞自动机模型, 并进行数值模拟. 结果表明, 车道数量和混合车辆比例系数在低密度范围内影响车辆速度及换道次数, 警笛影响区域参数改变了一定范围内车辆的换道次数, 应急车辆强制换道安全距离参数主要影响应急车辆的速度及换道次数.研究发现, 应急车辆对低密度交通流的扰动现象明显, 其与社会车辆相互作用参数的设置使得交通流元胞自动机模型更接近应急条件下实际交通运行.
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机
应急车辆 相似文献
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本文以右转机动车和直行自行车为对象研究交叉口混合交通流特性.基于交叉口机非干扰特性,将机动车元胞模型和自行车元胞模型进行了耦合,建立了考虑自行车穿越机动车延时、机动车穿越自行车间隙和冲突区占据处置等规则的交叉口混合交通流元胞自动机模型(NS-BCA).对右转机动车与直行自行车混合交通流进行了仿真,从流量-车辆到达率关系、交通流相位相变、交通流相位-到达率-混合交通流状态等方面研究了交叉口混合交通流的机非干扰机理. 相似文献
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针对Nagel-Schreckenberg模型(NaSch模型)中存在的高速车辆可能发生追尾事故的不安全性,考虑了前车速度为零的情况,提出一种新的强调驾驶安全性的一维元胞自动机交通流模型:安全驾驶模型,并对该模型进行了数值模拟.由于安全概率的引入,使得系统在临界密度附近出现低速的同步相,而不是完全的堵塞相,减小了追尾事故发生的可能性,提高了高密度时道路的通行能力.模拟结果显示出了亚稳态、非平衡相变以及滞后效应等实际交通所具有的特性.
关键词:
交通流
安全驾驶
元胞自动机
同步流 相似文献
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在Nagel-Schreckenberg(NS)模型的基础上,提出一种可应用智能交通系统(ITS)信息的新的交通流元胞自动机模型. 其中考虑了有效间距及刹车灯的作用,并引入了可变安全间距的新概念. 数值模拟表明:对于这种改进的ITS元胞自动机模型,道路交通量有了显著提高,体现了智能交通的优越性——有效地扩大交通流量,减少阻塞生成. 当考虑快车和慢车的混合交通流时,发现即使少量的慢车也会导致交通流量大幅度下降,说明了严格实施快慢道行驶的必要性.
关键词:
交通流
智能交通系统(ITS)
元胞自动机模型
刹车灯
可变安全间距 相似文献
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Instantaneous information propagation in free flow, synchronized flow, stop-and-go waves in a cellular automaton model 下载免费PDF全文
Recently, a number of efforts are underway to investigate inter-vehicle communications (IVC). This paper studies the instantaneous information propagation behaviours based on IVC in three different tragic situations (free flow, synchronized flow and stop-and-go waves) in a cellular automaton model. It is shown that different behaviours appear in stop-and-go waves from those in free flow and synchronized flow. While the distribution of Multi-hop Communication Distance (MhCD) is either exponential or uniform in free flow and synchronized flow, the distribution of MhCD is either exponential or with a single peak in stop-and-go waves. 相似文献
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This paper proposes a new single-lane cellular automaton model for traffic flow. The model takes into account normal drivers’ spacing policies and transportation engineering practices to guarantee that microscopic vehicle behavior is more in line with vehicular movement in the real world. As a result, drivers’ reactions are based on a safety analysis that determines the most appropriate action for a vehicle to take. Hence, the model introduces a new set of simple rules to change the speed of vehicles that incorporates three important thresholds required by the follower vehicle to accelerate, slow down or maintain its speed. Thus, the space gap, relative speed and limited acceleration/deceleration capabilities are introduced into simulations. Simulation results obtained from a system with periodic conditions show that the model can smooth the speed drop when vehicles approach the upstream front of the traffic jam. Therefore, the model avoids unrealistic deceleration behavior found in most previous cellular automata models. Besides, the model is also capable of reproducing most empirical findings including the three states of traffic flow, the backward speed of the downstream front of the traffic jam, and different congested traffic patterns induced by a system with open boundary conditions with an on-ramp. Moreover, the new model preserves the computational simplicity of the cellular automata models. 相似文献
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采用元胞自动机模型研究高速公路入匝控制问题. 利用主路上测定区域内的车辆数设计了一种新型入匝信号控制方法,模拟分析了各种参数对主路和匝道交通的影响. 结果表明,设置匝道信号灯可以保证主路交通畅通,尤其是匝道处的车辆到达率比较高时效果非常明显. 测定区域位置、抑制入匝车流量以及并道区长度的不同组合可以导致不同的主路和匝道交通流,合理搭配这三个参数可以兼顾主路和匝道的流量和通行时间.测定区域应该设置在并道段前或并道段上游的适当位置.
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机
入匝控制
并道规则 相似文献
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The development direction of railway is to improve the capacity and the service quality, where the service quality includes safety, schedule, high speed, and comfort. In light of the existing cellular automaton models, in this paper, we develop a model to analyze the mixed running processes of trains with maximal speeds of 500 km/h and 350 km/h respectively in the moving block system. In the proposed model, we establish some sound rules to control the running process of train, where the rules include the departure rules in the intermediate stations, the overtaking rules, and the conditions of speed limitation for train stopping at a station or passing through a station. With the consideration of the mixed ratio and the distance between two adjacent stations, the properties of the train traffic flow (including capacity and average speed) are simulated. The numerical results show that the interactions among different trains will affect the capacity, and a proper increasing of the spatial distance between two adjacent stations can enhance the capacity and the average speed under the moving block. 相似文献