关于■→■π~0衰变过程研究

系统地计算 B0 → K0 π0 衰变过程的强子矩阵元 ,它包括领头阶因子化部分 ,αs 修正的硬胶子交换部分和软胶子交换部分 .其中软胶子交换部分 ,无论在量子色动力学 (QCD)因子化方法中 ,还是在微扰QCD中都不能进行计算 .用光锥QCD求和规则系统地计算了这部分贡献 ,并发现在该衰变道中软胶子交换部分与领头阶因子化部分以及αs 修正的硬胶子交换部分有相同的数量级 ,因此不能忽略 .最后计算了该衰变过程的分支比 ,计算结果与实验结果相一致     

关于B-0→K-0π0衰变过程研究

系统地计算B^0→K^0π^0衰变过程的强子矩阵元，它包括领头阶因子化部分，αs修正的硬胶子交换部分和软胶子交换部分．其中软胶子交换部分，无论在量子色动力学(QCD)因子化方法中，还是在微扰QCD中都不能进行计算．用光锥QCD求和规则系统地计算了这部分贡献．并发现在该衰变道中软胶子交换部分与领头阶因子化部分以及αs修正的硬胶子交换部分有相同的数量级，因此不能忽略．最后计算了该衰变过程的分支比，计算结果与实验结果相一致．     

关于B0→π－l+ν l衰变过程分支比的计算

通过构造适当的关联函数,计算B→π跃迁形状因子f⁺_Bπ(q²),f _{Bπ(q²)和标量形状因子f⁰(q²),从而就能研究轻子质量对B⁰→π}     

稀有衰变B0(Bs)→γνν 分支比的计算

在标准模型中, 三体稀有衰变B⁰(B_s)→γνν只有通过箱图和企鹅图才可以发生.这个过程对于确定B介子的衰变常数及其波函数有着较重要的物理意义,由于这些衰变道的分支比较小, 因此也是探测新物理理论的比较好的场所.利用B介子强衰变确定的波函数, 得到 B⁰(B_s)→γνν的分支比的数量级是10^－9(10^－8), 这些结果可以在未来的实验上得到检验.     

关于B0→π－l+ν l衰变过程分支比的计算

通过构造适当的关联函数,计算B→π跃迁形状因子f⁺_Bπ(q²),f _{Bπ(q²)和标量形状因子f⁰(q²),从而就能研究轻子质量对B⁰→π ^{关键词： B介子半轻衰变 形状因子 分支比}}     

关于B0→π-l+～vl衰变过程分支比的计算

通过构造适当的关联函数,计算B→π跃迁形状因子f+Bπ(q2),～fBπ(q2)和标量形状因子f0(q2),从而就能研究轻子质量对B0→π-l+～vl(l=e,μ,τ)衰变过程的影响.首次分别计算B0→π-e+～ve,B0→π-μ+～vμ,B0→π-τ+～vτ衰变过程的分支比,并发现轻子质量me,mμ可以忽略,但重轻子质量mτ不能忽略,它对分支比计算有一定的贡献.把计算结果与最近的实验数据进行比较,发现理论结果与实验数据基本符合.     

关于B~0→π~-~+■_衰变过程分支比的计算

通过构造适当的关联函数,计算B→π跃迁形状因子fB+π(q2),fBπ(q2)和标量形状因子f0(q2),从而就能研究轻子质量对B0→π-+ν(l=e,μ,τ)衰变过程的影响.首次分别计算B0→π-e+νe,B0→π-μ+νμ,B0→π-τ+ντ衰变过程的分支比,并发现轻子质量me,mμ可以忽略,但重轻子质量mτ不能忽略,它对分支比计算有一定的贡献.把计算结果与最近的实验数据进行比较,发现理论结果与实验数据基本符合.     

GaN(100)表面结构的第一性原理计算

用全势缀加平面波加局域轨道(APW+lo)的方法计算了六方GaN及其非极性(1010)表面的原子及电子结构.计算出的六方GaN晶体结构参数晶格常数和体积弹性模量与实验值符合得很好.用平板超原胞模型来计算GaN(1010)表面的原子与电子结构,结果表明表面顶层原子发生键长收缩并扭转的弛豫特性.表面阳离子向体内移动,趋向于sp2平面构形;而表面阴离子向体外移动,趋向于锥形的p3构形.弛豫后,表面实现由半金属性向半导体性的转变.并且,表面电荷发生大的转移,参与表面键的重新杂化,使得表面原子的离子性减弱共价性增强,认为这就是表面原子键收缩并旋转的原因.     

D→Klv～l衰变过程的研究

用光锥QCD求和规则研究D→Klv～_l衰变过程，首先计算D→K跃迁形状因子，通过构造新的关联函数，消除了twist-3波函数的不确定性给计算结果所带来的影响，从而使计算结果更加精确. 计算得到的分支比与最近的实验数据相一致. 关键词： QCD光锥求和规则 D介子半轻衰变 分支比 形状因子     

D→Kl(~v)l衰变过程的研究

用光锥QCD求和规则研究D→Kl~vl衰变过程,首先计算D→K跃迁形状因子,通过构造新的关联函数,消除了twist-3波函数的不确定性给计算结果所带来的影响,从而使计算结果更加精确.计算得到的分支比与最近的实验数据相一致.     

经典轨道的封闭性和径向Schroinger方程的因式分解

研究表明 ,保证经典轨道具有封闭性的 Bertrand定理可以进一步推广 ,在适当的角动量下 ,仍存在着非椭圆的闭合轨道 .对于屏蔽 Coulomb场,可获得广义Runge-Lenz矢量.这种轨道封闭性与径向 Schroodinger方程因式分解相对应. It is shown that for a particle with suitable angular momenta in the screened Coulomb potential or isotropic harmonic potential, there still exists closed orbits rather than ellipse, characterized by the conserved perihelion and aphelion vectors, i.e., extended Runge Lenz vector, which implies a higher dynamical symmetry than the geometrical symmetry SO 3. For the potential, factorization of the radial Schrdinger equation to produce raising and lowering operators is also pointed out.     

T1u×hg Jahn-Teller系统：D3d势阱中的频率分解与能级分裂

在C60分子中，未被填充的最低电子态具有T1u对称性，因此，对中性的C60而言，不论是通过分子内部激发，或是外部掺杂，都易被一个电子占据而形成Jahn-Teller（JT）活跃电子态.此态与五重简并的hg声子态耦合，构成所谓的T1u-hg -JT系统.在这一JT系统中，当只考虑电声的线性耦合时，其绝热势能面是一个槽形.但在实际的系统中，二阶电声耦合是存在的，理论研究表明，原来的势槽将被这二阶非线性耦合弯曲成D3d或D5d对称性的势阱.声子振动态在阱中将显示各向异性效应，使得声子沿不同的方向有不同的振动频率，进而影响势阱中的能级分布、势阱间的重叠积分，以及整个系统的隧道能级分裂等.对D3d势阱中各向异性效应进行了研究，利用幺正平移、?pik Pryce和标度变换等方法计算了系统势阱中的能级，以及阱中的振动频率，研究了势阱中的能级间隔以及微绕修正能量的变化，并由此导出了这些物理量在仅有线性耦合的势槽中变化的情形. 关键词： C60 Jahn-Teller效应 各向异性 电声耦合     

: a rising star on the stage of flavour physics

Motivated by the new experimental information reported by the BNL-E787 Collaboration, we analyse the present impact and the future prospects opened by the measurement of . Although still affected by a large error, the BNL-E787 result favours values of substantially larger than what expected within the Standard Model. As a result, this data already provide non-trivial constraints on the unitarity triangle, when interpreted within the Standard Model framework. We stress the importance of the clean relation between , sin2β and ΔM_Bd/ΔM_Bs that in the next few years could provide one of the deepest probes of the Standard Model in the sector of quark-flavour dynamics. A speculative discussion about possible non-standard interpretations of a large is also presented. Two main scenarios naturally emerge: those with direct new-physics contributions to the amplitude and those with direct new-physics effects only in B_d– mixing. Realistic models originating these two scenarios and possible future strategies to clearly identify them are briefly discussed.     

spin-lattice relaxation in cobalt-containing aluminophosphate molecular sieves

Phosphorus spin-lattice relaxation was studied in aluminophosphate molecular sieves containing various concentrations of either framework or non-framework cobalt. The behaviour of nuclear magnetisation in the presence of these paramagnetic centres was described successfully in the limit of no spin-diffusion. The diffusionless regime was strongly indicated with non-exponential magnetisation recovery and was therefore easy to recognise. According to the model, spin-lattice relaxation rates depend on the square of cobalt concentration. Measured relaxation rates agreed well with calculations if effective cobalt concentration was considered rather than the average one. The latter was obtained by bulk elemental analysis, while the former was extracted from cobalt concentration depth-profiles measured with Auger electron spectroscopy. These measurements indicated that in impregnated samples containing non-framework cobalt there could be much more cobalt near the crystal surface than within the crystal. Because high cobalt concentration can lead to an invisible phosphorus, only nuclei deep within the crystal contribute to the NMR signal. In such a case, the effective concentration is simply the concentration of cobalt far from the crystal surface. In our case, two impregnated samples with different bulk cobalt concentrations exhibited equal relaxation rates. Previously, such a case was misinterpreted as a case, in which nuclear spin-lattice relaxation was independent of cobalt concentration. AES measurements, however, revealed, that although average concentrations of the two samples were different by a factor of two, their effective concentrations were equal and thus in complete agreement with observed relaxation rates.     

NMR: hyperfine interactions in oxides and metals

A NMR characterisation is given of various polymorphs of TiO₂ (anatase, rutile and brookite), Ti₂O₃, perovskites CaTiO₃ and BaTiO₃, FeTiO₃, TiB₂, titanium metal, the titanium aluminides Ti₃Al, TiAl, TiAl₂, TiAl₃, and TiAg. Values of chemical or Knight shift, nuclear quadrupole coupling constant and asymmetry parameter were derived from the (1/2, −1/2) powder lineshapes. For TiB₂, titanium metal, TiAl, and TiAl₃, where ±(1/2, 3/2), and higher satellite transitions were observed, a value for the axial component of the Knight shift was obtained.     

p elastic scattering in the T-meson region

We have made improved measurements of 43.8 ± 0.8, 41.3 ± 0.4 and 39.3 ± 0.8 mb for the p elastic cross sections at 1.11, 1.33 and 1.52 GeV/c laboratory momenta respectively. Sharp forward peaks in the differential cross sections with broad secondary maxima agree with previous observations [3–6]. The forward differential cross sections are (11 ± 3)% above the optical point in agreement with real amplitudes extended from lower momenta using dispersion relations [7]. The elastic cross sections do not show any structure in the s-channel. Backward differential cross sections show the onset of a “third diffraction peak” but no evidence for other structure in agreement with earlier experiments [6, 13].     

AdS5○×S5背景下IIB超弦的Dressing对称性及Affine可积性

在AdS5S5背景中,IIB超弦的运动方程与Maurer-Cartan方程在世界面上存在对偶对称性.通过引入扭曲对偶(twisteddual)的概念，将有限的对偶变换推广到连续的对偶变换，并给出了AdＳ5S5中IIB超弦的Lax联络及其可积的相容条件. 关键词： 扭曲对偶 κ对称性 Lax联络     

interaction study by kaonic atom at KEK and DAΦNE

The long-standing problem, known to be “Kaonic Hydrogen Puzzle”, has been solved by recent KEK experiment, which reports a repulsive shift of the Kaonic Hydrogen 1s atomic state. Physics interest is now in the precise determination of the interaction including isospin dependence. We report a brief summary of the kaonic atom experiment at KEK (KpX) and present status of the precise experiment at DAΦNE (DEAR).     

Off-shell Bethe ansatz equation for osp(21) Gaudin magnets

The semi-classical limit of the algebraic Bethe ansatz method is used to solve the theory of Gaudin models. Via off-shell Bethe ansatz method we find the spectra and eigenvectors of the N−1 independents Gaudin Hamiltonians with symmetry osp(21). We also show how the off-shell Gaudin equation solves the trigonometric Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov equation.