Refractive index sensor based on an abrupt taper Michelson interferometer in a single-mode fiber

A simple refractive index sensor based on a Michelson interferometer in a single-mode fiber is constructed and demonstrated. The sensor consists of a single symmetrically abrupt taper region in a short piece of single-mode fiber that is terminated by approximately 500 nm thick gold coating. The sensitivity of the new sensor is similar to that of a long-period-grating-type sensor, and its ease of fabrication offers a low-cost alternative to current sensing applications.     

Refractive index sensor based on tapered PCF in-line interferometer

A simple and compact refractive index sensor is demonstrated by tapering a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) in-line interferometer. The PCF is spliced between two single-mode fibers and tapered via hydrofluoric acid etching. Its sensitivity in liquid is more than an order of magnitude larger than the untapered one. By optimizing the etching process, we can fabricate more uniformly and thinly tapered PCF interferometers with higher sensitivity in the future.     

Refractive index sensor based on stress-induced long period grating

We proposed a novel refractive index sensor based on a side-polishing fiber to be cascaded with a stress-induced long period fiber grating (LPG), which is created by applying a force to a V-grooved plate on the single mode fiber with micro-bending deformation. When the refractive index (RI) surrounding the side-polishing surface is changed, the LPG-induced cladding mode light could be coupled back to the core mode, so that it will result in the magnitude variation of LPG loss-peak. This property of index sensing based on the stress-induced LPG by monitoring the power-level change may be exploited in chemical sensing and environmental monitoring applications.     

一种基于外差探测的光纤Bragg光栅温度传感器

提出了一种基于光纤Bragg光栅的温度传感器，阐述了光纤Bragg光栅的温度传感机理，用2个相同的光纤Bragg光栅构成折叠式Mach Zehnder(M Z)干涉仪，其中一个光栅作为参考臂，另一个作为传感臂：采用外差探测技术来测量外界的温度物理量。当温度发生变化，Bragg光栅的波长也随之改变。外差探测用来探测传感臂和参考臂由于温度变化引起的输出信号的频率差异。对其动态测量范围和灵敏度也进行了分析。     

Refractive index sensor using microfiber-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer

A simple and robust refractive index (RI) sensor based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer has been demonstrated. A section of optical microfiber drawn from silica fiber is employed as the sensing arm. Because of the evanescent field, a slight change of the ambient RI will lead to the variation of the microfiber propagation constant, which will further change the optical length. In order to compensate the variation of the optical length difference, a tunable optical delay line (ODL) is inserted into the other arm. By measuring the delay of the ODL, the ambient RI can be simply demodulated. A high RI sensitivity of about 7159 μm/refractive index unit is achieved at microfiber diameter of 2.0 μm.     

Simultaneous measurement of curvature and temperature based on PCF-based interferometer and fiber Bragg grating

A sensor head consisting of a photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of curvature and temperature. The MZI fabricated by splicing a short length of PCF between two single-mode fibers with the air-hole structure that completely collapsed near the splicing points, is sensitive to fiber bending and surrounding temperature, while the FBG is only sensitive to the later. Simultaneous measurement of curvature and temperature is therefore obtained. Sensitivities of 4.06 nm/m^− 1 and 6.30 pm/°C are achieved experimentally for curvature and temperature, respectively. And the corresponding resolutions are 5.2 × 10^− 4 m^− 1 and 1.25 °C for curvature and temperature, respectively, based on the wavelength measurement resolution of 10 pm.     

Simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature based on a reflection-mode long-period grating and an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer sensor

We have demonstrated a single fiber probe for simultaneous measurement of external refractive index and temperature based on two interferometers: a reflection-mode long-period grating (LPG) for refractometry and an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (IFPI) for temperature measurement. Since the output signal of the combined structure is a superposition of signals produced by both sensors, which have different spatial frequencies, the original signals needed for the index and temperature measurements can be separated and recovered through digital filters.     

双套管式光纤Bragg光栅温度传感器

研制了一种双套管式光纤Bragg光栅温度传感器,以实现无外力作用的温度测量。其中外套管隔离外加应力应变,在内套管内松弛地放置光栅以隔离封装结构的表观热应变。引入引出尾纤穿过带孔螺栓,以探测多个串联光栅。为了避免光栅处于张拉状态,封装在外套管1、外套管2和内套管中的光纤余长应分别大于1.4mm,1.8mm和0.4mm。试验结果表明,该光栅传感器的温度响应灵敏度为9.671×10-3nm/℃,温度测量分辨率为0.1℃。当水温从20℃跃变到70℃时,该传感器的温度响应时间分别为t0.5=15±2s和t0.9=52±4s。当水温从70℃跃变到20℃时,该传感器的温度响应时间分别为t0.5=26±9s和t0.9=63±8s。     

High-sensitivity temperature sensor based on Bragg grating in BDK-doped photosensitive polymer optical fiber

A single-mode polymer optical fiber (POF) with highly photosensitive core doped with benzil dimethyl ketal (BDK) is fabricated and used for writing Bragg grating through the two-beam interference method. The Bragg wavelength of the grating is about 1570 nm, while the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the reflection peak is 0.3 nm. The temperature response of POF Bragg grating is theoretically analyzed and experimentally measured in contrast to silica optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The result shows that the temperature character of POF Bragg grating is negative, which is opposite to the silica optical FBG. The absolute value of the temperature response of POF Bragg grating is one order of magnitude higher than that of the silica optical FBG, making POF Bragg grating appear to be very attractive for constructing temperature sensors with high resolution.     

温度不敏感光纤光栅压强传感器

提出了一种新颖的高灵敏度温度不敏感光纤光栅压强传感器。该传感器主要由开口环传感机构和铝箔管组成，根据光纤布拉格光栅带宽调谐原理，首次采用开口环机构和利用带宽编码技术，实现了温度不敏感压强感测。实验结果表明：该传感器在低压范围内具有很高的压强传感灵敏度系数，可达2.50×103nm/MPa，实验结果与理论分析基本相符。通过选择不同材料的开口环和铝箔管的材料以及改变其结构参数，可灵活设计并调节压强传感灵敏度系数及压强感测范围。     

一种测量温度和流速的光纤光栅传感器

提出一种基于铝片的测量温度和流速的光纤布喇格光栅(FBG)传感器。采用一种耐高温胶将光纤布喇格光栅封装在一小铝片上，经过高温固化处理，可保持光纤光栅传感器的稳定性。通过-20℃～100℃温度实验，得到该传感器的温度灵敏度系数为0.0392nm/℃,是封装前的3.5倍，且传感器温度响应保持了很好的线性和重复性。从水温14.5℃时的流速实验中得到水流速在0～20m/s范围变化时，FBG峰值波长漂移了0.13nm,验证了此光纤光栅传感器测量流速的可行性。试验结果表明，该传感器既可以作为温度传感器，又可以作为流量传感器，并且制作简单，成本较低。     

Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor based on fiber laser

A study on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensor, based on erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser, is presented. A strain-sensing element, FBG, also acts as the lasing wavelength selecting component. When strain is applied on the FBG, the laser cavity loss changes, leading to a modification of the laser transient. Strain measurements are obtained in the time domain by simply measuring the EDF laser build-up time. Relative variation in the build-up time of up to 190%, for a strain range from 0 με to 2350 με, is achieved with a resolution corresponding to a strain of better than 2.35 με. This study demonstrates a novel fiber sensor concept and the technical feasibility to develop fiber strain measurement.     

基于Bragg光纤光栅传感器的监测系统设计

设计了基于Bragg光纤光栅传感技术的监测系统,当光纤光栅所处环境的温度、应力、应变或其他物理量发生变化时,光栅的周期或纤芯折射率将发生变化,从而使反射光的波长发生变化,通过测量反射光中心波长的变化,就可以获得待测物理量的变化情况.该系统利用薄膜滤波器完成对外界的分布式测量,采用光强度检测,能够实现无缝监测.     

一种新型温度自适应光纤光栅动态传感系统

 研究了采用温度控制光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）作为信号解调器件的自适应光纤光栅动态传感系统。系统利用半导体制冷器件对滤波用FBG进行温度控制,以改变FBG的窄带滤波波长,使之在合适的滤波波长工作,以适应测量环境温度变化,实现对传感器环境温度变化的自适应。通过采用参考信道,去除系统噪音,提高测量精度。系统动态应变传感精度达到9.745×10^-10(Hz^-1/2。     

A high sensitive fiber Bragg grating cryogenic temperature sensor

At cryogenic temperature, a fiber Bragg grating （FBG） temperature sensor with controllable sensitivity and variable measurement range is demonstrated by using bimetal configuration. In experiments, sensitivities of -51.2, -86.4, and -520 pm/K are achieved by varying the lengths of the metals. Measurement ranges of 293 - 290.5, 283 - 280.5, and 259 - 256.5 K are achieved by shortening the distance of the gap among the metals.     

光纤Bragg光栅应变、温度交叉敏感问题的研究

解决应变和温度的交叉敏感,实现应变和温度同时测量一直是光纤光栅传感器研究的关键问题。从应变和温度交叉敏感的物理机制出发,较为全面地介绍了几种主要解决方案：双波长矩阵法、2个包层直径不同的FBG法、啁啾光栅法等。并且基于双波长矩阵法,提出了一种基于管式弹性应变敏感元件的光纤光栅传感器结构,很好地实现了温度150℃,压力20MPa的同时区分测量,其温度灵敏度为0.02nm/℃。解决了温度和应变同时区分测量这一技术难题。     

基于FPGA的光纤光栅传感解调系统

针对目前光纤光栅传感器解调设备存在的问题,研究设计了更低成本、便携化、性能稳定的传感器解调设备。选择系统集成度高与环境适应性强的线阵CCD光谱成像法作为解调设备整体方案,以SOPC作为嵌入式解调内核,构建传感器解调系统,并通过实验证明,高斯拟合和频谱相关算法的解调精度较高,平均偏差在0.005 0 nm以内,分别为0.003 0 nm和0.004 8 nm,有效提高了光纤光栅传感器中心波长的解调分辨力,同时也证明设计的基于FPGA的光纤光栅传感器解调系统实现了高集成度、高分辨率的解调系统要求。     

Fiber Bragg grating sensor for simultaneous measurement of displacement and temperature

A new approach to measuring displacement and temperature simultaneously by use of a specially designed isosceles triangular cantilevered beam as a strain agent is demonstrated. A fiber Bragg grating epoxied onto the beam surface is experimentally demonstrated to have a temperature sensitivity of ~0.113 nm/ degrees C below 60 degrees C and a displacement sensitivity of 9.24x10(-2) nm/mm .     

钢管套装光纤Bragg光栅温度传感器

为避免外加应力应变对温度传感器光栅的影响,提出了一种利用双钢管套装来隔离外加应力应变的方法。传感器两端留有尾纤,可实现多个传感器波分复用。为了防止因温度和外加应力应变所导致的套管形变而产生光纤拉伸,封装在两个钢管中的预留光纤长度应大于0.69mm。实验结果表明,温度在0℃~80℃之间变化时,灵敏度达到10pm/℃,线性度较好,可实现对环境温度的高精度连续监测。