A series of novel acyclic nucleosides. II. Synthesis of acyclic nucleosides bearing an imidazo[4,5-d] [1,3]oxazine ring

Novel acyclic nucleosides 3a,b,c where N-1 of acyclovir is replaced by oxygen atom were prepared. Thus, 1-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]-5-amino-4-ethoxycarbonylimidazole ( 9 ) was treated with ethoxycarbonyl isothiocyanate or benzoyl isothiocyanate to give 11e,f . Methylation of the latter with methyl iodide afforded S-methylisothiourea derivative 12f which was treated with alkali and subsequently the mixture was neutralized to give 5-amino-3-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-3H-imidazo[4,5-d][1,3]oxazin-7-one ( 3a ). Compounds 3b,c were obtained by treatment of acetic anhydride or propionic anhydride with sodium 5-amino-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]imidazole-4-carboxylate ( 7 ) which was prepared via 5-amino-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]-imidazole-4-carboxamide ( 5 ). Evaluation of acyclic oxanosine analogs for cytotoxicity and activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) revealed that all the derivatives tested were inactive, but cytotoxicity were similar or less as compared to that of acyclovir.     

Synthese von 4(5)-acyl-5(4)-alkylimidazolen aus symmetrischen 1,3-dicarbonylverbindungen

Synthesis of 4(5)-Acyl-5(4)-alkylimidazoles from Symmetrical 1,3-Diones A new synthesis of 4(5)-acyl-5(4)-alkylimidazoles 1 is described. The symmetrical 1,3-diones 5a and 5b were reacted with N₂O₄ to give the nitro compounds 7a and 7b , respectively; 5c was treated with NaNO₂ to give the nitroso compound 7c (Scheme 2). Hydrogenation of 7a , 7b and 7c over Pd/C in acetic acid/acetic formic anhydride yielded the formamides 9a , 9b and 9c , whose cyclization in formamide/formic acid afforded the 4(5)-acyl-5(4)-alkylimidazoles 1a, 1b and 1c , respectively. Oxazoles 11a and 11b were obtained from the corresponding formamides 9a and 9b with methanesulfonic acid/P₂O₅.     

Conventional and microwave reactions of 1,3-diaryl-5,4-enaminonitrile-pyrazole derivative with expected antimicrobial and anticancer activities

The present study illustrates conventional and microwave reactions of 5-amino-1,3-diaryl-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile derivative with phenacyl bromide under different conditions, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, tetrahydrofuran, phthalic anhydride, and cyanoacetic acid. The product of the latter reaction condensed with hydrazine and cyclohexanone to give the pyrazolotriazepine acetonitrile and cyclohexylidene derivatives. The new cyclohexylidene is used as key intermediate to synthesize some new spiro compounds. The behavior of the starting compound with benzaldehyde, ethylenediamine, phenylenediamine, sodium azide, 1-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene-7-sulphonic acid, diethylmalonate, terephthalaldehyde, acetyl chloride, and acetic anhydride were also investigated. The new compounds structures were established from spectroscopic data. Some of the new pyrazole derivatives showed antibacterial and anticancer activities.     

Condensed 1,3-benzothiazinones. 2. Synthesis of 2-substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-b][1,3]benzothiazin-9-ones

Heating 3-amino-2-imino-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one (1) with formic acid neat or with trimethyl orthoformate ( 2a ) in xylene gave 1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-b][1,3]benzothiazin-9-one ( 3a ) in 49 and 81% yields, respectively. An analogous reaction of 1 with triethyl orthoacetate ( 2b ) and orthopropionate ( 2c ), trifluoro-acetic and trichloroacetic anhydride ( 2d,e ), trichloroacetonitrile, dichloroacetyl, chloroacetyl, 2-chloro-propionyl, 3-chloropropionyl, ethoxyoxalyl chloride ( 2f-j ) and benzoyl chloride ( 2k ) under suitable conditions afforded a series of 2-substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-b][1,3]benzothiazin-9-ones (3b-k) in 59-98% yields. Facile procedures for the preparation of 2-hydroxy and 2-mercapto derivative 31,m were developed by treating 1 with N,N′-carbonyl- and thiocarbonyldiimidazole (21,m) . The structures of all products were assigned on the bases of spectral and elemental analyses. Compound 3m was found to exist predominantly in the 2-thioxo form.     

Synthesis and Diazotization of Diethyl 6-Amino-2-Hydroxyazulene-1,3-Dicarboxylate and Its 2-Acetoxyl Derivative

Diethyl 6-amino-2-hydroxyazulene-1,3-dicarboxylate ( 6a ) and 2-acetoxyl derivative ( 6b ) were synthesized by reduction of the 6-azido derivatives ( 5a,b ) with zinc/acetic acid in excellent yields. 5a and 5b were prepared by azidation of diethyl 2-acetoxy-6-bromoazulene-1,3-dicarboxylate (4). Diazotization of 6a with sodium nitrite in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid in dioxane gave diethyl 2-hydroxy- ( 7a ), 2,6-dihydroxy- ( 8a ), and 2-hydroxy-6-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]-azulene-1,3-dicarboxylates ( 9a ), in 5, 35 and 20% yields, respectively. Similar reaction of 6b gave the corresponding acetates 7b, 8b , and 9b , compounds of the same type from 6a . No evidence for the formation of 6-diazo-1,3-diethoxycarbonyl-2(6H) azulenone ( 2b ) was obtained in the employed reaction conditions.     

Heterocyclic Syntheses on the Basis of Arylation Products of Unsaturated Compounds: X. 3-Aryl-2-chloropropanals as Reagents for the Synthesis of 2-Amino-1,3-thiazole Derivatives

Meerwein reaction of arenediazonium chlorides with acrolein gave 3-aryl-2-chloropropanals which were brought into cyclocondensation with thiourea. The resulting 2-amino-5-benzyl-1,3-thiazoles were acylated with carboxylic acid chlorides and phthalic anhydride to afford, respectively, 2-acylamino-5-benzyl-1,3-thiazoles and N-(5-benzyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)phthalimides.     

A NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF 2-SUBSTITUTED-4H-THIENO [2,3-d][1,3] OXAZIN-4-ONE AND 2,3-DISUBSTITUTED THIENO [2,3-d]PYRIMIDIN-4(3H)-ONE DERIVATIVES

Abstract

The synthesis of acetic 2-{[1-methyl-2-(4-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-benzo [4,5]-thieno [2,3-d] [1,3-oxazin-2-yl)ethylidene]amino}-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrohenzo[b]thiophene ?3-carboxylic acid anhydride 5 and 2-(oxopropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-benzo-[4,5] thieno[2,3-d][1,3]oxazin-4-one 7, has been achieved in three steps from ethyl 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo(b]thiophene-3-carboxlate 1 via the reaction with ethyl acetoacetate followed by hydrolysis and acetic anhydride-induced cyclization. The 2-substituent in compound 5 has two functional groups i.e. active methylene and acid anhydride which are suitably located for intramolecular transformation. Thermal and/or base catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of 5 afforded 2-(4-acetoxy-(hydroxyl)-2-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5] thieno[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-5,6,7,8- tetrahydro-4H-benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d] [1,3]oxazin-4-one 10 and 9 respectively. Treatment of 5 with hydrazine hydrate, aromatic and/or heterocyclic amines induced the same intramolecular cyclization with a concomitant oxazine-pyrimidine interconversion to give 3-amino(aryl or heteryl)-2-(4-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrdhydrobenzo-[4,5]thieno[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydrobenzo[4,5] thieno[2,3-d] pyrimid in-4-one 11–14 respectively.     

一步法合成N-1,3-二羟基丙烷-2-基烷基乙酰胺

以5-氨基烷基-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二噁烷为起始原料, 乙酸酐为酰化剂, 一步法选择性地合成氨基二醇类氨基乙酰化产物N-1,3-二羟基丙烷-2-基烷基乙酰胺. 该方法操作简便, 收率高. 所合成的4个新化合物的结构均经FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR及HRMS确证. N-3-(1,3-二羟基丙烷-2-基)丙基乙酰胺(1a)作为关键的中间体, 可以用于HIV-1 Tat/ PCAF BRD抑制剂4的合成.     

Zur Synthese sulfonierter Derivate von 4-Amino-1,3-dimethylbenzol und 2-Amino-1,3-dimethylbenzol

Syntheses of Sulfonated Derivatives of 4-Amino-1, 3-dimethylbenzene and 2-Amino-1, 3-dimethylbenzene Direct sulfonation of 4-amino-1, 3-dimethylbenzene (1) and sulfonation of 4-nitro-1,3-dimethylbenzene ( 4 ) to 4-nitro-1,3-dimethylbenzene-6-sulfonic acid ( 3 ) followed by reduction yield 4-amino-1,3-dimethylbenzene-6-sulfonic acid ( 2 ). The isomeric 5-sulfonic acid ( 5 ) however is prepared solely by baking the acid sulfate salt of 1 . Reaction of sulfur dioxide with the diazonium chloride derived from 2-amino-4-nitro-1,3-dimethylbenzene ( 7 ) leads to 4-nitro-1,3-dimethylbenzene-2-sulfonyl chloride ( 8 ), which is successively hydrolyzed to 4-nitro-1,3-dimethylbenzene-2-sulfonic acid ( 9 ) and reduced to 4-amino-1, 3-dimethylbenzene-2-sulfonic acid ( 6 ). Treatment of 4-amino-6-bromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene ( 12 ) and 4-amino-6-chloro-1, 3-dimethylbenzene ( 13 ), the former obtained by reduction of 4-chloro-6-nitro-1,3-dimethyl-benzene ( 10 ) and the latter from 4-chloro-6-nitro-1, 3-dimethylbenzene ( 11 ), with oleum yield 4-amino-6-bromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene-2-sulfonic acid ( 14 ) and 4-amino-6-chloro-1,3-dimethylbenzene-2-sulfonic acid ( 15 ) respectively; subsequent carbon-halogen hydrogenolyses of 14 and 15 lead also to 6 (Scheme 1). Baking the acid sulfate salt of 2-amino-1, 3-dimethylbenzene ( 17 ) gives 2-amino-1, 3-dimethylbenzene-5-sulfonic acid ( 16 ), whereas the isomeric 4-sulfonic acid ( 18 ) can be prepared by either of the following three possible pathways: Sulfonation of 2-nitro-1,3-dimethylbenzene ( 20 ) to 2-nitro-1,3-dimethylbenzene-4-sulfonic acid ( 21 ) followed by reduction or sulfonation of 2-acetylamino-1,3-dimethylbenzene ( 19 ) to 2-acetylamino-1,3-dimethylbenzene-4-sulfonic acid ( 22 ) with subsequent hydrolysis or direct sulfonation of 17 . Further sulfonation of 18 yields 2-amino 1,3-dimethylbenzene-4,6-disulfonic acid ( 23 ), the structure of which is independently confirmed by reduction of unequivocally prepared 2-nitro- 1,:3-dimethylbenzene-4,6-disulfonic acid ( 24 )(Scheme 2).     

3-acyl-1,5-benzodiazepines in the reactions of 5,5-dimethyl-2-formylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with certain 1,2-diaminobenzenes

Reaction of 5,5-dimethyl-2-formylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with 4-methyl-, 4-benzoyl-, and 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzenes gave the corresponding 2-(2-amino-4-methylphenylaminomethylene)-, 2-(2-amino-5-benzoylphenylaminomethylene)-, and 2-(2-amino-5-nitrophenylaminomethylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-diones. When treated with hydrochloric acid, they cyclize to 7-methyl-, 8-benzoyl-, and 8-nitro-3,3-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepinon hydrochlorides. Under hydrolytic conditions the salts of 3,3,7-trimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepinone and 3,3-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepinone undergo the C₁₁−N₁₀ bond cleavage to give N-(2-aminophenyl)- and N-(2-amino-5-methylphenyl)-substituted 3-amino-2-formyl-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enones. Ring opening of the hydrochlorides of 8-benzoyl-, and 3,3-dimethyl-8-nitro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepinones occurs at the C−N₅ bond and gives the starting enamines. Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1658, Latvia; Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, N. 5, pp. 696–700, May, 1999.     

Fused s-triazino heterocycles. XV. 13H-4,6,7,13a,13c-pentaazabenzo[hi]chrysene, 13H-4,7,13a,13c-tetraazabenzo[hi]chrysene,and 7H-3,7,10,10b-tetraazacyclohepta[de]naphthalene,three new ring systems

The reaction of N-cyano-N′-(6-amino-2-pyridyl)acetamidine ( 5a ) and homophthalic anhydride followed by ring closure of the 2-[2-(carboxymethyl)phenyl]-5-methyl-1,3,4,6,9b-pentaazaphenalene intermediate ( 4a ) gave 5-methyl-13-oxo-13H-4,6,7,13a,13c-pentaazabenzo[hi]chrysene ( 8a ). An analogous series starting with 3-N-(6-amino-2-pyridyl)amino-2-cyano-2-butenenitrile ( 5b ) in place of 5a gave in two steps 5-methyl-13-oxo-13-H-4,7,13a,13c-tetraazabenzo[hi]chrysene-6-carbonitrile ( 8b ). Elemental analysis, ir and pmr spectra of 8a , 8b and several new model compounds aided in confirming the structures of 8a and 8b. The synthesis of one of these model compounds for 5b and phenylacetic anhydride led surprisingly to 2-methyl-9-phenyl-7H-3,7,-10,10b-tetraazacyclohepta[de]naphthalene ( 10 ) in addition to the expected 2-benzyl-4-cyano-5-methyl-1,3,-6,9b-tetraazaphenalene ( 7b ).     

Cyanamides in the synthesis of 1,3-thiazole and 1,3-thiazine derivatives

Hetaryl, aroyl, and aryl cyanamides react with 2-sulfanylbenzoic acid, 2-aminobenzenethiol, and 2-aminoethanethiol to give derivatives of 2-amino-4H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one, 1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine, and 4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-amine.     

Synthesis and antiangiogenic activities of 5-amino-1,3-dihydro-1, 3-dioxo-2H-isoindole-2-propanoic acid derivatives

Based on the structure-activity relationships and antiangiogenic mechanism of RGD-containing peptides,a series of 5-amino- 1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindole derivatives were synthesized.The structures were characterized by ~1H NMR,MS and elementary analysis.There ability to inhibit angiogenesis were evaluated by chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay at 10~(-5) mol/L.Compounds 7a and 7b displayed obvious antiangiogenic activity.     

Pyrimidines. 20. Novel reactions of 5-cyano-1,3-dimethyluracil. A simple synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines

A reaction of 5-cyano-1,3-dimethyluracil (1, R = CN) with acetone in base afforded 1,3,7-trimethylpyrido-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)dione ( 9a ) in a moderate yield. From a reaction mixture of 1 (R = CN) with butanone, 1,3,6,7-tetramethyl- and 7-ethyl-1,3-dimethylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione ( 9b and 9c , respectively) were isolated in low yields. When ethyl cyanoacetate or malononitrile was used in place of the ketone in the above reaction, 7-amino-6-ethoxycarbonyl- and 7-amino-6-cyano-1,3-dimethylpyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione ( 14a and 14b , respectively) were obtained in quantitative yields. A plausible mechanism for the formation of bicyclic compounds is discussed.     

Radikalische Cyclisierungen von Alkenyl-substituierten 4,5-Dihydro-1,3-thiazol-5-thiolen

Radical Cyclizations of Alkenyl-Substituted 4,5-Dihydro-1,3-thiazole-5-thiols Heating of 5-alkenyl- or 5-alkinyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole-5-thiols of type 5 in the presence of a radical initiator gave dithiaspirobicycles in fair-to-excellent yield (Scheme 3). Under analogous conditions, the 4,5-dihydro-4-vinyl-1,3-thiazole-5-thiol 5d underwent a cyclization to give the annellated dithiabicycle 7 (Scheme 4). In this reaction, a minor product 8 was formed by an unknown reaction mechanism. The structure of 8 was established by X-ray crystallography. The starting 1,3-thiazole-5-thiols 5 have been synthesized by carbophilic alkylation of me C?S group of 1,3-thiazole-5(4H)-thiones with Grignard-reagents or alkylcuprates. The thiazolethiones were obtained by the reaction of 3-amino-2H-azirines with thiobenzoic acid followed by sulfurization and cyclization. The 4-benzyl derivative 1b was thermally rearranged via 1,3-benzyl migration to yield the benzyl (1,3-thiazol-5-yl) sulfide 11 (Scheme 5).     

1,3-Oxathiole and Thiirane Derivatives from the Reactions of Azibenzil and α-diazo amides with thiocarbonyl compounds

The reactions of α-diazo ketones 1a,b with 9H-fluorene-9-thione ( 2f ) in THF at room temperature yielded the symmetrical 1,3-dithiolanes 7a,b , whereas 1b and 2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutane-1,3-dithione ( 2d ) in THF at 60° led to a mixture of two stereoisomeric 1,3-oxathiole derivatives cis- and trans- 9a (Scheme 2). With 2-diazo-1,2-diphenylethanone ( 1c ), thio ketones 2a–d as well as 1,3-thiazole-5(4H)-thione 2g reacted to give 1,3-oxathiole derivatives exclusively (Schemes 3 and 4). As the reactions with 1c were more sluggish than those with 1a,b , they were catalyzed either by the addition of LiClO₄ or by Rh₂(OAc)₄. In the case of 2d in THF/LiClO₄ at room temperature, a mixture of the monoadduct 4d and the stereoisomeric bis-adducts cis- and trans- 9b was formed. Monoadduct 4d could be transformed to cis- and trans- 9b by treatment with 1c in the presence of Rh₂(OAc)₄ (Scheme 4). Xanthione ( 2e ) and 1c in THF at room temperature reacted only when catalyzed with Rh₂(OAc)₄, and, in contrast to the previous reactions, the benzoyl-substituted thiirane derivative 5a was the sole product (Scheme 4). Both types of reaction were observed with α-diazo amides 1d,e (Schemes 5–7). It is worth mentioning that formation of 1,3-oxathiole or thiirane is not only dependent on the type of the carbonyl compound 2 but also on the α-diazo amide. In the case of 1d and thioxocyclobutanone 2c in THF at room temperature, the primary cycloadduct 12 was the main product. Heating the mixture to 60°, 1,3-oxathiole 10d as well as the spirocyclic thiirane-carboxamide 11b were formed. Thiirane-carboxamides 11d–g were desulfurized with (Me₂N)₃P in THF at 60°, yielding the corresponding acrylamide derivatives (Scheme 7). All reactions are rationalized by a mechanism via initial formation of acyl-substituted thiocarbonyl ylides which undergo either a 1,5-dipolar electrocyclization to give 1,3-oxathiole derivatives or a 1,3-dipolar electrocyclization to yield thiiranes. Only in the case of the most reactive 9H-fluorene-9-thione ( 2f ) is the thiocarbonyl ylide trapped by a second molecule of 2f to give 1,3-dithiolane derivatives by a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.     

The reaction of o-phthalaldchydic acid with 5-amino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole

o-Phthalaldchydic acid reacted with 5-amino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole to yield 5-amino-1,3-dimethyl-4-phthalidylpyrazole. The latter was transformed to a tricyclic system; 1,3-dimethylpyrazolo [3,4-b]benzazepin-9-one, which in turn was reduced with lithium aluminum hydride to 9,10-dihydro-1,3-dimethylpyrazolo[3,4-b]benzazepine.     

Chelation-control in the formal [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis-(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 1-hydroxy-5-silyloxy-hex-4-en-3-ones. One-pot synthesis of 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins

The [3+3] cyclization of 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 1-hydroxy-5-silyloxy-hex-4-en-3-ones resulted in the one-pot formation of 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins. The reactions proceeded by regioselective cyclization to give 6-(2-aryl-2-chloroethyl)salicylates, which underwent a silica gel-mediated lactonization. The cyclizations of protected 1-amino-5-silyloxy-hex-4-en-3-ones proved to be not regioselective.     

Reactions of 2-acyl-1,3-indandiones with monosubstituted hydrazines and hydrazides

Methyl- and phenylhydrazines react with 2-(diphenylacetyl)-1,3-indandione ( 1 ) to yield respectively the 1-(methylhydrazone) and the 1-(phenylhydrazone) of 2-(diphenylacetyl)-1,3-indandione ( 2a and 2b ). In comparison, acetic and benzoic acid hydrazides react with 1 to give respectively the α-(acetylhydrazone) and the α-(benzoylhydrazone) of 2-(diphenylacetyl)-1,3-indandione ( 3a and 3b ). Cyclization of 2a and 2b gives 2,3-disubstituted indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(2H)-ones ( 7a and 7b ). Cyclization of 3a and 3b , followed by methylation, gives 1-methyl- and 2-methyl-3-(diphenylmethyl)indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1 and 2H)-ones ( 9a and 9b ). 2-Isovaleryl-1,3-indandione reacts with phenylhydrazine to give directly 3-isobutyl-1-phenylindeno[1,2-c]-pyrazol-4(1H)-one ( 10 ).     

Condensed 1,3-benzothiazinones. 1. Facile synthesis of 2-amino-1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-b][1,3]-benzothiazin-9-one

Treating 2-mercaptobenzohydrazide ( 1a ) with cyanogen bromide gave 3-amino-2-imino-3,4-dihydro-2.H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one ( 2a ). This compound underwent further cyclocondensation with a second molecule of cyanogen bromide or S-methylisothiourea sulfate to afford the biologically interesting 2-amino-1,2,4-triazolo-[5,1-b][1,3]benzothiazin-9-one ( 3c ). Compound 3c could also be prepared directly from 1a by treating with excess amount of cyanogen bromide in more satisfactory yield.