Short-Time Decoherence of Solid-State Qubit at Optimal Operation Points

We investigate the short-time decoherence of a solid-state qubit under Ohmic noise at optimal operation points. The decoherence is analyzed by maximum norm of the deviation density operator. It is shown that at the temperature T = 3 mK, the loss of the fidelity due to decoherence is much smaller than the DiVincenzo low decoherence criterion, which means that the model may be an optimal candidate of qubit for quantum computation.     

Short-Time Effects of Environment to Josephson Charge Qubit： A Master Equation Approach

In this paper we investigate an environmental effects to Josephson charge qubit （JCQ） when the environment is taken as the Ohmic bath. At first, we derive the master equation from a JCQ-bath model. Then we investigate the coefficients of the equations that describe the shift in frequency, diffusive, decoherence, and so on. It is shown that our result on decoherence agrees with experimental one very well as the time is short enough.     

Entropy Squeezing in Coupled Field-Superconducting Charge Qubit with Intrinsic Decoherence

We investigate the entropy squeezing in the system of a superconducting charge qubit coupled to a single mode field. We find an exact solution of the Milburn equation for the system and discuss the influence of intrinsic decoherence on entropy squeezing. As a comparison, we also consider the variance squeezing. Our results show that in the absence of the intrinsic decoherence both entropy and variance squeezings have the same periodic properties of time,and occur at the same range of time. However, when the intrinsic decoherence is considered, we find that as the time going on the entropy squeezing disappears fast than the variance squeezing, there exists a range of time where entropy squeezing can occur but variance squeezing cannot.     

Entropy Squeezing in Coupled Field-Superconducting Charge Qubit with Intrinsic Decoherence

We investigate the entropy squeezing in the system of a superconducting charge qubit coupled to a single mode field. We find an exact solution of the Milburn equation for the system and discuss the influence of intrinsic decoherence on entropy squeezing. As a comparison, we also consider the variance squeezing. Our results show that in the absence of the intrinsic decoherence both entropy and variance squeezings have the same periodic properties of time, and occur at the same range of time. However, when the intrinsic decoherence is considered, we find that as the time going on the entropy squeezing disappears fast than the variance squeezing, there exists a range of time where entropy squeezing can occur but variance squeezing cannot.     

Quantum Decoherence of Charge Qubit Coupled to Nonlinear Nanomechanical Resonator

When the nonlinearity of nanomechanical resonator is not negligible,the quantum decoherence of charge qubit is studied analytically.Using nonlinear Jaynes–Cummings model,one explores the possibility of being quantum data bus for nonlinear nanomechanical resonator,the nonlinearity destroys the dynamical quantum information-storage and maintains the revival of quantum coherence of charge qubit.With the calculation of decoherence factor,we demonstrate the influence of the nonlinearity of nanomechanical resonator on engineered decoherence of charge qubit.     

Quantum Decoherence of Charge Qubit Coupled to Nonlinear Nanomechanical Resonator

When the nonlinearity of nanomechanical resonator is not negligible, the quantum decoherence of charge qubit is studied analytically. Using nonlinear Jaynes-Cummings model, one explores the possibility of being quantum data bus for nonlinear nanomechanical resonator, the nonlinearity destroys the dynamical quantum information-storage and maintains the revival of quantum coherence of charge qubit. With the calculation of decoherence factor, we demonstrate the influence of the nonlinearity of nanomechanical resonator on engineered decoherence of charge qubit.     

Charge Qubit Storage and Its Engineered Decoherence via Microwave Cavity

We study the entanglement of the superconducting charge qubit with the quantized electromagnetic field in a microwave cavity. It can be controlled dynamically by a classical external field threading the SQUID within the charge qubit. Utilizing the controllable quantum entanglement, we can demonstrate the dynamic process of the quantum storage of information carried by charge qubit. On the other hand, based on this engineered quantum entanglement, we can also demonstrate a progressive decoherence of charge qubit with quantum jump due to the coupling with the cavity field in quasi-classical state.     

Progress in superconducting qubits from the perspective of coherence and readout

Superconducting qubits are Josephson junction-based circuits that exhibit macroscopic quantum behavior and can be manipulated as artificial atoms.Benefiting from the well-developed technology of microfabrication and microwave engineering,superconducting qubits have great advantages in design flexibility,controllability,and scalability.Over the past decade,there has been rapid progress in the field,which greatly improved our understanding of qubit decoherence and circuit optimization.The single-qubit coherence time has been steadily raised to the order of 10 to 100μs,allowing for the demonstration of high-fidelity gate operations and measurement-based feedback control.Here we review recent progress in the coherence and readout of superconducting qubits.     

Decoherence of qubits: results beyond Markovian approximation

In this paper the master equation method is used to calculate the relaxation and decoherence times of a qubit. The results are beyond Markovian approximation, where the noise spectrum is assumed to be wide-band, so that they are valid for not only the wide- but also the narrow-band noises, which may be the main decoherence source in solid-state qubits. Moreover, for some special cases, analytical results can be achieved, which are consistent with those derived by others.     

Decoherence of two-qubit system in a non-Markovian squeezed reservoir

The decoherence of two initially entangled qubits coupled with a squeezed vacuum cavity separately is investigated exactly. The results show that, first, in principle, the disentanglement time decreases with the increase of squeeze parameter r, due to the augmenting of average photon number of every mode in the squeezed vacuum cavity. Second, there appear entanglement revivals after the complete disentanglement for the case of even parity initial Bell state, while there occur the entanglement decrease and the entanglement revival before the complete disentanglement for the case of odd parity initial Bell state. The results are quite different from those for the case of qubits in a vacuum cavity.     

The initial decoherence of the mesoscopic Josephson junction flux qubit

For a mesoscopic radio frequency superconducting quantum interference device (rfSQUID), at a degeneracy point, the system reduces to a quantum two-state system which can be used as a flux qubit. When the noise environment is equivalent to a harmonic oscillators bath, by virtue of an operator-norm measure for the short time decoherence, this paper investigates the initial decoherence of the flux qubit operating in the ohmic noise environment and illustrates its property by means of the numerical evaluation.     

Investigation of Decoherence of Superconducting Charge Qubit Entangled with the Environment

In the Born-Markov approximation, a method that calculates the energy relaxation time T ₁ and the decoherence time T ₂ of superconducting qubits is given by solving the set of Bloch-Redfield equations and considering the results of decoherence of a superconducting charge qubit. Compared to the spin-boson model, it not only contains the decoherence being caused by the dissipative environment, but also includes the decoherence being generated by the dissipative elements in a superconducting electronic circuit. Hence, it is good for studying the decoherence of superconducting qubits comprehensively.     

Decoherence of a Double Quantum Dot Charge Qubit Approached with Redfield Equation

In this paper, we investigate the decoherence time of a double quantum dot （DQD） charge qubit in three kinds of baths through solving dynamics of the qubit. The dynamics of the qubit is investigated with Redfield master equation. It is shown that the decoherence time of the qubit in Ohmic bath has the same order of magnitude as the experiments reported. When the environment is modeled with the supra-Ohmic bath the decoherence time of the qubit is shorter than the experimental result. And when modeled with the sub-Ohmic bath the decoherence time of the qubit is longer than the experimental result.     

Decoherence dynamics of a charge qubit coupled to the noise bath

By virtue of the canonical quantization method, we present a quantization scheme for a charge qubit based on the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), taking the self-inductance of the loop into account. Under reasonable short-time approximation, we study the effect of decoherence in the ohmic case by employing the response function and the norm. It is confirmed that the decoherence time, which depends on the parameters of the circuit components, the coupling strength, and the temperature, can be as low as several picoseconds, so there is enough time to record the information.     

Observation of excitation in asymmetric flux qubits coupled inductively

We measured magnetic flux produced by coupled flux qubits with a switching current measurement of a DC-SQUID. Both the circulating currents and the SQUID–qubit coupling were designed to be asymmetric. The experimental result exhibits a broad peak and dip, and does not agree with the thermally averaged magnetic flux calculated with the two qubit Hamiltonian. This disagreement can be explained in terms of nonthermal excitation of the coupled qubits, which is probably caused by the microwaves generated by the DC-SQUID in the voltage state.     

Entangled State in Quantization of Magnetic Flux Qubits with Mutual Inductance Coupling

Via the Hamilton dynamical approach we have constructed Hamiltonian for the mutual inductance coupling magnetic flux qubits. The entangled state representation is used to propose Cooper-pair number-phase quantization and the Hamiltonian operator for the whole system. The dynamical evolution of the phase difference operator and the Cooper-pairs number operator is investigated by virtue of Heisenberg equations. Project 10574060 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and project X071045 supported by the Science Foundation of Liaocheng University.     

Fabrication of Al/AlO_x/Al junctions using pre-exposure technique at 30-keV e-beam voltage

We fabricate high-quality A1/A1O_x/A1 junctions using improved bridge and bridge-free techniques at 30-keV e-beam voltage,in which the length of undercut and the size of junction can be well controlled by the pre-exposure technique.The dose window is 5 times as large as that used in the usual Dolan bridge technique,making this technique much more robust.Similar results,comparable with those achieved using a 100-keV e-beam writer,are obtained,which indicate that the 30-keV e-beam writer could be an economic choice for the superconducting qubit fabrication.     

噪声对超导量子比特测量系统的影响

详细介绍了噪声对超导量子比特测量系统的影响。测量系统通过对时间的测量来获得单个约瑟夫森结跳变电流统计分布P(I)。在测量电路中采取了一系列的降噪措施,使得实验所能测到的约瑟夫森结的最低等效温度进一步的降低。     

Design of a gap tunable flux qubit with FastHenry

In the preparations of superconducting qubits, circuit design is a vital process because the parameters and layout of the circuit not only determine the way we address the qubits, but also strongly affect the qubit coherence properties. One of the most important circuit parameters, which needs to be carefully designed, is the mutual inductance among different parts of a superconducting circuit. In this paper we demonstrate how to design a gap-tunable flux qubit by layout design and inductance extraction using a fast field solver Fast Henry. The energy spectrum of the gap-tunable flux qubit shows that the measured parameters are close to the design values.     

Fabrication of Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions and superconducting quantum circuits by shadow evaporation and a dynamic oxidation process

Besides serving as promising candidates for realizing quantum computing,superconducting quantum circuits are one of a few macroscopic physical systems in which fundamental quantum phenomena can be directly demonstrated and tested,giving rise to a vast field of intensive research work both theoretically and experimentally.In this paper we report our work on the fabrication of superconducting quantum circuits,starting from its building blocks:Al/AlOx /Al Josephson junctions.By using electron beam lithography patterning and shadow evaporation,we have fabricated aluminum Josephson junctions with a controllable critical current density(jc) and wide range of junction sizes from 0.01 μm2 up to 1 μm2.We have carried out systematical studies on the oxidation process in fabricating Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions suitable for superconducting flux qubits.Furthermore,we have also fabricated superconducting quantum circuits such as superconducting flux qubits and charge-flux qubits.