四齿四棱草根部环肽化合物的分离及鉴定

通过正相和反相硅胶柱层析,从四齿四棱草根部的乙醇提取物中分离纯化出4个环肽化合物,经波谱分析等鉴定了其结构,其中2个新化合物的结构分别为cyclo(-N-Pro¹-Pro²-Phe¹-Phe²-Leu¹-Ser-Thr-Leu²-CO)(1,四棱草肽C)和cyclo(-N-Pro¹-Pro²-His-Gly-Val-Asn-Ile-Trp-CO)(2,四棱草肽D).     

四齿四棱草根部的两个新二萜化合物

通过硅胶柱层析从我国特有属植物四齿四棱草(Schnabelia tetradonta)根部乙醇提取物中分离纯化出2个新的17(15→16)-移-20-降松香烷型二萜化合物,分别命名为四棱草内酯A和B.经波谱分析,将它们的结构确定为17(15→16)-移-20-降松香烷-12,16-环氧-7,17-二羟基-5(10),6,8,12,15-五烯-11,14-二酮-18(1)-内酯(1)和17(15→16)-移-20-降松香烷-12,16-环氧-7-羟基-5(10),6,8,12,15-五烯-11,14-二酮-18(1)-内酯(2).具有这种分子骨架的二萜化合物为首次报道.     

基于Citespace知识图谱的活性环肽研究进展和趋势分析

环肽是具有环状结构的多肽链,因其独特的结构和有价值的功能,如抗肿瘤、抗菌、调节免疫抑制活性、杀虫、溶血、抗HIV等,而受到广泛的关注。本文采用CiteSpace 5.7 R5软件在中国知网(CNKI)以及Web of Science核心合集数据库检索关于活性环肽的文献,并对作者、机构、关键词进行可视化分析,经过筛选、排除与主题无关的文献,最终获纳入中文文献538篇,英文文献792篇。网络知识图谱分析显示,周涛和江维克、David Jcraik是发表中文和英文文献最多的作者;而中国科学院、澳大利亚昆士兰大学分别是发表中文和英文文献数量最多的研究机构,但是机构间、团队间的合作仍需进一步待加强。中、英文文献关键词分析显示,研究的内容主要集中在新型活性环肽的发现、类似物的设计合成以及抗肿瘤、抗菌药理活性的研究等。活性环肽固相合成工艺研究、环肽介导的纳米药物靶向递送研究、活性环肽在抗癌药物方面的应用等可能成为未来研究的主要方向。     

胸腺素α1的C端活性片段环肽类似物的合成与生物活性评价

用硫酯法合成了一系列Tα1的C端活性片段的环肽类似物, 以提高其活性与稳定性. 用促淋巴细胞增殖法测定了环肽类似物的生物活性, 结果表明, 环肽类似物较好地保留或提高了促淋巴细胞增殖活性.     

谷胱甘肽和凋亡酶-3响应的环肽分子荧光探针

设计、合成了一类新型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)和凋亡酶-3(Caspase-3)响应的环肽分子荧光探针.该类探针主要由能量共振转移(FRET)分子荧光对、Caspase-3特异性识别多肽序列和GSH响应双硫键组成,分为不含穿膜肽序列(CP)和包含穿膜肽序列(cp CP)的两种不同环肽分子荧光探针.2种环肽分子荧光探针均能实现在GSH和Caspase-3同时存在情况下的精确成像,同时具有良好的响应性、特异性和高信噪比.该类环肽分子荧光探针在细胞培养环境中具有良好的稳定性和生物相容性.利用该探针,可以实现对星形孢菌素(STS)诱发的细胞凋亡进行实时、原位的成像监测,并对抗肿瘤药物阿霉素(DOX)和顺铂(cisplatin)诱导的细胞凋亡进行成像.这种具有多重响应并能用于精确成像的分子荧光探针将极大地促进疾病的精确诊断.     

微波促进催产素和赖氨加压素环肽的固相合成

以Rink Amide-MBHA树脂为载体, 采用Fmoc/tBu正交保护固相合成策略, 运用微波照射促进, 先快速高效地合成得到载有催产素或赖氨加压素还原型多肽的树脂, 再将连接在树脂上的各还原型多肽分别在微波促进条件下和常温条件下环合形成二硫键制得环肽, 最后用Reagent K试剂将环肽从树脂上裂解下来得到目标多肽的粗品. 利用HPLC法测定不同固相环合条件下得到的多肽粗品纯度, 结果显示经微波促进固相环合得到的多肽粗品纯度明显高于常温条件下得到的多肽粗品纯度. 粗品最后经过反相制备高效液相系统纯化并冻干得到目标多肽纯品, 通过电喷雾质谱法测定了制得的还原型多肽及相应环肽的分子量, 验证了它们的结构.     

抗癌环肽药物放线菌素D新类似物的化学全合成研究

放线菌素D(Actinomycin D,AMD,其结构如Scheme 1所示)是肿瘤的临床治疗药物之一,用于小儿肾母细胞瘤(Wilm’s tumor)、恶性葡萄胎及妊娠绒毛膜上皮癌等一些恶性肿瘤的治疗,但由于毒性太大而限制了其应用范围。     

电喷雾电离质谱法研究环肽对HIV-1调控区DNA的识别及其相关碎裂机理和稳定性

利用电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)和二级质谱(MS/MS)研究了六种结构不同的环五肽, 环七肽以及环十肽与HIV-1调控区DNA的非共价键相互作用. 在研究中比较了不同识别分子与靶序列DNA结合的强弱, 发现环七肽CP5对靶点DNA具有高亲合性的结合. 用MS/MS法研究了环肽与DNA复合物的碎裂机理; 用升温实验研究了其热稳定性, 发现与CP5结合后能提高HIV-1双螺旋DNA的热稳定性.     

四萜Methyl Sartortuoate 的分离和NMR归属

从采自海南岛三亚的扭曲肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophyton tortuosum中分离得到3个新四萜和1个已知四萜methyl sar-tortuoate (1). 利用HMQC, ¹H-¹HCOSY, HMBC等二维NMR方法首次对methyl sartortuoate (1)的所有¹H, ¹³C NMR信号进行了完全的归属.     

十二烷基硫酸钠-水溶性非离子大分子间团簇化作用部位的1H和13C及2D NMR表征

运用 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NOESY-NMR及2D ROESY-NMR等多种波谱技术联合表征典型阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)与典型水溶性非离子大分子聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)或聚乙二醇(PEG)间的团簇化作用部位. NMR综合分析结果表明, SDS分子亲水头基邻近的C1~C2片段与PVP分子中内酰胺氮为中心的主链α-C、 五元环上羰基C1(记为P1)及C4(记为P4)片段给出较强的作用信号, 推断SDS分子亲水头基与PVP分子中内酰胺氮及其两者的相邻区域可能为形成团簇时SDS束缚胶束与PVP间超分子作用的主要部位. 而SDS束缚胶束与PEG形成团簇时, 除极性部位及其相邻区域的相互作用外, 部分PEG链节可能渗入到SDS束缚胶束的C3部位或更深的内部.     

Rate constants and branching ratios for the dissociative recombination of C3D(+)7 and C4D(+)9

Product branching ratios and thermal rate coefficients for the dissociative recombination of C3D(+)7 and C4D(+)9 have been measured in the ion storage ring CRYRING. The results for C3D(+)7 are believed to be slightly more accurate than those obtained earlier for C3H(+)7. Only the C-C bond breaking channels could be measured for C4D(+)9 and were found to be in excellent agreement with earlier data.     

Structure of yingzhaosu C and D

The structures of yingzhaosu C(3) and D(4) have been determined by spectroscopic analysis in combination with chemical degradation.     

Synthesis and evaluation of fluorogenic substrates for phospholipase D and phospholipase C

Fluorogenic analogues of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine, DDPB and lysoDDPB, were synthesized by an enzyme-assisted strategy. The analogues were evaluated as substrates for phospholipases C and D and lysophospholipase D. DDPB was cleaved by bacterial and plant phospholipase D (PLD) enzymes and represents the first direct fluorogenic substrate for real-time measurement of PLD activity. Both fluorogenic substrates have potential in screening for PLD and PC-PLC inhibitors and for monitoring spatiotemporal changes in PLD activity in cells. [structure: see text]     

Structural revision of peribysins C and D

Structural revision of the cell-adhesion inhibitory eremophilane sesquiterpenoid peribysins C and D is reported. A CAST/CNMR system is utilized in the reinvestigation of ¹³C NMR chemical shift values and structures, and geometric analyses with molecular and quantum mechanics calculations, and revalidation of NMR data support the revised structures.     

Total synthesis of abyssomicin C, atrop-abyssomicin C, and abyssomicin D: implications for natural origins of atrop-abyssomicin C

In this article, the total syntheses of the antibiotic abyssomicin C (1) and its biologically inactive sibling abyssomicin D (3) are described. A number of unforseen roadblocks in our synthetic plan encouraged innovation, which culminated in the discovery of a new Lewis acid-templated Diels-Alder reaction. En route to abyssomicin C, we prepared and characterized its stable conformational isomer atrop-abyssomicin C (57), which in the presence of a strong acid underwent an unusual interconversion with the targeted natural product. Close inspection of the X-ray crystallographic structures of these compounds led to hypotheses on the mechanism of their interconversion. Attempted reduction of both atropisomers revealed that atrop-abyssomicin C afforded abyssomicin D much more readily, suggesting that this previously unknown atropisomer may be synthesized by the host organism and serves as a direct precursor of abyssomicin D. Finally, to gain insight into the mechanism of antiobiotic activity, several synthetic intermediates and designed analogues were evaluated for biological activity.     

A New Method for the Synthesis of C/D Ring Synthon of Vitamin D

Inrecentyears,vitaminDresearchareahasbeenstimulatedbythediscoveriesthatIQ,25-dihydroxyvitaminD,,theactivemetaboliteofvitaminD,,inadditiontotheclassicalrolesofregulatingcalciumandphosphorusmetabolisms',hasamuchbroaderspectrumofactivitiesthanoriginallythought,suchaspromotingcelldifferelltiationandinhibitingcellproliferation"'.Thebiologicalsignificanceandmedicalneedshaveledeffortstowardthesearchforanaloguesofpotentcelldifferelltiationandantiproliferationactivitywithouttoxichypercalcemiaassociate…     

Characteristics and electrode erosion rates of a D.C. plasma torch operating with TiCl4 plasma gas

A stable TiCl₄ plasma was produced using a simplified d.c. torch. The arc was struck between two concentric ring electrodes, d mm apart, and rotated using a magnetic coil. The electrode material was a new TaC composite. The arc was operated at 100 A for up to I h using plasma gas containing 0–30% TiCl₄. The voltage was 24–60 V, depending on the TiCl₄ concentration. The electrode erosion rate was of the order of 20g/C. It is shown that the erosion rate is a function of the aerodynamic drag of the are column.     

Efficient total syntheses of louisianins C and D

An efficient synthetic route for the preparation of louisianins C and D was developed starting with the commercially available 4-cyanopyridine. Louisianins C and D were synthesized in seven steps and with overall yields 22% and 20%, respectively, following a novel cyclization-decarboxylation sequence involving 4-bromo-6,7-dihydrocyclopenta[c]pyridin-5-one as the key intermediate.     

Synthesis of melicodenines C,D and E

A synthesis of the unusual cyclobutane-quinolinone alkaloids melicodenines C, D and E by intermolecular [2+2] cycloaddition is described.     

MnO2/C复合材料的电化学电容特性研究

应用乙炔黑直接还原高锰酸钾制备MnO2/C复合材料.样品结构及性能由XRD和SEM表征.研究了MnO2/C电极(正极)在不同电解液中的法拉第"准电容行为",及其循环伏安、交流阻抗与恒电流充放电等性能.实验表明,MnO2/C复合材料具有良好的电化学电容特性.在1 mol/L的KOH电解液中和电流密度为5 mA/cm2下,MnO2/C复合材料的比电容量可达258 F/g,并表现出良好的循环性能.