槲皮素在氧化锆/石墨烯修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及检测

采用电沉积技术制备了氧化锆/石墨烯修饰的玻碳电极。利用循环伏安法研究了扫描速率和p H对槲皮素电化学行为的影响,结果表明,槲皮素在该修饰电极上的电极反应是扩散控制过程。采用示差脉冲伏安法测定槲皮素:在0.1 mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中(p H 7.0)槲皮素的氧化峰电流与其浓度在8.0×10-6~2.4×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为ip(μA)=-0.1320c-6.1743,相关系数为-0.9913,检出限为2.0μmol/L(S/N=3)。修饰电极已用于实际样品的测定。     

抗菌素痢菌净的电化学分析

采用循环伏安法(CV)、差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)和方波伏安法(SWV)在玻碳电极(GCE)上对痢菌净进行了电化学研究.实验表明:在pH=6.6的B-R缓冲底液中,痢菌净在-0.85伏左右有一个明显的可逆氧化还原峰,考察了不同底液及pH值、扫描速度、富集时间和静止时间的影响.DPV法其线性范围为2.0×10-6mol/L～2.0×10-3mol/L,检出限为5.0×10-8 mol/L;SWV法其线性范围为2.0×10-6 mol/L～1.0×10-3 mol/L,检出限为2.0×10-8 mol/L.并对痢菌净的电极反应机理进行了初步探讨,该方法操作简单、灵敏,可用于实际药品测定.     

4-(3-吡啶基)-2-巯基咪唑修饰金电极对芦丁和槲皮素的电催化作用及其同时测定

利用分子自组装技术制备了4-(3-吡啶基)-2-巯基咪唑(PMI)修饰金电极。采用一阶微分线性扫描伏安法同时测定芦丁和槲皮素的含量,发现两氧化峰相差200 mV左右。在优化条件下,在共存溶液中当芦丁及槲皮素分别在5.0~100.0μmol/L和10.0~150.0μmol/L浓度范围内,其氧化峰电流与浓度有良好的线性关系,检出限分别为1.0μmol/L和2.0μmol/L。此法可用于杜仲叶中芦丁和槲皮素含量的测定。     

石墨烯/聚邻苯二胺膜修饰碳糊电极电催化性能的研究

研制了一种新型的石墨烯/聚邻苯二胺膜饰碳糊电极(GR/PPD/CPE)。在NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲溶液(pH 7.3)中,利用循环伏安法研究了对苯二酚(HQ)和邻苯二酚(CC)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,利用线性扫描溶出伏安法研究了扫速与峰电流或峰电位的关系,利用微分脉冲溶出伏安法测定了HQ和CC的含量,线性范围分别为6.5×10-7~5.0×10-4mol/L和1.0×10-7~5.0×10-4mol/L,检出限(S/N=3)分别为8.0×10-8mol/L和2.0×10-7mol/L。方法用于自来水样中的HQ和CC的测定,回收率在96.5%~102.5%之间。     

聚对氨基苯磺酸修饰电极差分脉冲伏安法测定对乙酰氨基酚

在由pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液和2.0×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)对氨基苯磺酸组成的支持电解质中,以100mV·s~(-1)扫描速率在玻碳电极上先后在电位-1.5～2.5V范围内循环扫描10周、在电位-1.5～1.5V范围内循环扫描15min,制得聚对氨基苯磺酸修饰的玻碳电极。循环伏安法研究发现:对乙酰氨基酚在该修饰电极上出现了一对氧化还原峰,两峰的电位差为30mV;差分脉冲伏安法研究发现:在pH5.9的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,对乙酰氨基酚在0.295V处出现一良好的氧化峰。且乙酰氨基酚的浓度在2.0×10~(-7)～1.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)范围内与峰电流呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为9.0×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)。据此提出了差分脉冲伏安法测定药片中对乙酰氨基酚的含量,3个样品的测定结果与标示值相符,测得平均回收率为98.6%,相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于3.5%。     

双氯芬酸钠在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为及其应用

应用循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法研究了双氯芬酸钠在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了一种直接测定双氯芬酸钠的电分析方法.在0.1 mol/L HClO4溶液中,双氯芬酸钠的氧化峰电位在0.38 V(vs Ag/AgCl),峰电流与浓度在2.0×10-7 mol/L～7.0 × 10-6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系,开路富集3 min后检出限为9.0×10-8 mol/L.5×10-6 mol/L双氯芬酸钠溶液平行测定10次的相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.5%.已用于扶他林片剂中双氯芬酸钠的测定.     

纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极线性扫描伏安法测定苯酚

在0.01mol.L-1硼砂溶液(pH 9.18)中,用纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极作为工作电极,线性扫描伏安法测定苯酚。伏安图上出现一灵敏的氧化峰,其峰电位为+0.56V(vs.SCE),峰电流与苯酚的浓度在1.0×10-7～2.0×10-4 mol.L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为5.0×10-8 mol.L-1。富集时间为30s,同时采用线性扫描伏安法研究苯酚在纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极上的氧化还原反应,结果表明此电极反应为一不可逆的吸附过程。     

肾上腺素在酸性品红修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为

用酸性品红修饰电极,循环伏安法(CV)研究L-肾上腺素(EP)的电化学行为.研究了介质溶液、pH值、修饰剂用量、扫描速度、扫描电位等条件进行优化,修饰电极与裸电极相比,还原峰电流增强8倍.峰电流与EP在2.0×10-5～2.2×10-3mol/L浓度范围呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r为0.9909,检出限为9.58×10-5mol/L.对1.0×10-3mol/L的EP平行测定11次的RSD为5.4%,重复性好.方法可用于盐酸肾上腺素注射液中EP含量的测定,回收率在96.1%～113.0%,结果令人满意.     

聚茜素红膜修饰碳糊电极对槲皮素的电催化氧化研究

制备了聚茜素红膜修饰碳糊电极,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱法(IR)及电化学法对修饰电极进行了表征,用循环伏安法研究了槲皮素在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。研究发现:在p H 7.0的磷酸盐(PBS)缓冲溶液中,修饰电极对槲皮素有良好的电催化氧化作用。氧化反应是受吸附控制的两电子、两质子过程。在优化条件下,槲皮素的氧化峰电流与其浓度在1.0×10-5~8.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为1.0×10-6mol·L-1。该修饰电极制备方法简单、灵敏度高、稳定性好,用于实际样品中槲皮素的含量分析,结果令人满意。     

线性扫描伏安法研究司帕沙星的电化学行为

采用线性扫描伏安法和循环伏安法研究司帕沙星的电化学行为。在0.05 mol·L~(-1)硫酸溶液中,司帕沙星于-1.29 V(vs.Ag/AgCl)处产生一灵敏的还原峰,司帕沙星的浓度在1.0×10~(-6)～1.5×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)范围内与其峰电流呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为2.0×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)。该法用于司帕沙星片剂的分析,回收率为96.2%～105.0%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.4%。试验证实:司帕沙星在电极上产生的峰为具有吸附性的完全不可逆的还原峰。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.