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采用理论分析的方法考察了磁场中非理想流体中Rayleigh-Taylor(RT)不稳定性气泡的演化过程,在与磁场垂直的平面中,综合考虑流体黏性和表面张力的影响,推导了二维非理想磁流体RT不稳定性气泡运动的控制方程组,给出了不同情况下气泡速度的渐近解和数值解,分析了流体黏性、表面张力和磁场对气泡发展的影响,分析结果表明:流体黏性和表面张力能够降低气泡速度和振幅,即能够抑制RT不稳定性;而磁场对RT不稳定性的影响是由非线性部分引起的,并且磁场非线性部分的方向决定了磁场是促进还是抑制RT不稳定性的发展, 相似文献
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Lee Kai Fong 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1975,3(3):122-125
The stability of electromagnetic ion cyclotron harmonic waves propagating normal to an external magnetic field is studied for plasmas whose ions possess loss cone type velocity distributions. It is found that, if the ions are stationary, no instability develops except in the extreme case when the ratio of parallel to perpendicular "temperatures" of the ions is of the order mi/me, where mi and me are the ion and electron masses respectively. However, for the case of two counterstreaming ion beams in a neutralizing background of electrons, instability at zero frequency and near the first several ion cyclotron harmonics can occur if the streaming velocity is of the order of the electron thermal speed. 相似文献
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根据拉格朗日方程对电子在平滑会切磁场中的径向波动与速度零散的关系进行讨论。运用Matlab,Magic软件相互结合的方法设计电子枪结构和磁场。用Matlab程序模拟单电子在给定电场、磁场中的运动,分析了单电子径向速度对零散的影响,并优化磁场分布。设计的磁场可以有效地减小单电子束径向速度,降低电子束速度零散。用Magic软件对电流为1 A、能量为30 keV的电子束在优化磁场中的运动进行仿真,得到的电子束速度比约为2,速度零散小于2.5%,轴向速度零散小于8.5%。 相似文献
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对34GHz基波回旋管双阳极磁控注入枪的优化做了详细的研究和计算,数值模拟了阳极电压、注电流、枪体尺寸加工误差、外加直流磁场等因素对电子枪的影响。模拟结果表明:增大阳极电压不但可以提高速度比,而且可以降低横向速度零散。磁场压缩比减小,使电子注具有最小速度零散的电流值增大;同时,电子注的速度比降低,最小横向速度零散值也增大。必须慎重选择阳极形状,以提高电子枪的性能并保证电子注的稳定性;同时,还发现由于阳极结构的变化导致阴极电场分布的变化,使电子注的注电流在各因子变化过程中出现了微小的扰动。减小Bc可以增大电子注的速度比,还可以减小电子注的横向速度零散,但是当电子注的速度比增大到一定值时,电子注的性能就会变得不太稳定。 相似文献
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An instability is triggered in a weakly magnetized discharge plasma by the application of a positive voltage step to a planar collector immersed into the plasma column with its surface perpendicular to the magnetic field lines. Time developement of the plasma density after the application of the pulse is measured by a Langmuir probe. Radial and axial velocity of the plasma density perturbation are measured. Radial velocity is consistent with the increase of the plasma potential in the current channel. Axial velocity is very high. It is interpreted as phase velocity of radial quasiperiodic motion of the plasma in and out of the current channel. Response time of the collector current to the applied voltage step is measured versus different parameters. Experimental results are in agreement with a qualitative model presented in previous work [1] where the observed instability is modeled as a two dimensional potential relaxation instability (PRI). Minor improvements of the previous model are proposed. A rarefaction pulse that moves towards the collector is found as the initial stage of the instability. 相似文献
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Based on the coexistence of the Blandford-Znajek and
magnetic coupling processes in black hole (BH) accretion disc,
a multi-parameter model for jet powers and radio loudness of active
galactic nuclei (AGNs) is studied. It turns out that radio-loudness of AGNs
could be governed by five parameters: (i) the BH spin, (ii) a power-law index of the variation of the
magnetic field on the disc; (iii) a parameter determining the position of the inner edge of the disc, (iv)
the ratio of the pressure of the magnetic field on the horizon to
the ram pressure of the innermost parts of an accretion flow,
and (v) the ratio of the angular
velocity of the open field lines to that of the horizon. The observed
dichotomy between radio-loud and radio-quiet AGNs is well
interpreted by the effects of the above parameters. Furthermore, we discuss
the derivative of radio loudness of AGNs with respect to each parameter
separately. In addition, the effect of the screw instability on radio
loudness of AGNs is discussed. 相似文献
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The effects of suspended particles and the finite thermal and electrical conductivities on the magnetogravitational instability of an ionized rotating plasma through a porous medium have been investigated, under varying assumptions of the rotational axis and the modes of propagation. In all the cases it is observed that the Jeans' criterion determines the condition of instability with some modifications due to various parameters. The effects of rotation, the medium porosity, and the mass concentration of the suspended particles on instability condition have been removed by (1) magnetic field for longitudinal mode of propagation with perpendicular rotational axis, and (2) viscosity for transverse propagation with rotational axis parallel to the magnetic field. The mass concentration reduces the effects of rotation. Thermal conductivity replaces the adiabatic velocity of sound by the isothermal one, whereas the effect of the finite electrical conductivity is to delink the alignment between the magnetic field and the plasma. Porosity reduces the effects of both the magnetic field and the rotation, on Jeans' criterion. 相似文献
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The gravitational instability of a two component plasma is studied to include the simultaneous effects of collisions, gyroviscosity, finite conductivity, viscosity and porosity of the medium within the framework of two-fluid theory. From linearized equations of the system, using normal mode analysis, the dispersion relations for parallel and perpendicular directions to the magnetic field are derived and discussed. For longitudinal wave propagation it is found that the value of critical JEANS' wave number increases with increasing density and decreasing temperature of the neutral component. For transverse wave propagation the value of critical JEANS' wave number depends on gyroviscosity, ALFVÉN number, ratio of sonic speeds and densities of the two component and porosity of the medium. It is observed that the effect of magnetic field and porosity is suppressed by finite condutivity of the plasma and similarly the effect of gyroviscosity is removed by viscosity from JEANS' expression of instability. For both the directions instability is produced when the velocity perturbations are considered parallel to wave vector. The damping effect is produced due to collisional frequency, permeability of the porous medium and viscosity. The density of the neutral component and porosity of the medium tends to destabilize the system while an increased value of FLR corrections leads the system towards stabilization. 相似文献
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Experimental data are provided for YBaCuO films that an instability of the vortex system, which manifests itself by a voltage jump at a critical current I*, exhibits strong anisotropy if the magnetic field is tilted from parallel to perpendicular to the c-axis. The angular dependence of I* can be well described by a model emphasizing the component of the magnetic field parallel to the c-axis. If the current range is restricted to values close to I*, the current-voltage characteristics below the instability show a satisfactory agreement with the prediction of the theory of ‘Self-Organized Criticality’ (SOC). In terms of this theory it is possible to relate the critical vortex velocity v* to the temperature and field dependent characteristic size of the underlying vortex avalanches. If, however, standard Larkin-Ovchinnikov theory is applied to describe the instability, this critical velocity is related to the scattering rate of quasiparticles. Analyzed in this way and assuming an isotropic diffusion constant of the quasiparticles, an anisotropic scattering rate and its temperature dependence can be extracted. 相似文献
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根据8 mm回旋速调管放大器对双阳极磁控注入电子枪的要求,分析了电极形状、阳极电压、磁场、注电流对电子注横纵速度比和速度零散的影响,并进行了粒子模拟。分析表明:这些因素可归根为电场和磁场的作用,阴极附近高的电场有助于提高横纵速度比和降低速度零散;而高的磁场及低的磁压缩比将降低横纵速度比,但对速度零散影响无明显规律。在此基础上通过优化电极形状、磁场分布、电流、第一阳极电压和第二阳极电压,模拟并试制出工作电压65 kV、电流12 A、磁场1.4 T的双阳极电子枪,得到的横纵速度比值为1.4,横向速度零散为4.5%, 为8 mm回旋速调管提供了稳定高质量的电子注。 相似文献
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采用粒子模拟方法,研究沿背景磁场方向传播的低频Alfvén波对磁化等离子体加热的物理过程.模拟结果表明:离子在垂直和平行于背景磁场的方向都得到明显的加热,在非共振加热阶段,垂直方向比平行方向的加热效果更加显著,形成温度各向异性;在随机加热阶段,垂直和平行方向的温度最终达到饱和且趋于一致.加热过程中,离子所获得动力学温度的最大值由外加磁场能量密度与等离子体密度的比值决定,与Alfvén波的频率及振幅无关;离子在平行于背景磁场方向上被加速,并最终获得相当于Alfvén波相速度大小的流速. 相似文献
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A new pseudo-three-dimensional electron hole in a magnetized plasma is possible when the low-frequency ion dynamics is taken into account. The newly found nonlinear Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal stationary solution, whose parallel phase velocity ranges between almost zero and the electron thermal speed, has the form of a cylinder that is tilted relative to the magnetic field. These structures are interpreted as three-dimensional electron holes coupled with hydrodynamic vortices, and provide a possible theoretical explanation for the POLAR and FAST satellite observations of coherent structures characterized by bipolar spikes of the parallel electric field and large perpendicular ion kinetic energies. 相似文献
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基于绝热压缩原理和强流电子光学理论,设计了一只170 GHz回旋管双阳极磁控注入电子枪,经过理论分析及计算,采用仿真软件进行模拟和优化,最终得到的电子枪的电子注速度比为1.31,横向速度零散度为3.5%,纵向速度零散度为6.1%,束电流为51 A。讨论了阴极磁场、控制阳极电压和第二阳极电压等因素对电子注性能的影响,发现电子注的速度比和速度零散度对这些影响因子的变化都非常敏感:随着阴极磁场的增大,电子注的速度比减小,纵向速度零散度先增大后减小,横向速度零散度先减小后增大;阳极角越接近阴极倾角,纵向速度零散度越小;阳极角向着减小阴阳极间距的方向变化时横向速度零散度变小;增大第一阳极电压可以增大电子注的速度比和电子注的速度零散度。在两阳极电压不变的情况下,增大阴阳极之间的距离会使电子注的速度零散度和电子注的速度比减小。 相似文献
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It is well known that the magnetic anisotropy in a compressively strained Mn-doped GaAs film changes from perpendicular to parallel with increasing hole concentration p. We study this reorientation transition at T=0 in a quantum well with delta-doped Mn impurities. With increasing p, the angle theta that minimizes the energy E increases continuously from 0 (perpendicular anisotropy) to pi/2 (parallel anisotropy) within some range of p. The shape of E(min)(p) suggests that the quantum well becomes phase separated with regions containing low hole concentrations and perpendicular moments interspersed with other regions containing high hole concentrations and parallel moments. However, because of the Coulomb energy cost associated with phase separation, the true magnetic state in the transition region is canted with 0相似文献
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在高磁雷诺数下,当双撕裂模发展进入快速磁场重联阶段时,会发生二级磁岛不稳定性,加剧磁场能量的释放。本文基于扰动形式的守恒磁流体方程组发展高精度的数值模拟程序,在平板位形下研究反对称位形剪切流对双撕裂模中二级磁岛的影响。结果表明:随着剪切流强度和剪切梯度的增加,二级磁岛的数目以及电流片横纵比变小。此外,较强的极向剪切流能够抑制二级磁岛不稳定性的发生。 相似文献
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讨论了静态非均匀磁场中的磁场旋度对带电粒子引导中心漂移的影响。运用三维矢量分析的方法,将带电粒子垂直于磁场运动所引起的磁场漂移分为两项,分别由磁场的曲率和磁场的旋度决定。给出了螺旋状环形磁场中由磁场旋度引起的磁场漂移的近似表达式,讨论了该漂移成分对于该磁场中通行粒子轨道和捕获粒子轨道的可能影响。结果表明,带电粒子垂直于磁场运动所引起的磁场漂移主要由磁场的曲率决定,而磁场旋度对该漂移的影响比较微弱。 相似文献