汽车排放污染物的共振增强多光子电离光谱分析

汽车排放的主要污染物为CO,HC,NOx(x=1,2）,SO2,Pb,苯丙芘,固体颗粒等[1],其尾气的检测对维护人类自身健康具有十分重要的意义．共振增强多光子电离光谱（Resonant Enhanced Multi-Photonionization,REMPI）是一种超灵敏光谱检测技术,它的灵敏度比LIF（Laser InducedFluorescence）还要高．1979年,Brophy和Rentttner[2]提出了REMPI可以作为检测大气污染的方法．后来,不同的研究小组采用了不同的REMPI方案对大气污染类分子进行了测量研究［3-6]．由于采用可调谐染料激光器为光源,可以使用同一种染料对几种具有相近特征波长的分子进行同时测定．本文报     

CF自由基双光子共振增强多光子电离研究：3pRy dberg态的转动分析

利用Ar/CF4、Ar/CF2Cl2或Ar/CF3COOH混合气体的直流脉冲放电产生CF自由基,观测了260～360nm范围内转动分辨的CF自由基双光子共振增强多光子电离谱。分析表明,该段光 谱对应于CF自由基3pπD2Πr(ν'=2～6,r=3/2,1/2)←←X2Πr(ν"=0,r=3/2,1/2)的共振激发。对观测的振动带进行了转动分析,并获得了3p里德堡态的转动常数和自旋-轨道分裂值。     

二溴代烷烃的紫外光解动力学研究

利用飞行时间质谱装置研究了234和267nm激光作用下二溴甲烷、二溴乙烷、二溴丙烷和二溴丁烷分子的光解离过程．研究表明二溴代烷烃分子在紫外激光的作用下主要是断裂C—Br键解离出一个Br原子,并且存在两种可能的布居：基态Br(^2P3/2^0)和激发态Br^*(^2P1／2^0)．通过共振增强多光子电离技术探测两种光解产物布居的分支比．对比得到了分子构型对称性不同的二溴代烷烃的分支比,提出了两种假设的光解离模型．     

正-溴代烷烃的紫外光解动力学研究

利用共振增强多光子电离飞行时间质谱(REMPI-TOFMS)，研究了长链正-溴代烷烃R-Br(R为正烷烃基)(C2H5Br，n-C3H7Br，n-C4H9Br)在234及267nm附近的光解动力学．溴碎片来源于R-Br的直接解离：R-Br→R Br(^2P3/2)／Br(^2P1/2)，根据测定的离子信号强度，得到了Br^n与Br的分支比N(Br^*)／N(Br)及相应的相对量子产额φ(Br^*)和φ(Br)．φ(Br^*)与激光波长及分子结构显示了一定的依赖关系，将实验结果用CH3Br的解离模型进行拟合，得到了长链R-Br的光解动力学行为的定性解释。     

烯丙基6~8eV之间电子振动光谱的共振增强多光子电离研究

在分子束中用高温热解3-碘代丙烯的方法产生烯丙基,并结合飞行时间质谱和2+1共振增强多光子电离技术,从实验上观测到了烯丙基从基态到6~8eV之间的6个电子态3d_xz, 3d_xy,ns(n=4,6,7,8)的电子振动光谱.在ns的Rydberg态电子振动光谱中可以观测到v₇(∠CCC弯曲振动)约为430cm^-1的振动级数.由Rydberg公式拟合得到烯丙基的绝热电离能为(65641±20)cm^-1((8.138±0.002)eV).     

共振增强多光子电离耦合飞行时间质谱研究甲烷脱氢芳构化反应

 采用共振增强多光子电离耦合飞行时间质谱技术，初步探测了甲烷无氧芳构化反应。实验结果表明，该技术具有灵敏度高，质量分辨率高，响应时间快等优点，改变波长能实现对目标产物的实时，高灵敏度检测，并且可以获得所有产物的信息。     

卤化氢共振增强多光子电离光谱

测定了卤化氢(HCl, HBr 和HI) (2+1)共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)光谱, 采用模拟计算法分析推导出转动常数、谱带源以及Ω态振动谱带的同位素位移值. 得到的HCl数据同Green等人用常规分析法所推导的结果极为吻合. 得出8条振动谱带,其中包括V(¹∑⁺)态, E(¹∑⁺)的v'=4态以及HBr的5个新谱带, 此外还推导出HI的E态v'=1的4个振动谱带光谱参数. 观测了V和E态之间因同类相互作用而产生的不规则能级间距、转动参数和同位素位移. 讨论了HCl和HBr的E态和V态振动谱带中的转动谱线序列O和S对Q的强度比变化,提出了双光子激发机理.     

370-410nm波段CS2的共振多光子电离研究

对CS。人们曾做过广泛的研究，其中光谱研究以吸收谱最多，CSZ的解离动力学的研究也比较多．Butler等［‘］用193urn激光单光子激发CSZ获得CS碎片，研究了CSZ的解离．Seaver等［’1分别用266DD和193。激光多光子电离CSZ．但他们都是在固定激发波长下研究CSZ的解离．在370－405u     

吡啶气相分子的共振多光子电离谱

本工作观测了双光子能量在35180-36002cm^-^1范围内吡啶分子的共振多光子电离谱。对电子跃迁S~1(^1B~1)→S~0(^1A~l)的振动带做了归属, 首次在^1B~1态观察到7个新的振动模。讨论了N原子取代对分子结构及振动模的影响。     

溴代烷烃在紫外波段的光解离过程

在飞行时间质谱仪中，采用波长为234 nm和267 nm的激光，研究溴代烷烃CHBr3、CH2Br2、C2H5Br及C2H4Br2的光离解过程.在UV激光的作用下，溴代烷烃分子主要发生的是吸收1个光子解离出Br原子，然后继续吸收光子发生Br原子的（2＋1）共振增强多光子电离的过程.其中由溴代烷烃分子解离得到的Br原子可能存在着两种布居：基态Br(2P03/2)及激发态Br*(2P01/2).研究解离得到的Br原子的分支比 N(Br*)/N(Br)，并给出测量结果：溴代烷烃分子解离得到的Br原子在267 nm激光作用下的分支比明显大于在234 nm激光作用下的结果.对此多光子过程的机理，也进行了分析讨论.     

碘代烷烃在532 nm激光作用下多光子电离解离机理

利用５３２ｎｍ的激光对碘代烷烃（碘甲烷、碘乙烷、碘代正丙异丙烷）分子作了多光了电离解离（ＭＰＩＤ）质谱（ＭＳ）研究,在５３２ｎｍ激光作用下,ＣＨ３Ｉ分子吸收５３２ｎｍ激光双光子的能量,进入Ａ带的ＩＡ２态,继续吸收光子上泵浦至电离态形成母体离子ＣＨ３Ｉ,然后再形成碎片离子;而其它几个碘代烷烃吸收双光子的能量进入Ａ带后均形成中性碎片,中性碎片再吸收光子经一系列电离解离形成碎片离子,此外,本文还通过对同     

Multiphoton Ionization of Monosilane

The (3 + 1) photon ionization spectra of SiH_4 have been measured. A basically continuous spectrum was recorded in laser wavelengths from 428 to 458 nm.Two vibrational progressions were found in the UV laser region of 347-392 nm, anda fine structure of the band at 363.5 nm was assigned.The fragment ions were detected by a time-offlight mass spectrometer. No parent ion SiH_4~+ was observed whereas SiH_2~+ and SiH_3~+ were the major products. The ratio of SiH_2~+/SiH_3~+ was approximately equal to that of single photon ionization at the same energy, but the fraction of Si~+ was increased. Some additional bands appeared in Si~+ spectrum in the range of 384-390 nm implicating that the increased Si~+ might be generated from SiH_2~+ and SiH~+ ions.     

(1+1) Resonance‐Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization and Photodissociation Study of CS2 via the 1B2 State

(1+1) resonance‐enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectra of CS₂ and molecular dissociation dynamics are investigated using a time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer equipped with velocity imaging detection. The REMPI spectra via a linear‐bent →¹B₂( ) transition are acquired in the wavelength range of 208–217 nm. Each ro‐vibrational band profile of the ¹B₂( ) state is deconvoluted to yield the corresponding predissociative lifetime from 0.3 to 3 ps. Upon excitation at 210.25 and 212.54 nm, the resulting images of S⁺ and CS⁺ fragments are analyzed to give individual translational energy distributions, which are resolved into two components corresponding to the CS+S(³P) and CS+S(¹D) channels. The product branching ratios of S(³P)/S(¹D) are evaluated to be 5.7±1.0 and 9.6±2.5 at 210.25 and 212.54 nm, respectively. Despite the difficulty avoiding the effect of multiphoton absorption, the molecular dissociation channel is verified to prevail over the dissociative ionization channel of CS₂. The anisotropy parameters for the triplet and singlet channels are determined to be ～0.8 and 1.1–1.3, respectively, suggesting that the predissociative state should have a bent configuration with a short lifetime.     

Photoelectron Circular Dichroism of Bicyclic Ketones from Multiphoton Ionization with Femtosecond Laser Pulses

Photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) is a CD effect up to the ten‐percent regime and shows contributions from higher‐order Legendre polynomials when multiphoton ionization is compared to single‐photon ionization. We give a full account of our experimental methodology for measuring the multiphoton PECD and derive quantitative measures that we apply on camphor, fenchone and norcamphor. Different modulations and amplitudes of the contributing Legendre polynomials are observed despite the similarity in chemical structure. In addition, we study PECD for elliptically polarized light employing tomographic reconstruction methods. Intensity studies reveal dissociative ionization as the origin of the observed PECD effect, whereas ionization of the intermediate resonance is dominating the signal. As a perspective, we suggest to make use of our tomographic data as an experimental basis for a complete photoionization experiment and give a prospect of PECD as an analytic tool.     

CH自由基共振增强多光子电离光谱

ＣＨ自由基在燃烧化学、星际化学、化学发光和化学激光研究中占有重要的地位,并且作为最简单的碳氢化合物,ＣＨ自由基是理想的理论计算模型分子,在理论研究领域中也有着重要的地位．因此 ,多年来人们对ＣＨ自由基进行了大量的研究［１ -９］,但是对于ＣＨ自由基,到目前为止大部分局限于低激发态的研究,对于较高激发态的研究报导则很少见．Ｃｈｕｐｋａ等［２ -６］用(２ １)ＲＥＭＰＩ方法获得了ＣＨＤ态的ｖ＝２振动能级光谱．然而后来Ｔｊｏｓｓｅｍ和Ｓｍｙｔｈ［７］测量了同波段的ＲＥＭＰＩ光谱,发现他们测得的光谱谱峰强度与…     

Two-color photoionization spectroscopy of jet-cooled nickelocene

Two-photon ionization of the nickelocene molecules cooled in a supersonic jet was performed for the first time by simultaneous excitation of (⁵–C₅H₅)2Ni with two tunable nano- second dye lasers. The one-photon transition from the HOMO to the Rydberg R4p level was used as the initial step of the multiphoton excitation. In a one-color experiment, the conditions were found for generation of the intact molecular ion, (⁵–C₅H₅)2Ni⁺, as the only ionic product of the multiphoton ionization. The use of an intense pulse of the second dye laser lead to an increase in the yield of the molecular ion.Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1604–1606, August, 2004.