光学级高透明BOPET薄膜母料的合成制备研究进展

开发光学级高透明双向拉伸聚酯(BOPET)薄膜是我国聚酯薄膜产业产品结构调整的重要选择之一。本文主要综述了当前制备光学级高透明BOPET薄膜母料的研究进展,包括通过选用更优折光系数、更佳亲和力粒子,通过添加微、纳米复合粒子,以及添加第三组分共聚、表面涂覆等工艺手段提高薄膜透光性能。此外,还对光学薄膜行业的未来前景与发展形势进行了展望。同时,指出了当前学术界对该领域实验性及基础理论研究的不足,提出了对该领域的研究建议。     

聚合物合金的原位增容

介绍了增容剂的作用和分类,详细描述了不同反应类型的聚合物合金原位反应增容,对利用马来酸酐(MAH)、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)等官能团反应的原位增容体系进行了分类介绍,同时给出各种原位增容反应的增容机理。     

浓乳液聚合制备PS/PAN自增容合金及其自增容机理研究

提出了浓乳液方法扩散自增容的反应机理,利用浓乳液液滴间异种单体的相互扩散及其共聚反应在相界面上生成准嵌段共聚物,成功地制备出自增容化的聚苯乙烯(PS)/聚丙烯腈(PAN)高分子合金.对聚合产物进行了元素分析测定,验证了浓乳液扩散自增容的反应机理.同时用红外光谱、扫描电镜以及透射电镜等手段对产物的相容性进行了表征.结果表明,在实验范围内,随着浓乳液预聚转化率的提高,产物中准嵌段共聚物的含量随之增加,PS/PAN两相间的相容性也相应得到改善.浓乳液预聚转化率为9.0%时,所制备的PS/PAN高分子合金具有最佳的相容性.     

溶胶-凝胶法合成杂化材料中的增容剂的应用

讨论了溶胶 -凝胶法合成有机 /无机杂化聚合物材料中的增容剂的应用 ,并详细介绍了三类增容剂的结构、增容机理和性能。     

聚丙烯接枝己内酯型增容剂的合成及其共混增容应用

以含悬挂羟基的聚丙烯为引发剂,辛酸亚锡为催化剂催化己内酯开环聚合,成功制备了一系列支链为聚己内酯的功能化接枝聚丙烯,并通过核磁共振、红外光谱、示差扫描量热（DSC）和广角X射线衍射（WAXD）等技术手段对聚合物进行了明确的结构表征。 研究了反应温度和时间对接枝反应的影响,结果表明,最佳反应温度为90 ℃,通过改变接枝时间可以调控己内酯链段的长度。 将成功接枝的功能化聚丙烯用做聚丙烯与尼龙-6共混体系的增容剂,并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察的方法考察了该增容剂对共混体系的影响。 SEM 显示增容剂的加入显著地降低了界面张力,减小了分散相的尺寸,增强了界面的粘结性。     

低压合成甲醇催化剂母料变色点性质的研究

研究了合成甲醇催化剂母料陈化期间pH值的变化情况,尤其是母料变色点前后pH值的变化,考察了反应pH值及反应温度对变色时间及催化剂活性的影响。结果表明,合成甲醇催化剂母料在陈化期间pH值一直在改变,在变色点附近出现了pH值的一个极小值,与其相应的是在母料变色前后催化剂的活性发生了明显的变化,因此,在变色点前后母料的组成及结构都发生了明显的变化。升高反应温度有利于母料结构的调变,升高反应pH值不利于母料结构的这种变化。通过本实验确定了催化剂母料在并流情况下最佳沉淀pH值范围为7.5～8.5,最佳沉淀温度大于80 ℃。     

手性液晶聚硅氧烷毛细管柱的制备及应用

合成了一种手性液晶侧链的聚硅氧烷固定液,并涂制成毛细管柱,此柱适合于分离各种取代基的酚类异构体。对柱效和选择性进行了评价。     

增容聚苯乙烯共混物的研究进展

综述了增容聚苯乙烯与聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺共混物的研究进展。不同共混物采用不同的增容剂,可使增容聚苯乙烯共混物改善分散相尺寸、界面相互作用与粘结,达到提高共混物的力学性能的目的。增容效果与增容剂的类型、用量和分子结构有关。     

交联密度对聚硅氧烷/聚丙烯酸酯同步互穿聚合物网络阻尼材料性能的影响

阻尼性能;交联密度对聚硅氧烷/聚丙烯酸酯同步互穿聚合物网络阻尼材料性能的影响     

聚硅氧烷空心胶囊的制备及Heck偶联催化应用

研究了空心聚硅氧烷纳米胶囊负载的钯复合物的制备。合成了胶囊负载的腈钯复合物并研究了它们在烯烃芳基化Heck偶联反应中的催化性能。在O/W型聚二甲基硅氧烷微乳模板核上,共聚一定比例的4-(三乙氧基硅基)-丁腈和二甲基二甲氧基硅烷的有机硅单体,,然后用溶剂溶解透析的方法去除模板核聚二甲基硅氧烷而得到空心纳米胶囊.与醋酸钯反应后用KBH4还原得到空心聚硅氧烷胶囊负载的钯复合物。TEM,AFM等结果显示空心聚硅氧烷纳米胶囊负载的钯复合物已得到制备。该复合物对Heck反应具有很高的催化活性和立体选择性。     

Thermal degradation studies in poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends

The miscibility, morphology, and thermal properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blends with different concentrations of poly(methyl methacylate) (PMMA) have been studied. The interaction between the phases was studied by FTIR and by measuring the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the blends using differential scanning calorimetry. Distribution of the phases at different compositions was studied through scanning electron microscopy. The FTIR and SEM results show little interaction and gross phase separation. The thermogravimetric studies on these blends were carried out under inert atmosphere from ambient to 800 °C at different heating rates varying from 2.5 to 20 °C/min. The thermal decomposition temperatures of the first and second stage of degradation in PVC in the presence of PMMA were higher than the pure. The stabilization effect on PVC was found most significant with 10 wt% PMMA content in the PVC matrix. These results agree with the isothermal degradation studies using dehydrochlorination and UV-vis spectroscopic results carried out on these blends. Using multiple heating rate kinetics the activation energies of the degradation process in PVC and its blends have been reported.     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与聚醋酸乙烯酯共混的红外光谱研究

用红外光谱(FTIR)研究了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)与聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)共混体系相容性,在160℃以上共混体系发生相分离;分相体系与非分相体系的FTIR谱明显不同;共混体系的FTIR谱不能从两统组分红外光谱简单加和得到;结果表明大分子构象发生了变化,PMMA/PVAc体系相容可能是大分子构象熵变所致。     

Study of the miscibility of poly(vinyl pyridines) with poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl alcohol) and their copolymers

Miscibility of poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) and poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) with poly(viny acetate) (PVAc), poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA and poly(vinyl acetate-co-alcohol) (ACA copolymers) has been investigated over a wide composition range. Differentiaal scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicate that P2VP is immiscible with PVAC, PVA, and their copolymers over the whole composition range. In turn, P4VP appears to be immiscible with PVAC and PVA, but miscible with some ACA copolymers in certain range of composition. The P4VP-ACA phase diagram for different copolymer compositions has been determined. The variation of the glass transition temperature with composition for miscible mixtures was found to follow the Gordon-Taylor equation, with the parameter κ dependent upon copolymer composition. FTIR analysis of blends reveal the existence of specific interactions via hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl groups and the nitrogen of the pyridinic ring, which appear to be decisive for miscibility. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Graft and block copolymers with polysiloxane and vinyl polymer segments

A convenient new process to make silicone/organic block and graft copolymers has been recently demonstrated. This dual copolymerization process combines conventional condensation polymerization of the siloxane segments with free radical polymerization of the organic vinyl polymer segments. The copolymerization process is relatively simple and economical compared with other copolymerization techniques as it uses commonly available starting materials and available process equipment. Silicone segments containing alkene side chains or end-groups are prepared in the usual way by polycondensation using an acid or base catalyst. The double bonds of the alkene groups are oxidized to carbonyls which are then used to initiate vinyl monomer polymerization and link the siloxane with the vinyl segments. This initiation step is based on a redox system of copper^(II) salts which generates free radicals on the alpha carbons next to the carbonyl groups. This copolymerization process is relatively fast and proceeds at high yields.     

丁基橡胶阻尼材料相容性的DSC与DMA研究

高聚物力学阻尼材料是一种能消除振动和噪声以聚合物为基质的功能材料。当聚合物处于玻璃化转变温度(Tg)区域时,其链段运动不能完全跟上振动的速度而产生分子链内摩擦,吸收一部分振动能,再以“热”的形式而耗散,这样就起到减少振幅或降低振幅的作用。     

The effects of γ-radiation on the thermal, mechanical, and segmental dynamics of a silica filled, room temperature vulcanized polysiloxane rubber

RTV-5370 is a filled polydimethylsilxoane–polymethylphenylsiloxane copolymer system originally developed by Dow Corning and now supplied by Rhone Poulenc. There is a desire to develop lifetime assessments of this material for certification programs and as a model system for understanding other filled siloxane polymer systems. We have initiated aging studies on these materials by employing accelerated aging tests with exposure to Co-60 γ-radiation. The effects of radiation exposure have been investigated by thermal (differential scanning calorimetry), mechanical (dynamic mechanical analysis), chemical (solvent swelling), and segmental dynamics (nuclear magnetic resonance) methods. The data show that RTV-5370 undergoes predominately radiation-induced crosslinking reactions over the dose range investigated. These reactions reduce the molecular weight between crosslinks, thereby hardening the composite and reducing the motional dynamics of segmental motion. DSC studies show dose dependent crystallization phenomena.     

Magnetic separation of green synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles on photocatalytic activity of methyl orange dye removal

The most frequent method of removing malignant growth-causing tones from current effluents before releasing them into water sources such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater has become standard. Traditional waste-water treatment frameworks have trouble getting rid of these contaminants. This is a unique flavonoid that uses Fe₃O₄ nanorods as photocatalytic agents to corrupt material tone in the watery stage utilizing observable light enlightenment. Green technique was used to amalgamate [email protected]₃O₄ nanorod like gems. Disappearance of the bright (UV) maintenance top at 565 nm confirmed the elimination of Methyl orange tone. After 110 min, the sensational shading disposal of Fe₃O₄ nanorod was observed to be 100%. This is due to photochemical redox process and the use of Fe₃O₄ nanorods with a high energy gap of flavonoids. The findings show that Fe₃O₄ rod-like gems manufactured using green technology are extremely valuable in the photocatalytic annihilation of hazardous contaminants.     

均匀增粘剂在橡胶阻尼材料中的应用

本文对均匀增粘剂的作用机理和应用进行了研究。结果表明:均匀增粘剂可显著降低橡胶阻尼材料胶料的门尼粘度,改善混炼胶体系的混炼工艺、分散性和降低胶料相的尺寸,提高相态稳定性,优化了产品的表观质量,对橡胶阻尼材料的力学性能和阻尼性能影响不大。当用量为4份时,可达到加工性能和使用性能的最佳平衡。     

盐酸甲胺三氧铬的制备及其α,β-不饱和醇的选择性氧化

本文报道盐酸甲胺三氧铬(3)的制备方法,并在DMF中作了一些醇的氧化试验,试验结果表:3其有很高的氧化选择性,它能顺利地将多种α,β- 不饱和醇氧化成相应的醛或酮;而在相同条件下,不氧化饱和醇, 并且在一定条件下可以氧化分子内的苄醇羟基而不氧化同一分子中的酚羟基和饱和醇羟基。3在DMF中使用时, 没有明显的酸性,可以用于氧化对酸敏感的化合物,而且它制备简单,使用条件温和,是一种优良的高选择性氧化剂。