陆森盐的穆斯堡尔研究

陆森黑盐是一种网兜型固氮模拟物,陆森红盐是铁硫蛋白活性中心的模拟物。通过穆斯堡尔研究可以了解这些分子中铁原子周围环境及其一些特性。多年前已测定了黑色陆森铯盐的晶体结构、穆     

陆森红盐阴离子[Fen_2S_2(No)_4]~(2-)红外光谱的归属

本文报导陆森红盐阴离子简正坐标分析及计算所得的一套力常数。由这套力常数所得的红外光谱波数的计算值与观察值吻合良好,加权平方偏差之和为0.223。根据对称内坐标和力常数的位能分布计算,进行了阴离子的红外光谱的归属。     

原子簇化合物结构

1858年Roussin合成了[Fe_4S_3(NO)_7]~-,叫陆森黑盐。1958年确定其结构是:这是第一个原子簇化合物。六十年代,人们发现此类化合物有很好的催化性能;生物中许多金属酶的活性中心又多以此类型化合物形式存在。F.A.Cotton 1966年正式给原子簇下定义:含有一定数量的原子(金属或/和非金属)完全结合在一起的基团或     

[Fe_4S_3]网兜骨架的红外光谱探索

本文报导了利用陆森黑盐阴离子的相应几何参数和力常数,对网兜骨架[Fe_4S_3]的简正坐标分析,得到了该骨架振动的理论计算频率。以此为根据,针对陆森黑盐系统中的氨合成过程,论证了[Fe_4S_3]网兜骨架一直是存在的,并起着主要固氮作用。     

Roussin红盐和Roussin黑盐的电子结构

Roussin黑盐簇阴离子及其"元件化合物"Roussin红盐簇阴离子,是固氮酶活性中心福州模型I(网兜状原子簇模型)的模型物.本文用闭壳层CNDO/2(S,D方案)法计算了它们的电子结构.根据计算所得的Mulliken重叠集居,电荷密度,分子轨道能量和轨道特征等数据,对成键性质进行了分析,得出如下主要结论:两种簇阴离子骨架电子的非定域性都比较强,桥硫原子Sb在由红盐形成黑盐的电子转移过程中起施主作用,两种簇阴离子中都存在M-M键,强度与M-Sb键相近,其主要贡献都来源于金属的s,pz,dz2轨道与硫原子的s,pz轨道之间的σ作用,金属d轨道的π作用对整个骨架的成键贡献很小.     

~(13)C核磁共振(七)

习题16 1,3,5-三硝基苯与丙酮在氢氧化钾的乙醇溶液存在下反应生成一种蓝紫色的Meisenheimer钾盐,见谱E-16。分析此谱并给出从谱所得最重要的论点以支持此盐的结构。取谱条件: 溶剂,(eD,),50(3,.7七重峰,Je-一20.5Hz) 浓度:饱和溶液温度:28℃测定频率:22.63 MHz 去偶.上.偶合谱(25000次),附有放大四倍的部分谱下:几H宽带去偶( 5000次)〔解答〕谱的归属     

高盐食品中痕量铅的流动注射-氢化物发生-等离子体原子发射光谱(FI-HG-ICP-AES)在线测定

本文报道流动注射（ＦＩ）－氢化物发生（ＨＧ）与多道等离子体光谱仪联用在线测定高盐食品中痕量铅．考察了氯化钠对铅信号的影响及实验参数的选择．铅的检出限和相对标准偏差分别为１．６ｎｇ／ｍＬ和１．２％，进样频率为７５ｈ－１．方法用于两种盐制蔬菜中铅的测定，加入回收率为９７－１０１％．     

固氮酶底物配位活化的量子化学模拟

用EHMO法就Roussin红盐, MoFeS4(NO)2^2^-, Roussin黑盐及网兜状模型对C2H2,N2, NNH^+和NCH等固氮酶底物的配位活化进行了量子化学模拟. 综合考虑体系总能量与底物多重键的Mulliken键级的变化, 得知乙炔与二核簇相距1.2埃时为最佳活化构型;在Roussin黑盐及网兜状模型以“架炮"方式与乙炔组成的配位体系中, C≡C键呈5度仰角时为最佳活化构型. 铁比钼更有利于削弱C≡C键. 在N2, NNH^+NCH以“投网"方式与网兜模型组成的配位体系中, 底物的多重键受到较大的削弱. “投网"配位方式使兜口外氮原子上的电荷密度增加, 容易受亲电子试剂的进攻, H^+沿N-N轴线方向攻击N2对活化N≡N键最有利.     

自兜反应中质子作用的量子化学模拟

本文采用CNDO/2法, 应用计算所得的键长与Mulliken键级间的关系作为判断量子化学模拟计算各化学强度的相对标准, 研究了质子环境反应物Roussin红盐的S,N,O等原子和由红盐形成Roussin黑盐的自兜反应中可能的中间状态的影响. 计算结果表明, 质子攻击可促使一个桥硫原子或一个NO基脱离体系从而有析于这一自兜反应的进行. 在反应过程中相互靠近的两个红盐阴离子之间的相互作用是影响复合体中各原子间键级变化的重要因素.     

聚氧乙烯-镧系金属盐(Ln3+)的络合对聚氧乙烯形态结构的影响

采用偏光显微镜(POM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和X 射线衍射,对聚氧乙烯(PEO)的形态结构和热物理行为随6种镧系盐对PEO的摩尔比变化的规律进行了系统的探讨.结果表明,随六合水氯化镧系盐摩尔比的增加,PEO球晶行为、熔点和熔融热均逐渐减弱,当盐对PEO的摩尔比达到一定值时(如YbCl3·6H2 O :PEO =2 0 ) ,则PEO完全不结晶.不同的镧系盐对PEO结晶的影响程度不同.X 射线衍射分析的结果也表明PEO晶面衍射峰随Ln3+ 盐摩尔比的增加而下降,与POM和DSC结果一致的.结果还表明较高的干燥温度(6 0℃)对PEO与Ln3+ 的相互作用有促进作用.对比二次降温的试样与原始试样的结晶行为,降温后结晶试样的特征表明络合在降温结晶后还存在.红外结果表明PEO与Ln3+ 的相互作用是络合作用.     

MASS SPECTRA OF ROUSSINATE ANIONS AND THEIR FRAGMENTATIONS

<正> Mass spectra of Roussinate anions in K+, Me4N+ and Bu4N+ salt have been obtained under appropriate operating conditions and the fragmentation pathways are proposed based on linked scan information of metastable transition in 1st FFR. and precise mass determinations. It was found that the skeleton structure of the red Roussinate anion is more stable than that of black Roussinate anion.It is interesting to note that rearrangement reaction with transfering of methyl radical in tetramethyl amonium to bridged sulfur atom occurs during evaporation of [(CH3)4N]2 [Fe2S2(NO)4] , forming Roussin's red methylester:In this paper we will provide some significant information in regard to the rationalization of the interconversion reaction between Roussinate anions under certain condition.     

The vibrational spectra of cyanoethylenes

The frequencies and forms of the vibrations of acrylonitrile, cis- and trans-dicyanoethylenes, tricyanoethylene, and tetracyanoethylene have been calculated using various sets of force constants which take account of bond interaction. It has been shown that the vibrational spectra of all the cyanoethylenes (like those of cyanoacetylene and cyanogen studied earlier) are described by means of force constants which are extremely similar to those for simple molecules containing the same bonds. The observed values of the force constants characterizing the C=C, C-C, and C=N bonds and their interaction have been compared with the constants in hydrocarbons with analogous structures and in simple molecules. It has been concluded that in cyanoethylenes the intramolecular mutual influence of the multiple bonds leads to very slight delocalization of the electrons, compared with that for conjugated hydrocarbons.     

过渡金属类立方烷型簇合物合成中的“活性元件组装”设想

本文讨论了Roussin黑盐的形成机理和“G”系模型物结构及其固氮活性成因的化学和量子化学研究结果。并由此提出了过渡金属类立方烷型簇合物合成中的“活性元件组装”设想;即过渡金属原子簇,特别是含μ2和μ3桥的类立方烷簇,可能由构成该原子簇的基本结构“元件”在一定活化条件下组装而成。考察了现有的Fe-S,Mo-S,Mo-Fe-S以及一些M-M′-X构型相类似的类立方烷簇合物,如[Fe_4S_4(SR)_4]~(2-),[MoFe_3S_4(SR)_n]~(m-),[VFe_3S_4Cl_3(DMF)3]单类立方烷簇,[Mo_2Fe_6S_9(SR)_8]~(8-),[Mo_2Fe_6S_8(SR)_9]~(3-),[Mo_2Fe_7S_8(SR)_(12)]~(3-,4-)桥联双立方烷簇以及(MeZn)_6Zn(OMe)_8孪合双立方烷簇的自兜合成反应,发现尽管它们似乎都是由简单的无机盐和有机配体“自兜”而成,然而它们都不能不经过某些“元件组装”的过程。提出了它们的可能的“元件组装”途径。此外还讨论了“元件组装在其他合成Mo、Fe、S类立方烷簇的反应中的存在。最后还进一步探讨了其他类型簇合物合成反应情况,表明“元件组装”设想是可能推广到类立方烷型簇以外的其他一些原子簇的合成的。     

稀土乙酰丙酮络合物的激光拉曼和红外光谱(Ⅰ)

本文测定了15个一水稀土乙酰丙酮络合物的激光拉曼和红外光谱,在401、415cm~(-1)附近的拉曼谱带对不同稀土离子表现敏感,它们随原子序数变化呈现“四分组”效应,这是第一次在振动光谱中观察到的镧系递变规律。该系列络合物的振动频率变化亦符合镧系“斜W”效应的规律,这些特征规律为确认401、415cm^-1附近谱带为M-O拉伸振动提供了最好的证据。实验结果同时可用于讨论M-O键的性质。     

Raman,infrared and force field studies of K2(12)C2O4 x H2O and K2(13)C2O4 x H2O in the solid state and in aqueous solution,and of (NH4)2(12)C2O4 x H2O and (NH4)2(13)C2O4 x H2O in the solid state

The Raman and infrared spectra of solid K2(12)C2O4 x H2O are reported together with, for the first time, the corresponding Raman and infrared spectra of solid K2(13)C2O4 x H2O. Raman spectra of aqueous solutions of both isotopomers are also reported. In the solid state the oxalate anion is planar with D2h symmetry in this salt, whereas in aqueous solution the Raman spectra of the anion are best interpreted on the basis of D2d symmetry. The Raman spectra of solid (NH4)2(12)C2O4 x H2O and (NH4)2(13)C2O4 x H2O, in which the oxalate anion is twisted from planarity by 28 degrees about the CC bond, have also been recorded. Several reassignments have been made. The harmonic force field for the oxalate anion in the D2h, D2 and D2d geometries has been determined in part, and approximate values of key valence force constants determined. All the observed band wavenumbers and 12C/13C isotopic shifts are well reproduced by the force fields. The potential energy distribution of the totally symmetric normal modes of planar oxalate indicates that each mode consists of extensively mixed symmetry corrdinates and that the labels previously used for the bands seen here at 475 and 879 cm(-1) would better be described as v(CC) and deltaS(CO2), respectively, putting them in the same wavenumber order as v(NN) and deltaS(NO2) for the isoelectronic and isostructural molecule N2O4. The stretching force constants of N2O4 and planar C2O4(2-) are established to be in the order f(NN) < f(CC) and f(NO) > f(CO), consistent with the known relative bond lengths.     

A new insight into the vibrational analysis of pyridine

A new proposal of vibrational assignment for pyridine is reported. Infrared spectra for the liquid and gas phases as well as Raman spectra for the liquid have been recorded and analyzed for -d(0), -d(5) and, for the first time to our knowledge, for 15N isotopomers as well. The proposal of assignment has been assessed by the calculation of a number of force fields, theoretical (ab initio, density functional theory) approaches as well as by a set of simple valence internal coordinates force constants transferred from benzene using the pure vibrational force field approximation. In all cases, the root mean square (rms) for the wavenumbers turn out to be lower than the best obtained so far, i.e. 6.6 cm(-1), as stated by Wiberg et al.     

In-plane vibrational modes of cytosine from an ab initio MO calculation

Harmonic force constants, in-plane vibrational frequencies, and in-plane vibrational modes of cytosine were calculated by an ab initio Hartree—Fock SCF MO method. The force contants were calculated by the use of an energy gardient method with the STO-3G basis set, and then they were corrected into “4-31G force constants” by the scaling factors given by us previously for the case of uracil. The corrected set of force constants can produce a calculated vibrational spectra of cytosine and cytosine-1,amino-d₃, that can be well corrected with the observed Raman and infrared spectra of these compounds, with little ambiguity. Thus, the assignments of all the in-plane vibrations are now practically established. The calculated vibrational modes, in addition, can account for the recently published resonance Raman effects of cytosine residue.