Region of linearity of the mechanical properties of reinforced plastics

The region of linearity of the viscoelastic properties of KAST-V glass laminate, textolite, and SVAM glass-reinforced plastic has been experimentally determined.Moscow Lomonosov State University. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 366–370, March–April, 1969.     

Anisotropy of the elastic and strength properties of reinforced plastics

The method and results of experimental investigation of anisotropy of the elastic and strength properties of reinforced plastics are discussed. A method of determining the mechanical characteristics in different directions on tubular test pieces is proposed. A special testing machine is described. It is shown that determining the strength and elastic properties of reinforced materials in directions other than the directions of reinforcing on flat test pieces cut mechanically leads to distorted results.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 461–466, 1967     

Structural-statistical analysis of the strain properties of laminated reinforced plastics

Conclusion The structural relations derived here make it possible to analytically predict the main statistical characteristics of the strain properties of an LRP with allowance for the mutual correlation of the random parameters of the structure. Use of the proposed relations is valid for studying combination loading (bending and a plane stress state), as well as when the structure of the composite is unbalanced. We evaluated the scale effect associated with the presence of multiple layers and determined the impact of this effect on the scatter of the strain properties of the LRP for different types of deformation. We also proposed a method of determining the actual statistical characteristics of layers indirectly — on the basis of experimental testing of multilayered unidirectional plastics. One promising prospect is the use of these results to formulate and solve problems involving optimization of the structure of LRP's on the basis of criteria ensuring the composite's reliability and dimensional stability. Finally, the results can also serve as a basis for establishing scientifically substantiated safety factors for stiffness.Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, No. 6, pp. 995–1001, November–December, 1990.     

Effect of extended storage on the mechanical properties of reinforced plastics

The effect of storage time (6–10 years) on the mechanical properties of KAST-V glass laminate, textolite, and SVAM glass-reinforced plastic has been experimentally investigated.Moscow Lomonosov State University. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 3, pp. 556–558, May–June, 1969.     

Study of the deformation properties of certain elastic reinforced plastics films

The author describes the results of an experimental study of the stress-strain relationship in elastic plastics films reinforced with kapron (nylon 6) mesh and tested in uniaxial and biaxial tension.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 43–51, 1966     

Calculation of elastic characteristics and creep functions of hollow-sphere plastics by the effective medium method

Conclusion Solutions for the elastic characteristics and the creep functions of a composite containing hollow spherical fillers as applies to the four-phase nucleus/jacket/binder/equivalent-homogeneous-material model are obtained in the study when the method of self-correspondence is used. It is demonstrated that if the two-stage approach (when the elastic characteristics of the nucleus + jacket system, and the composite are calculated in the first and second stages, respectively) yields an exact solution for the bulk modulus K_* of the composite, it is highly approximate when the shear modulus G_* of the composite is determined. The error of determination of G_* increases considerably (by a factor of 2–2.5 when = 0.4) when Kerner's approximate solution (2) is used in lieu of solution (8) for the three-phase model within the framework of the two stage approach. Dzenis and Maksimov [5] establish by comparison with experimental data that the four-phase model provides a rather exact solution for the elastic modulus of a composite when the bulk content of hollow spheres 0.4. It is also demonstrated that use of Kerner's approximate solution (2) within the framework of the two-stage approach in predicting the creep of a composite yields an inadmissibly high error in the region of the principal relaxation transition of the binder from the glassy to the highly elastic state.This work was sponsored at the Iberoamericana University in 1993 by the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT).Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 177–188, March–April, 1994.     

Effect of curvature of the fibers on the elastic properties of unidirectionally reinforced plastics

An approximate method is proposed for determining the reduced elastic constants of reinforced plastics (glass-reinforced plastics) with allowance for the curvature of the reinforcing fibers. All the conclusions relate to plane stress. The results of model tests are presented as confirmation of the theoretical conclusions.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 858–863, 1967     

Structural stresses in reinforced plastics

The safety parameters at any given point of a microinhomogeneous medium simulating the structure and properties of reinforced plastics are determined by solving the statistical boundary value problem. The results are illustrated in relation to randomly reinforced glass laminates.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 413–420, 1967     

Elastic constants of randomly reinforced plastics

A previously developed [4] general method of solving the nonlinear (in the statistical sense) boundary value problem of the theory of elasticity is used to determine the macroscopic moduli of elasticity of randomly reinforced plastics whose structure is simulated by a two-phase microinhomogeneous medium. The macroscopic modulus is represented in the form of a series composed of the sum of the mean value of the modulus and a sequence of corrections that take into account the central moments of the distribution of elastic constants. The limits of convergence of this series are established. The values of the macroscopic moduli for a glass-reinforced plastic obtained by calculation are compared with the experimental data.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 259–265, 1967     

Structural theory of the strength of reinforced plastics

Conclusions In the present study, we developed structural criteria that make it possible to predict at the component level (polymer binder, fibers) and interface level the long-term strength of laminated reinforced plastics in a plane stress state. The proposed relations make it possible to evaluate the effect of the rheological properties of the components, their volume fractions, and the geometry of the structure of the laminated packet on the long-term strength of reinforced plastics. The relations also permit resolution of the inverse problem: efficiently design the structure of such materials for specific loading conditions.Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, No. 5, pp. 833–839, September–October, 1989.     

Effect of stability of the structural parameters of laminated reinforced plastics on their strength properties

Conclusion As a result of the completed analysis, we estimated the effect of scatter of the strength properties of the layers, instability of the layers' strain properties, and instability of the geometry of the structure on the strength properties of multidirectional LRP's in a plane stress state. It was established that instability of the structural parameters produces two negative tendencies: a reduction in the mean values of LRP strength and an increase in their scatter. From the viewpoint of ensuring the reliability of structures (structural elements) made of such materials, these tendencies reinforce one another and are thus even more dangerous. It follows from this that the production method employed should not only (or not even mainly) solve the problem of increasing the values of the parameters of the materials (and their semifinished structural elements), it should also address the problem of alleviating their instability — improving the quality of production.The numerical analysis established the limits at which it is necessary to account for instability of structural parameters in engineering calculations: for the strain properties of the layers — a coefficient of variation of the elastic modulus greater than 10%; for the scatter of the angles of orientation of the layers — a standard deviation greater than 5 °. These numerical results and the computer program developed may prove useful in evaluating the actual properties of structural parameters determined in indirect tests of LRP's, as well as in more adequately comparing empirical data with corresponding calculations based on structural theories. The development of such an approach to analyzing the strength properties of multidirectional LRP's in bending also holds promise.Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, No. 4, pp. 659–666, July–August, 1990.     

Longitudinal shear of unidirectionally reinforced plastics

The deformation and strength properties of undirectionally reinforced plastics in longitudinal shear are investigated. A law of shear deformation that takes into account the nonlinear properties of the matrix is established. Two modes of failure of the reinforced plastic are examined. The dependence of the shear strength of the plastic on the volume reinforcement content and the strength properties of the matrix is investigated.     

Statistical theory of elasticity of reinforced plastics

A method of solving statistical boundary value problems in the stresses is proposed for microinhomogeneous composite media simulating the structure and properties of reinforced plastics. The coefficients of variation of the physical properties of the medium are not assumed small. Numerical examples are presented.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 438–444, 1968Presented on 5 June 1967 at a scientific seminar held at the Institute of Polymer Mechanics of the Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR.