共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 23 毫秒
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A low-temperature reduced (LR) supported platinum catalyst was used for the hydrogenation of benzaldehyde, nitrobenzene and
their mixture in ethanol, and compared with a high-temperature reduced (HR) catalyst. For benzaldehyde the LR catalyst was
highly active to the formation of benzyl alcohol and did not give benzaldehyde diethyl acetal, which was largely formed by
the HR catalyst. For the mixture, benzylideneaniline was selectively produced by the LR catalyst, while the HR catalyst gave
benzylaniline and the acetal. 相似文献
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在固定床反应器中,以正己烷为超临界介质,研究了三种Co催化剂(浸渍、喷雾干燥、双模催化剂)上的F-T合成反应行为。在相同的Co质量分数下,喷雾干燥催化剂和双模催化剂的活性接近,都高于浸渍催化剂。在喷雾干燥催化剂上CO的转化率显著高于浸渍催化剂。喷雾干燥催化剂F-T产物中具有高的低碳选择性和低的1-烯烃质量分数,然而在相近的CO转化率下,喷雾干燥和浸渍催化剂具有类似的1-烯烃质量分数。对于浸渍催化剂,当Co质量分数从5%增加到15%,CO转化率从8.3%增加到43.6%。含Co5%的催化剂比质量分数为10%、15%、20%催化剂的甲烷选择性低2.0%~3.0%,但产物中1-烯烃的质量分数明显要高。 相似文献
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PVP-PdCl2-CuCl2/SiO2-PEG600催化芳氯化物水相脱氯研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)负载双金属催化剂催化芳香氯化物脱氯已有报道[1~3];利用双金属的协同作用,可以大大提高催化剂的脱氯活性和选择性[4]. 但是,这些研究多是在有机相中进行的,催化剂在水相中则会降低甚至失去活性,且难以回收和重复利用. 然而,难溶于水的有毒芳香氯化物,常存在于工业或生活排放的废水中. 由于治理环境的需要,研究芳香氯化物催化水相脱氯,则是极具挑战性的课题. 本文把起相转移作用的聚乙二醇(PEG)键合到硅胶上作为固相载体,制成双负载双金属水相脱氯催化剂PVP-PdCl2-CuCl2/SiO2-PEG600,成功地用于难溶于水的芳香氯化物的水相脱氯. 研究结果表明,这种催化剂对于芳香氯化物有良好的催化脱氯性能,使用中便于分离并能重复利用. 同时,用IR,TEM和XPS等手段对催化剂进行了表征,探讨了催化剂中各组分在催化脱氯中的作用. 相似文献
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Cuong Duong-Viet Housseinou Ba Yuefeng Liu Lai Truong-Phuoc Jean-Mario Nhut Cuong Pham-Huu 《催化学报》2014,35(6):906-913
A hierarchical metal-free catalyst consisting of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes decorated onto a silicon carbide (N-CNTs/SiC) macroscopic host structure was prepared. The influence of N-CNTs incorporation on the physical properties of the support was evaluated using different characterization techniques. The catalyst was tested as a metal-free catalyst in the selective oxidation of H2S and steam-free dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. The N-CNTs/SiC catalyst exhibited extremely good desulfurization performance compared to a Fe2O3/SiC catalyst under less conducive reaction conditions such as low temperature, high space velocity, and a low O2-to-H2S molar ratio. For the dehy-drogenation of ethylbenzene, a higher dehydrogenation activity was obtained with the N-CNTs/SiC catalyst compared to a commercial K-Fe/Al2O3 catalyst. The N-CNTs/SiC catalyst also displayed good stability as a function of time on stream for both reactions, which was attributed to the strong anchoring of the nitrogen dopant in the carbon matrix. The extrudate shape of the SiC support allowed the direct macroscopic shaping of the catalyst for use in a conventional fixed-bed reactor without the problems of catalyst handling, transportation, and pressure drop across the catalyst bed that are encountered with nanoscopic carbon-based catalysts. 相似文献
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钯催化气相氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过催化剂反应性能和反应前后XPS谱图对比,分析了负载型钯催化剂在甲醇气相氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯过程中的失活原因,研究了HCl在维持催化剂活性及失活催化剂再生中的作用.结果表明,氯离子的流失是负载型钯碳催化剂失活的主要原因.由于氯离子的流失,对于PdCl2/AC催化剂,钯很容易从二价变为零价:对于PdCl2-CuCl2/AC催化剂,CuCl2发生变化,失去使钯保持二价氯化物状态的功能.在反应过程中补充HCl可以延长催化剂的寿命,也可以利用HCl对失活催化剂进行再生,但采用HCl不能从根本上解决催化剂失活的问题. 相似文献
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烷基化催化剂表面酸性及催化性能的动力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在确定关联升温速率、脱附峰温和脱附峰覆盖率的程序升温脱附动力学模型的基础上,通过TPD实验和模型参数估值,建立了表征催化剂酸密度、酸强度及强度分布情况的方法。研究表明,随着活化温度的提高,固体酸催化剂表面酸中心强度分布先变宽后趋于均匀,350?℃活化催化剂的强度分布最宽;催化剂表面酸强度和酸密度随活化温度提高均呈先增大后降低、分别在350 ℃和250 ℃活化温度达到极大值的变化规律。催化剂酸性与催化性能关联的结果表明,随着活化温度的提高,烷基化反应速率常数与总脱附量的变化趋势相同,而催化剂失活速率常数与脱附活化能变化趋势相同;催化剂活性稳定性随其酸强度的增大而变差,催化剂活性与催化剂酸量和酸强度有关。 相似文献
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《印度化学会志》2023,100(2):100884
Catalytic hydrogenation of acetylene was studied with an ideal feed with a catalyst prepared from different alumina support and with varying quantities of promoter addition. Silver promoted palladium alumina catalysts were prepared on the transition alumina, ρ-alumina and the catalyst performance was compared with the traditional palladium alumina catalyst based on α-alumina. The catalyst supports were prepared using the granulation technique and sequential impregnation method was used for the catalyst preparation. The silver metal loading was varied in the catalysts and the impact of varied promoter quantity was also studied. The supports were characterized for the acidity, alumina phase, and catalyst characterization was done using TEM, TPR, and BET method to understand the difference between catalysts prepared on different types of alumina support. A fixed bed catalyst reaction was used for the performance evaluation and an ideal gas with acetylene and nitrogen was used as the feed. The catalyst evaluation gives the comparative performance of the catalysts at different temperature conditions. Acetylene conversion and ethylene selectivity in the product were evaluated. The spent catalyst analysis was done using TGA and CHN analysis was performed to understand the carbon deposition and by-product formation during the reaction with different types of catalysts. 相似文献
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Recent progress on the chemical immobilization of heteropolyacid (HPA) catalyst on inorganic mesoporous material is reported in this review. Mesostructured cellular foam silica, mesoporous carbon, and nitrogen-containing mesoporous carbon were used as supporting materials. The mesoporous materials were modified to have a positive charge, and thus, to provide sites for the immobilization of HPA catalyst. By taking advantage of the overall negative charge of heteropolyanion, the HPA catalyst was chemically immobilized on the surface-modified mesoporous material as a charge-compensating component. Characterization results showed that the HPA catalyst was finely and molecularly dispersed on the surface of mesoporous material via strong chemical immobilization, and that the pore structure of mesoporous material was still maintained even after the immobilization of HPA catalyst. The supported HPA catalysts were applied to the model vapor-phase ethanol conversion, 2-propanol conversion, and methacrolein oxidation reactions. The supported HPA catalyst showed a better oxidation catalytic activity than the unsupported HPA catalyst in the model reactions. The enhanced oxidation catalytic performance of the supported HPA catalyst was attributed to the finely dispersed HPA catalyst, which was chemically immobilized on the positive site of mesoporous material by sacrificing its proton (Brönsted acid site). The HPA catalyst chemically immobilized on mesoporous material served as an excellent oxidation catalyst. 相似文献
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A comparison of the ethylene polymerization performance conducted with an oxo and a triphenylsilyl chromate catalyst on silica was performed. The oxo catalyst has higher activity and better comonomer response. The silylchromate catalyst has a much longer induction time and made a much broader molecular weight distribution polymer compared to the oxo analogue. Performance similar to silylchromate on silica was observed when triphenylsilanol (TPS) was added to the oxo chromium catalyst. The oxo catalyst was converted to the silyl chromate catalyst by ligand substitution. Analysis of the catalyst components when TPS was added to the oxo chrome analogue showed that bis triphenylsilyl chromate can form and be removed from the support. 相似文献
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以苯和炼厂干气中的乙烯合成乙苯结炭催化剂为研究对象,对结炭催化剂上积炭的性质及不同温度下的烧炭情况进行了研究,考察了再生前后催化剂的酸性、活性、晶相、比表面及孔结构等性能的变化。结果表明,催化剂孔的内表面积炭占据了酸性中心,致使催化剂活性降低;在烧炭时温度大于300 ℃才开始烧炭,最佳烧炭温度应控制在500℃~550℃,600 ℃可将炭完全烧净。程序升温脱附(TPD)实验表明,550 ℃实验室烧炭后催化剂酸种类及其比例可完全恢复,酸量可恢复到95%。晶相、孔结构基本未变,催化剂的活性得到良好恢复。 相似文献
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HZSM-5在线提质生物油及催化剂失活机理分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对不同使用时间的HZSM-5分子筛在线催化提质制取的生物油进行理化特性和成分分析,从生物油品质角度对HZSM-5的催化性能进行评价;并采用TG、BET、XRD、SEM和TEM等方法对失活的HZSM-5催化剂进行表征分析,探讨了HZSM-5催化提质生物油的失活机理,并进行再生研究。研究表明,HZSM-5分子筛可转化生物油中的酸类、醛类和酮类等"非期望"有机物,生成较多"期望"有机物,如酚类和芳烃类物质,降低生物油的氧含量及酸性,提高生物油的热值;HZSM-5使用80 min后,生物油品质明显变差,催化剂活性明显降低;失活催化剂上沉积的焦炭主要呈纤维状,同时,还存在少量石墨状焦炭,焦炭总量达14.12%,且使用过程中催化剂的比表面积和孔容均下降,晶粒的团聚现象加剧,结晶度下降;在催化提质过程中,在孔道内生成的石墨状焦炭及在表面形成的纤维状焦炭大量覆盖活性位点,使得催化剂失活。经550℃再生后,催化剂可恢复催化性能。 相似文献
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为提高PtCo/C合金催化剂的电化学性能,采用微波法合成铂钴锰催化剂前驱体,经高温热处理形成合金,最后通过酸处理得到铂钴锰合金催化剂(PtCoMn/C)。电化学测试结果表明:适量锰的添加可提升PtCo/C催化剂的活性和耐久性。PtCo Mn/C催化剂在0.9 V(vs RHE)电压下的质量比活性(MA)达到0.666 A·mgPt-1,是传统Pt/C的2.66倍,是PtCo/C催化剂的1.30倍。在30 000圈催化剂加速耐久性测试中,PtCoMn/C合金催化剂的电化学活性面积(ECSA)和质量比活性(MA)仅下降6.9%和27.1%,均远低于Pt/C催化剂。 相似文献
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以对苯二甲酸根阴离子为预支撑体,制备了磷钨酸插层Zn/Al类水滑石杂化物催化剂,将其用于邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DOP)的合成反应.研究了原料配比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等对邻苯二甲酸酐转化率的影响,及催化剂的可重复利用性.结果表明,磷钨酸-Zn/Al类水滑石杂化催化剂对DOP合成的催化效果较好,在催化剂用量为苯酐质量的0.76%,异辛醇与邻苯二甲酸酐的摩尔比为2.5,反应温度为180℃,反应时间为4.5 h,带水剂环己烷约为苯酐质量65%的反应条件下,苯酐转化率可达92.8%;反应10 h转化率可达97.9%.催化剂重复使用时转化率略有下降,经过乙醇洗涤再生,活性即可基本恢复. 相似文献
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为提高PtCo/C合金催化剂的电化学性能,采用微波法合成铂钴锰催化剂前驱体,经高温热处理形成合金,最后通过酸处理得到铂钴锰合金催化剂(PtCoMn/C)。电化学测试结果表明:适量锰的添加可提升PtCo/C催化剂的活性和耐久性。PtCoMn/C催化剂在 0.9 V(vs RHE)电压下的质量比活性(MA)达到 0.666 A·mgPt-1,是传统 Pt/C 的 2.66 倍,是 PtCo/C 催化剂的 1.30 倍。在30 000圈催化剂加速耐久性测试中,PtCoMn/C合金催化剂的电化学活性面积(ECSA)和质量比活性(MA)仅下降6.9%和27.1%,均远低于Pt/C催化剂。 相似文献
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制备高碳醇用Cu-Zn-Zr催化剂的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究了制备高碳醇用新的催化体系CuZnZr.CuZnZr催化剂可用Cu(NO3)2,Zn(NO3)2,ZrOCl2和Na2CO3为原料,采用并流共沉淀法制备.研究结果表明,CuZnZr催化剂对脂肪酸甲酯加氢制备高碳脂肪醇具有很高的活性.催化剂的活性测定结果及XRD和TPR表征结果表明,Cu和Zn都是该催化剂的活性组分,Cu0和ZnO是其活性物相,Zr组分以ZrO物相存在,对活性组分起着间隔分散作用.用ASAP2000型物理吸附仪测定了催化剂的比表面积、比孔容、孔结构和孔径分布,揭示了在不同条件下制备的CuZnZr催化剂活性差异的原因 相似文献