微维营养片对农村苗族学龄前儿童营养调查及干预评价

对160名农村苗族学龄前儿童进行了膳食营养状况调查,并分组补充微维营养素进行营养干预试验。结果表明,苗族学龄膳食儿童热能及蛋白质基本达到RDA,但钙、核黄素、维生素A缺乏明显,膳食结构不合理,贫血发生率高,补充微量元素和维生素对儿童贫血有明显改善作用。提出了几项促进学龄儿童营养健康的建议措施。     

贵州省两县市6岁以下儿童营养健康状况调查

为了解学龄前儿童营养健康状况，进一步开展营养干预改善工作，对两县市的821名儿童进行了营养健康状况、患病情况等调查，结果表明儿童中低体重发生率为20％，生长迟缓发生率为28．9％，两者在2－6岁的儿童中发生率较高，调查前两周儿童呼吸系统疾病和腹泻的发生率也较高。提出了进一步改善儿童营养健康状况的建议措施。     

广州黄埔区内0～6岁儿童近五年健康状况分析

为了解最近5年广州医学院港湾医院辖区内0~6岁小儿的营养、健康状况变化趋势和明确今后儿童保健工作的重点,对该院管辖的7所幼儿园集体儿童及9个居委散居儿童,连续5年(2002—2006年)的体检资料进行了回顾性分析,人数达14485人,所有的体检资料均按照《WHO 0~6岁儿童身高体质量参考值及评价标准》以及贫血、视力异常、龋齿的国家卫生部标准进行评价。结果表明,总体的儿童营养不良率为0.86%,肥胖率为1.87%,生长迟缓患病率为1.26%,轻度贫血率1.35%;观察各年情况,肥胖率有逐年增长趋势,儿童营养不良率无逐年下降趋势;广州医学院港湾医院辖区内0~6岁小儿的营养不良、肥胖、生长迟缓、轻度贫血等患病率低于全国水平,但也有不容忽视之处,营养不良、轻度贫血等并没有因生活水平的提高而消失。加强对家长的科学育儿健康教育,以提高他们的育儿知识水平,是儿保工作的重点,应进一步降低儿童营养不良、贫血的发生率;对儿童肥胖应当切实采取措施,预防和控制肥胖症的发生。     

广州黄埔区内O～6岁儿童近五年健康状况分析

为了解最近5年广州医学院港湾医院辖区内0～6岁小儿的营养、健康状况变化趋势和明确今后儿童保健工作的重点,对该院管辖的7所幼儿园集体儿童及9个居委散居儿童,连续5年(2002-2006年)的体检资料进行了回顾性分析,人数达14 485人,所有的体检资料均按照以及贫血、视力异常、龋齿的国家卫生部标准进行评价.结果表明,总体的儿童营养不良率为0.86%,肥胖率为1.87%,生长迟缓患病率为1.26%,轻度贫血率1.35%;观察各年情况,肥胖率有逐年增长趋势,儿童营养不良率无逐年下降趋势;广州医学院港湾医院辖区内0～6岁小儿的营养不良、肥胖、生长迟缓、轻度贫血等患病率低于全国水平,但也有不容忽视之处,营养不良、轻度贫血等并没有因生活水平的提高而消失.加强对家长的科学育儿健康教育,以提高他们的育儿知识水平,是儿保工作的重点,应进一步降低儿童营养不良、贫血的发生率;对儿童肥胖应当切实采取措施,预防和控制肥胖症的发生.     

广州市儿童膳食模式中硒营养改善的研究

报道了富硒眉豆营养米的研制，以改善广州地区儿童膳食模式中的硒营养．     

集体儿童膳食供给及头发中锌,铁,钙,碘元素含量调查

以华清村幼儿园２２５名儿童为对象进行了膳食供给情况调查和头发中锌、铁、钙、碘元素含量的测定。结果显示,膳食中钙元素的供给不足ＲＤＡ的５０％,头发检测钙、锌、碘、铁四元素分别为７６％、６０％、３７．８％、３４．７％的儿童达不到正常参考值标准,故除应加强膳食管理,为儿童提供科学、合理的平衡膳食外,还必须补充适量吸收好、利用率高的钙制剂,同时在监测下有针对性地补充铁、锌、碘元素。     

平顶山矿区小学生膳食与营养状况分析

为了解平顶山矿区儿童的营养现状，以便对其膳食指导特别是微量元素的营养指导提供科学依据，整群抽取平顶山矿区某小学住宅生134名，采用5日称重法进行膳食调查；原子吸收光谱法测定血清钙、铁、锌含量。结果表明，蛋白质、热量、Fe、Zn的摄入量可达RNI规定；而Ca的摄入量不足，仅达BNI的45．6％。血清Ca、Zn、Fe值低于正常参考值范围的检出率分别为17．9％、2．3％、1．5％。可见该小学生住宅生钙摄入不足，缺钙现象较为普遍，应调整膳食结构，增加含钙丰富的食物。     

长沙市500例2～6岁儿童铁缺乏症调查分析

对５００例２－６岁儿童铁缺乏症了调查，采用耳垂动脉化微量取因，用纸片法检测，其中Ｈｂ采用ＨｉＣＮ法，ＦＥＰ采用芯荧光分析，缺铁性盆血期绝大多数为轻度贫血，占９７．５％，７岁以下儿童轻度贫血者铁缺乏显著。     

广州市荔湾区555例学龄儿童血液锌原卟啉测定结果分析

对广州市荔湾区555例6-7岁儿童进行了血红蛋白(Hb)、锌原卟琳(ZPP)测定，并对部分儿童进行了血清铁蛋白(SF)及血铅(Pb)测定，以了解本区学龄儿童铁缺乏及铅中毒发病情况。结果显示，隐性缺铁(ID IDE)245例，发病率44．1％，其中缺铁性贫血(IDA)107例，发病率为19．3％，铅中毒发病率为48．6％。提示本区学龄儿童铁缺乏及铅中毒发病率相当高(尤其后者)，应加强防治工作。     

小儿锌、铜、铁、钙缺乏症的调查及健康指导

为了解本地区小儿锌，铜，铁，钙缺乏的情况，以便更好地进行小儿营养膳食指导，对1994－2001年在我院儿科门诊就诊4891例小儿发中锌，铜,铁，钙含量进行了测定。结果表明，锌，钙，铁，铜缺乏率 ：38．5％，26．8％，16．7％，0．2％。锌缺乏率有随年龄增长而增高的趋势，而钙缺乏率则有下降趋势。可见锌，铁，钙营养不足仍是本地区小儿最主要的健康问题，应根据不同年龄进行有针对性健康教育及营养指导。     

消化道肿瘤患者术前营养状况分析

为了解消化道肿瘤患者术前的营养状况,给制订术前患者营养干预方案提供依据,运用NRS-2002和24 h回顾膳食调查法对120例消化道肿瘤患者术前进行了营养评价和膳食调查.结果表明,NRS-2002评分结果,有67.5%患者存在营养不良风险,且年龄越大营养不良风险发生率越高;膳食调查结果,消化道肿瘤患者术前实际营养素摄入...     

Daily dietary selenium intake of selected Brazilian population groups

Due to its essential characteristics, the daily dietary selenium intake of individuals should be monitored accurately. In the current work, daily selenium intake of different Brazilian population groups based on duplicate portion diet analysis was evaluated and compared with the new estimated average requirement values (EAR), to assess if selenium deficiency or excess could be observed in these groups. Selenium content was determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA). The average daily dietary selenium intake found was 26.3 (±8.3) ·g/day for children from the city of São Paulo, 37.4 (±16.0) ·g/day for children from Belém, 107 (±107) ·g/day for children from Macapá, 28.4 (±7.5) ·g/day for institutionalized elderly, 32 (±6) ·g/day for non-institutionalized elderly and 37 (±17) ·g/day for university students from São Paulo. Most daily dietary selenium intake range observed were below the EAR values. The values obtained for children groups from Belém and Macapá cities, whose intake levels were much higher than the recommendation, were an exception.     

克拉玛依市维吾尔族居民膳食调查

为了解新疆克拉玛依市维吾尔族居民膳食营养状况,采用食物频率法对该地区401名维吾尔族居民进行膳食调查和营养评价.结果表明,克拉玛依市维吾尔族居民膳食种类比较单一,导致能量、碳水化合物、硫胺素、核黄素、钙等营养素未达到RNI的要求,而脂肪、胆固醇、盐摄入量偏高.提示硫胺素、核黄素、钙、镁为当地维吾尔族缺乏的营养素,建议对...     

Dietary intake of zinc and selenium in Turkey

It is known that in the Turkish soil Se and Zn concentrations are somewhatlower than in other countries. Lower zinc intake causes significant healthproblems mostly at rural areas. Six different population groups, total of55 subjects, consisting of children, people from rural areas, university studentsand staff members were selected and diet samples were collected by duplicateportion technique. Bread and flour samples were collected from six differentbakeries in Ankara. Zinc, selenium and other trace elements in these sampleswere analyzed mostly by INAA. Daily dietary zinc intake differs among differentgroups, ranging 5–13 mg Zn/day, and for all cases, it is lower thanRDA value of 15 mg Zn/day. Similarly, selenium daily intake is around 20–53µg Se/day, which is also lower than RDA value of 55–70 µgSe/day.     

Determination of Trace Elements in Integrated Human Diet for Dietary Assessment

Abstract

Neutron activation analysis in combination with atomic absorption spectrometry was utilized for the determination of 21 elements in integrated diet samples of the inhabitants of the Rawalpindi/Islamabad area. The study was carried out to determine prevailing concentration levels of trace elements nutrition, inadequacy, imbalances and toxicity. This data will serve as baseline values and will be helpful to monitor the degree of future contamination from foreign chemicals. The dietary intake values were also estimated and compared with the reported daily intake values. In general, the diets studied are adequate source of nutrient elements. The toxic elements intake through all the diet samples are within the safety limits.     

广东省高校大学生膳食调查及营养配餐推荐

本调查报告采用问卷法了解广东主要高校大学生一周内熟食进食量及用餐情况，计算出每人每日热量和各种营养素的摄人量，采用Microsoft Excel软件进行数据处理和统计分析，并用中国营养学会制订的DRIs(膳食营养素参考摄人量)和中国居民膳食指南及平衡膳食宝塔进行比较分析，且通过微量元素检测对结果进行了验证，最后提供了为期一周的营养配餐作为膳食参考。主要调查结果如下：男女生的蛋白质、尼克酸、维生素C、维生素E、碘和男生锰的摄入量已经满足人体需要。男生铁和锰的摄入量基本满足需要。男女生的能量、脂肪、膳食纤维、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、钙、锌的摄人量都不足，且女生铁的摄人量同样不足。男女生一日三餐热量分配结构十分不平衡，早餐的热量摄入均偏低，膳食结构也不合理。在分析广东省大学生膳食状况的基础上，推出五套营养配餐方案供高校膳食部门和大学生参考选用。     

78例体弱儿血微量元素分析

通过 78例体弱儿血微量元素锌、铁、钙、铅的检测 ,并与健康儿童对照研究 ,发现体弱儿有明显的缺锌、缺铁 (P <0 0 1 )。结果提示 ,缺锌缺铁对体弱儿的发生发展起重要作用 ,体弱儿与微量元素缺乏密切相关。     

一起学生补碘后群体癔病暴发流行的调查分析

对一起学生补碘后群体癔病暴发流行进行了调查分析。结果显示，在服用碘片的1600名学生中，480名有不适反应，要求就诊，占服药人数的30％。讨论了诱发的因素，提出了防治对策。     

Total Diet Study: Mg and Mn content estimation of a Market Basket of São Paulo state (Brazil) by Instrumental Neutron Activation

Total Diet Studies (TDS) have been carried out to estimate dietary intakes of the essential and toxic elements for a large-scale population over a specific period of time. In this study, the TDS was based on the evaluation of food representing a Market Basket (MB), which reflected the dietary habits of the São Paulo State population, corresponding to 72 % of the average food consumption for the state of São Paulo. In the present Total Diet Study, magnesium and manganese concentrations were determined in 30 of the most consumed food groups of a MB of São Paulo State, Brazil. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) has been successfully used on a regularly basis in several areas of nutrition and foodstuffs. Element concentrations were determined by INAA in freeze-dried samples and ranged in mg kg^?1. Mg 41.4 (fats)–5287 (coffee) and Mn 0.12 (prime grade beef)–32.9 (coffee). The average daily Mg and Mn intake was calculated by multiplying the concentration of each element in each table-ready food group by the respective weight (g day^?1) of the food group in the MB and adding the products from all food groups. The results of daily dietary intakes in this study were: Mg 174.8 and Mn 1.34 mg day^?1. Theses values were lower than the adequate intake (AI) proposed by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (USA National Academy) for adults. The low levels of Mg and Mn intakes presented in this TDS are probably due to the fact that MB of this study represented only 72 % of the weight of the most consumed household foods of São Paulo State.