RESEARCH ANNOUNCEMENTS On a Problem Given by D.R.Smart

In [1] Section 5.2, D.R. Smart gave a problem: Does every shrinking mappingof the closed unit ball in a Banach space have a fixed point? In this paper, we givea negative answer to this problem by constructing a counter-example. Definition Let (X,d) be a metric space and T a mapping of X into X. Wecall T a shrinking mapping if d(Tx,Tg)相似文献   

关于 Heine 定理成立的两个充分条件

本文论述拓扑空间 X 具有 A_1(即 X 满足第一可数公理)和 X 的拓扑能用列收敛刻划(即 (?)A(?)X 及(?)a∈(?),A 中有序列 x_n→x)各自分别是映射 f:X→Y(Y 也是拓扑空间)具有 Heine 性质(即 f:X→Y 连续(?)(?)x∈X 及 X 中的任何序列{x_n},由 x_n→x 可推出f(x_n)→f(x))的充分条件,但都非必要条件,而且后一个条件弱于前一个条件.     

SOME FIXED POINT THEOREMS OF CONTRACTIVE TYPE MAPFINGS

1. Let X be the conjugate of a separable Banach space satifying the *-Opial condition, i. e., if \[\{ {x_n}\} \subset x,{x_n}\mathop \to \limits^{{w^*}} {x_\infty },{x_\infty } \ne y\], then\[\mathop {\overline {\lim } }\limits_{n \to \infty } ||{x_n} - {x_\infty }|| < \mathop {\overline {\lim } }\limits_{n \to \infty } ||{x_n} - y||\] for rxample \[X = {l_1}\] Let K be a nonempty weak* closed convex subset of X. The main results are: Theorem 1. Suppose T is a ooniinuons mappings of K into itself such that for every \[x,y \in K\]，\[||Tx - Ty|| \le a||x - y|| + b\{ ||x - Tx|| + ||y - Ty||\} + c\{ ||x - Ty|| + ||y - Tx||\} \] where real numbers \[a,b,c \ge 0\] and \[a + 2b + 2c = 1\]. Suppose also K is bounded.Then T has at least one fixed point in K. Theorem 2. Let T be a mapping of K into itself, and \[a(x,y),b(x,y),c(x,y)\]be real functions such that for all\[x,y \in K\] \[||Tx - Ty|| \le a(x,y)||x - y|| + b(x,y)\{ ||x - Tx|| + ||y - Ty||\} + c(x,y)\{ ||x - Ty|| + ||y - Tx||\} \] and \[a(x{\rm{y}},y){\rm{ + }}2b(x,y){\rm{ + }}2c(x,y) \le 1\] Suppose there exists \[x \in K\] such that \[O(x) = \{ {T^n}x\} _{n = 1}^\infty \] is bounded and \[\mathop {\inf }\limits_{y,z \in o(x)} c(y,z) > 0\] Then T has at least one fixed point z in K and \[{T^n}x\mathop \to \limits^{{w^*}} z\]. 2. We denote \[CL(x) = \{ A;nonempty{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} closed{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} subset{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} of{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} X\} \] \[K(x) = A;nonempty{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} closed{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} subset{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} of{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} x\} \] here X is a complete metric space with metric d. On \[CL(x)\] and \[K(x)\] we introduce the generalized Hausdorff distance \[H(,)\], The main results are: Theorem 3. Suppose \[\{ T,S\} \] is a pair of set-valued mappings of X into \[CL(x)\],which satisfies the following condition: \[H(Tx,Sy) \le hMax\{ d(x,y),D(x,Tx),D(y,Sy),\frac{1}{2}[D(x,Sy) + D(y,Tx)]\} \] for each \[x,y \in K\], where 0相似文献   

Best Simultaneous Approximation for Dunham-Type by an N-Dimensional Subspace on a Set of N+1 Points

Let X={x_0,x_1…,x_n}and let c(X)be the set of all continuous real functions on X with the Chebyshev norm. Let G=span{g_1,g_2,…,g_n}be an n-dimensional subspace of c(X).Let T={(f~+,f~-):f~+≥f~-and f~+,f~-∈c(X)}.If there exists a P∈G such that max{||f~+-P||, ||f~--P||}=inf{max{||f~+-Q||, ||f~--Q||}:Q∈G},(1) then P is called a best simultaneous approximation to(f~+,f~-)from G.     

关于无条件收敛级数的几点注记

在Banach空间[简称(B)型空间]中的无条件收敛级数,曾被许多作者研究过。按Gelfand( [1]第一部分§4)级数∑x_n,x_n∈E[(B)型空间]叫做无条件收敛,如果对任意f∈E~*(E的共轭空间),∑|f(x_n)|<∞。他并给出了极数无条件收敛的两个等值定义: (1)极数∑x_n 无条件收敛,必须且只须存在常数M,使∑|f(x_n)|≤M||f||。对一切f∈E~*成立。 (2)级数∑x_n无条件收敛,必须且只须存在常数M,使||∑ε_nx_n||≤M,对一切自然数N和ε_n=±l成立。     

点度和面度的最小值是3的连通平图

称一个连通平图是k||δ_(v,f~-)平图,若其顶点的最小度δ_v和面的最小度δ_f的最小值δ_(v,f)是k.本文研究3||δ_(v,f~-)平图.通过一个图运算构造证明链环分支数等于1的3||δ_(v,f~-)平图的存在性,并证明在相等意义下链环分支数不小于基圈数的3||δ_(v,f~-)平图是唯一的.然后证明在相等意义下,边数等于6,8的3||δ_(v,f~-)平图都是唯一的,边数等于9的3||δ_(v,f~-)平图有且只有两个且它们是互为对偶的.接着研究连通平图与其中间图在相等意义下的相互关系.作为运用,证明了无弓形链环图的三个唯一性结论.     

计算方程重根及其重数的算法

给出一种计算方程重根及重数的迭代算法,分别具有平方收敛和线性收敛.(i)迭代:x_(n+1)=x_n-f x_n (f'(x_n))/((f'(x_n))~2-(f(x_n)f~n(x_n)),m_n=((f'(x_n)))~2/((f'(x_n))~2-f(xn_)f″(x_n)),n=0,1,2,…,重数m≈mn;(ii)加速迭代:x_(n+1)=x_n-(f~((m-1))(x_n))/(f(~m)(x_n)).     

实数的广义二进展式的一个概率性质

设0相似文献   

Plurigenera of compact connected strongly pseudoconvex CR manifolds In memory of Salah Baouendi

Strongly pseudoconvex CR manifolds are boundaries of Stein varieties with isolated normal singularities.We introduce a series of new invariant plurigeneraδm,m∈Z+for a strongly pseudoconvex CR manifold.The main purpose of this paper is to present the following result:Let X1and X2be two compact strongly pseudoconvex embeddable CR manifolds of dimension 2n-1 3.If there is a non-constant CR morphism from X1to X2,thenδm(X2)δm(X1)whereδm(Xi)is the plurigeneus of Xi(see Definition 2.4).     

某些环的结构

Jacobson的著名定理指出,若结合环R满足:对任意x∈R均有整数m(x)>1使x~[m(s)]=x,则R同构于一些域的亚直接和.Putcha与Yaqub推广了此结果.定义x_1,…,x_n的一个字w(x_1,…,x_n)为一个乘积,其每个因子都是某个x_i(i=1,…,n).于是,一个多项式f(x_1,…,x_n)则具形     

几类非自治系统的指数渐近稳定性

§1.预备知识对向量及矩阵引进模的概念如下:向量x的模记为||x|| ||X|| sum from i=1 to n |x_i|矩阵A的模记为||A|| ||A||sum from i.j=1 to n |a_(ij)|引理1设A为n×n阶常数矩阵,且它的所有特征根λ_k(k=1,2,…,n)均具有负     

ON THE SINGULAR VARIATIONAL PROBLEMS

The authors deal with the singular variational problem S(a,b,λ0):=infu∈E,u(≡／)0 ∫RN(||X|-a(△)u|m ∫|x|-(a 1)m|u|m)dx/(∫RN||X|-bU|P dx)m/p as well as (S)=(S)(a,b,λ1,λ2):=u,ν,E∈,u(u,ν)(≡／)(1,1) ∫RN J(u,ν)dx/(∫RN|x|-bp|u|α|ν|βdx)m/p, whereJ(u, v) = ||x|- au|m λ1|x|- (a 1)m|u|m ||x|- av|m λ2|x|- (a 1)m|v|m,N ≥ m 1 ＞ 2, 0 ≤ a ＜ N-m/m, a ≤ b ＜ a 1 and p = p(a,b) = α β =Nm/N-m m(b-a), α, β≥ 1, E = D1,mα(RN). The aim of this paper is to show the existence of minimizer for S(a, b, A0) and S(a, b, λ1, λ2).     

Orlicz-Sobolev空间上的非负下半连续泛函

设M(u)是N-函数,(除特殊声明外)Ω是n维欧氏空间R~n中具有强局部Lipschitz性质的有界区域,W~mL_M~*(Ω)是由M(u)生成的Orlicz—Soboldev空间(m≥1).对W~nL_M~*(Ω)上的非负泛函T,记||u||_T=|u|_(m,M)+Tu;对r_1,r_2:0相似文献   

相依样本下非参数回归函数估计的强收敛速度

设(X,Y),(X_1,Y_1,),…,(X_n,Y_n)是一个平稳、φ—混合过程((X,Y)∈R~d×R,E|Y|~(s δ)<∞,s≥2,δ>0),用m(x)记E{Y|X=x},本文讨论了m(x)的如下估计m_n(x)的强收敛速度:     

关于Banach空间X的Maluta常数D(X)的某些结果

Banach空间X的Maluta常数D(X)定义为(?){x_n}是X中的序列且diam(x_n)=1。本文给出更多的Banach空间使它们的Maluta常数小于1。特别,这些空间具有正规结构。本文推广了Giles-Sims-Swaminathan, Dulst, Dulst-Sims, Turett等人的结果。     

Multi-peak nodal solutions for a two-dimensional elliptic problem with large exponent in weighted nonlinearity

We consider the boundary value problem u +p|x2α||u|-1u = 0,-1 < α = 0, in the unit ball B with the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition, when p is a large exponent. By a constructive way, we prove that for any positive integer m, there exists a multi-peak nodal solution up whose maxima and minima are2 located alternately near the origin and the other m points qll=(λ cosπ(l-1)2, λ-1)msinπ(m), l = 2,, m + 1,such that as p goes to +∞,m+1pα|x2||upp|-1up 8πe(1 + α)δ0 + 8πe(-1)l-1δl=2re λ∈(0, 1), m is an odd number with(1 + α)(m + 2)-1 > 0, or m is an even,ql whe number. The same techniques lead also to a more general result on general domains.     

Quasi-Normal Structure and Fixed Point of Nonlinear Mappings

Let (X,|| ||) be a Banach space. For $\Omega \subset X^*$ and $x\in X$ we introduce the following notations (p\geq 1 and n\in N) $|X|_{\Omega _p(n)}=sup{(\sum\limits_{f\in F} |f(x)|^p)^{1/p}:F \subset \Omega,|F|\leq n$ $|X|_{\Omega _\infty}=sup{|f(x)|:f\in \Omega}$ A convex subset E of X is said to have guasi-normal structure whenever there exists a norm 1 | on A which satisfies the following conditions; (i) E has norinal structure relative to the norm ||| |||. (ii) There exist $\Omega \subset X^*$, p\geq 1 and \theta \in (0,1], such that $|x|_{\Omega _p(2) \leq |||x||| \leq ||x||}$ for x\in E and |||x|||<||x|| implies $2^1/p |x|_\Omega_\infty \geq \theta ||x||+(1-\theta)|||x|||$ or (ii)' There exist \Omega \subset X^*,p\geq 1 and \alpha \in [1,4^1/p) such that for all x\in E, |x|_\Omega_\rho(4)\leq |||x|||,||x||=max{|||x|||,\alpha|x|_\Omega_\infty} and for any countable subset w of \Omega $sup{\sum\limits _{\delt\in w |f(x)|^p:x\in E}<+\infty$ We notice that a set with normal steucture must have quasi-normal structure and there exist sets without normal structure which quasi-normal structure. The main result of the present paper is as follows. Theorem. Let (X, || ||) be a Banach space, E a weak compact convex nonempty subset of X with quasi-normal structure. Let T be a mapping of E in to itself. If there exists a sequence {x_n} in any T-invariant convex subset of E such that $lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} ||x_n-x_n+1||=lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}||x_n-Tx_n||=0$ and $lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} ||y-x_n||=\delta(\bar co{x_n}),for y\in \bar co({c_n})$ limll2/-*?ll=3(coK}), for y€co({xa}), then the mapping T has a fixed point in E, In particular, if the mapping T satisfies $||Tx-Ty||\leq max{||x-y||,1/2(||x-Ty||+||y-Tx||)},for x,y\in E$ then the mapping T has a fixed point in E.     

最大度与最小度相差不超过2的图的平衡judicious划分

图G的顶点集V(G)的一个二部划分V_1和V_2叫做平衡二部划分,如果||V_1|-|V_2||≤1成立.Bollobas和Scott猜想:每一个有m条边且最小度不小于2的图,都存在一个平衡二部划分V_1,V_2,使得max{e(V_1),e(V_2)}≤m/3,此处e(V_i)表示两顶点都在V_i(i=1,2)中的边的条数.他们证明了这个猜想对正则图(即△(G)=δ(G))成立.颜娟和许宝刚证明了每个(k,k-1)-双正则图(即△(G)-δ(G)≤1)存在一个平衡二部划分V_1,V_2,使得每一顶点集的导出子图包含大约m/4条边.这里把该结论推广到最大度和最小度相差不超过2的图G.     

关于数论函数方程φ(x_1…x_(n-1)x_n)=m(φ(x_1)+…+φ(x_(n-1))+φ(x_n))

运用Euler函数的性质证明了:当n>1时,方程φ(x_1…x_(n-1)x_n)=m(φ(x_1)+…+φ(x_(n-1))+φ(x_n))仅有有限多组正整数解(x_1,…,x_(n-1),x_n),得到了这些解都满足max{x_1,…,x_(n-1),x_n}≤2m⁴(n-1)4(n-1)²n2n².     

关于解非线性方程组的King-Werner叠代过程的收敛性

解非线性方程组P(x)=0的Newton叠代法S_(n 1)=u(x_n)的种种改进与其叠代函数u(x)=x-P’(x)~(-1) P(x)由一目拓广到两目ω(x,z)=x-P’(z)~(-1)P(x)有关,King-Werner的改进方案x_(n 1)=w(x_n, 1/2(x_n y_n)),y_(n 1)=w(x_(n 1),1/2(x_n y_n))保持计值量不变而使收敛阶达到1 2~(1/2),我们证明了,设P:D? C~N→C~N在凸区域D上具有以L为常数的Lipschitz连续的二阶Frechet导数P″(x),||P″x||≤M x∈D,?x_0∈D,x_1=u(x_0),||x_1-x_0||≤η, ||P’(x_0)~(-1)||≤β,M 1/12Lη≤K,h=Kβη≤1/2,S≡{x|||x-x_1||≤η(1-(1-2h)~(1/2)/(1 (1-2h)~(1/2))}?D,则King-Werner叠代过程产生的x_n和y_n都属于S并且收敛于N元方程组P(x)=0的解,这个结论,与关于Newton叠代过程收敛性的Ostrowski-定理十分相似。