Energy approach to the description of magnetoelastic damping in ferromagnets

Using the Green's function method for a system of 90° domain walls (DW) for the equilibrium and Poisson equations in which the surface density of the magnetic pole energy is accounted for, we have found an expression for the displacement of a DW in the quasistatic approximation and its flexure which is represented in the form of three terms, and also its interaction force with point and linear defects. Thus we have used the equations which describe the condition for dislodgement of the DW from defects to find relations which describe the number of irreversible jumps of the wall, the energy dissipated per jump, and the magnetoelastic loss with a uniform distribution of defects over the DW.     

Effect of magnetoelastic interaction on the thermodynamics of ferromagnets: Simulation by the method of spin-lattice dynamics

Thermodynamic properties of systems with coupled magnetic and lattice degrees of freedom are analyzed by the numerical spin-lattice dynamics (SLD) method. A scheme of numerical integration is developed for SLD equations in a thermostat, that follows the earlier formulated approaches and is modified to describe systems with realistic interatomic interactions. The method proposed allows one to calculate the spectral density of oscillations, heat capacity, magnetization, and thermal expansion coefficient within a single scheme. It is established that, due to short-range magnetic order, the interplay between magnetic and lattice degrees of freedom contributes to the thermodynamic properties of the system even in the paramagnetic state. It is shown that there exist two mechanisms how the spin-lattice interaction influences the thermodynamic properties: static and dynamic mechanisms; the first is determined by its contribution to the thermal expansion of the lattice, and the second, by the dynamic interaction between magnetic moments and crystal lattice vibrations.     

Magnetoelastic excitations in ferromagnets with cubic single-ion anisotropy

Magnetic and elastic properties of three-axial (S=2) ferromagnets with single-ion anisotropy have been discussed. The phase diagram in the plane (single-ion anisotropy, temperature) has been constructed and two tricritical points driven by the magnetoelastic interactions have been found. The dispersion of the magnetoelastic excitations in the low temperature has been considered. The special attention has been given to the systems with single-ion anisotropy constantK–8 where the softening of a magnetoelastic mode can be observed.     

Nonlinear interactions of acoustic modes in ferromagnets near magnetoacoustic resonance: Effective elastic constants

The magnetoelastic contribution ΔĈ ₍₃₎ to the effective third-order elastic constants Ĉ ₍₃₎ ^ef is determined; it describes the additional elastic anharmonicity induced by nonlinear spin-spin and spin-phonon interactions in ferromagnets. In the vicinity of magnetoacoustic resonance, this anharmonicity can be manifested in three-frequency elastic wave interactions, producing magnetoacoustic mode-frequency transformation effects. It is shown that these effects are magnified in resonance as the result of a huge increase (by several orders of magnitude) in the dynamic elastic constants ΔĈ ₍₃₎. Quantitative estimates are obtained for yttrium iron garnet. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 2080–2084 (November 1998)     

Simulation of spin reorientation in cubic ferromagnets with defects

Nucleation processes in spin-reorientation phase transitions in real magnets are studied theoretically. The magnetization distribution corresponding to zero-degree domain wall forms the basis of the model representation of nuclei of the new phase, which are pinned at detects. As a result of numerical implementation of the corresponding variational problem for a finite-thickness plate, stable states of such magnetic inhomogeneities are determined and it is shown that their structure and properties are mainly controlled by parameters of a defect and the Q factor of the sample. The dependences obtained in this way make it possible to describe the behavior of new-phase nuclei in the vicinity of the spin-reorientation phase transition, which is in qualitative agreement with experimental data.     

Domain wall dynamics in ferromagnets

The main results of studying the linear and nonlinear dynamics of a domain wall in ferromagnets are presented beginning with the first publications. The experimental data obtained on polycrystals, single crystals, and films differing in terms of their anisotropy, as well as on magnetic nanostructures, are compared with theoretical results obtained by various methods.     

Stabilization of the long-range magnetic ordering by dipolar and magnetoelastic interactions in two-dimensional ferromagnets

The possibility of the long-range magnetic order stabilization in two-dimensional ferromagnets with the account of dipolar and magnetoelastic interactions is investigated. The mechanisms of the magnetic order stabilization by both types of interactions are studied. The Curie temperature is estimated. The comparisons with experimental data are made. Received 22 June 2001 and Received in final form 17 January 2002     

Critical dynamics in isotropic ferromagnets

Modern high resolution inelastic neutron scattering methods make very long wavelength fluctuations accessible to dynamical investigation. The new results on Fe and EuO show that: (a) the $\text{q}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>5</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}$ power law is well borne out at T = T_c; (b) strong zero-wavenumber relaxation due to spin non-conserving forces can make the predicted hydrodynamic spin diffusion at T >T_c unobservable; (c) this zero-wavenumber relaxation is the only appreciable deviation from the $\text{z =}\text{5}\text{2}$ exchange scaling behaviour; (d) there is no evidence for the predicted cross-over to dipolar dynamics a finite q's.     

On the critical dynamics of ferromagnets

The dynamic scaling functions for ferromagnets above and below the critical temperature are determined using mode coupling theory. Below the critical temperature we study isotropic ferromagnets taking into account the exchange interaction only and give the first numerical solution of the resulting mode coupling equations. In the paramagnetic phase we examine how the critical dynamics is modified by the addition of the dipoledipole interaction. On the basis of this theory we are able to explain in a unifying fashion the results of different experimental methods; i.e.: neutron scattering, hyperfine interaction and electron-spin resonance. Predictions for new experiments are made.     

Nonlinear magnetoacoustic interactions in weak ferromagnets

The pinning and interaction of a single domain wall with normal magnetoelastic waves excited during its motion in a single-crystal yttrium orthoferrite plate, were discovered and investigated by a method based on the magneto-optical Faraday effect. The dependences of the bending wave amplitude and the spectra of shear waves, which can be excited by a moving domain wall, were calculated. The results obtained are interpreted with allowance for the interactions of excited oscillations in both the magnetic and elastic subsystems of the orthoferrite.     

Critical dynamics of dipolar ferromagnets

The dynamical scaling functions for ferromagnets with dipolar interactions are computed by mode coupling theory above the critical temperature T_c. On the basis of this theory we explain apparently conflicting features of neutron scattering experiments on EuO, EuS and Fe. The position of the crossover from isotropic to dipolar critical dynamics is determined and further experiments are proposed.     

Rotationally invariant theory of magnetoacoustic wave attenuation in cubic ferromagnets

Rotationally invariant theory is used to study the effect of magnetization relaxation on the spectrum of magnetoacoustic waves propagating in a cubic ferromagnet with an induced uniaxial anisotropy along the [011] direction. It is found that the inclusion of rotationally invariant terms leads to certain contributions to the propagation velocity and rate of attenuation of magnetoelastic waves, thus increasing the degree of anisotropy of these characteristics. Among different types of coupled waves, only quasi-sound modes exhibit a relaxation nature in the region of magnetic phase stability loss. The introduction of dissipation and rotational invariance affects the acoustic birefringence, while the latter gives rise to an additional term in the expression for the phase shift.     

The influence of magnetoelastic interaction on structural phase transitions in cubic ferromagnetics

In the framework of the Landau theory of phase transitions, the influence of the magnetoelastic interaction on structural transitions in cubic ferromagnetics with a positive first magnetic anisotropy constant is analyzed. It is shown that structural transitions are not accompanied by a reorientation of magnetization in this case. The phase diagrams of such ferromagnetics either contain a termination point of the structural transition or a critical point in which the first-order transition is replaced by a second-order one. Magnetoelastic interaction also leads to the appearance of an interval of the ferromagnetic parameters in which a coupled first-order structural-magnetic transition exists. The phase T?x diagram for Heusler Ni_2+x Mn_1?x Ga alloys is calculated, which is in good agreement with the experimental phase diagram of these alloys.