电弧炉制备的Sm2Fe17-xCrx化合物的结构与磁性

通过X射线衍射、磁测量等手段对电弧炉制备的不同热处理条件的Sm₂Fe_17-xCr_x（x=1—3）化合物的结构和磁性进行了研究.结果表明1050 ℃下退火5 d的Sm₂Fe_17-xCr_x（x=1—3）化合物具有菱方相的Th₂Zn₁₇型结构,同样温度下退 关键词： 2Fe_17-xCr_x化合物')" href="#">Sm₂Fe_17-xCr_x化合物 磁体积效应 居里温度 磁晶各向异性     

Er2AlFe16－xMnx化合物的磁性及反常热膨胀

通过X射线衍射及磁测量手段研究了Er₂AlFe_16-xMn_x(x=1，2，3，4，6，8)化合物的结构和磁性. 研究结果表明Er₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物具有六角相的Th₂Ni₁₇型结构. 采用X射线热膨胀测定法在103—654K的温度范围内测量了Er₂AlFe_16-xMn_x(x=1，2，3，4)化合物的热膨胀性质，发现这些化合物在低温下存在热膨胀反常现象，在居里点附近具有负膨胀性质. 对自发磁致伸缩的研究结果表明Er₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物中存在着较强的各向异性的自发磁致伸缩，低温下自旋重取向的出现使得化合物的自发体磁致伸缩有所增强. 磁测量结果表明Mn的替代导致Er₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物的居里温度及自发磁化强度急剧下降，并且使得化合物的磁晶各向异性发生显著改变. 关键词： 2AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物')" href="#">Er₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物 反常热膨胀 自发磁致伸缩     

Mn5Ge2.7M0.3 (M=Ga，Al，Sn) 化合物的磁性和磁熵变

研究了Mn₅Ge_2.7M_0.3(M=Ga，Al，Sn)化合物的磁性和磁熵变. x射线衍射实验表明，研究的化合物均呈六角Mn₅Si₃型结构. 三种原子对Ge原子的替代，使得平均Mn原子磁矩下降，但居里温度没有明显的变化. 由于磁矩的降低，导致磁熵变值的下降，在磁场变化为4.0×10⁶A·m^-1时，对应于M=Ga，Al和Sn的样品，最大磁熵变值ΔS^max_Ｍ分别为6.1，6.3和5.3J·kg^-1K^-1，但磁熵变峰值的半高宽ΔＴ_ＦＷＨＭ有所增加. 另外，Mn₅Ge_2.7M_0.3(M=Ga，Al，Sn)化合物在高于居里温度的Arrott曲线上出现了一个不连续点，即样品在一定温度下的顺磁磁化率在某一临界磁场下发生了突变，临界磁场与温度几乎呈正比关系.这可能是由于样品在加一定磁场时3d带的费米能级发生了变化，使得有效电子数的减少所致. 关键词： 居里温度 平均Mn原子磁矩 磁熵变 Arrott图     

一级磁结构相变材料Mn0.6Fe0.4NiSi0.5Ge0.5和Ni50Mn34Co2Sn14的磁热效应与磁场的线性相关性

磁熵变（△S_M）与磁场（μ₀H）的相关性已在很多二级相变材料中被研究并报道,但一级相变材料的磁热效应与磁场相关性还少有报道.本文在具有一级磁结构相变的Mn_0.6Fe_0.4NiSi_0.5Ge_0.5材料中研究发现△S_M与μ₀H存在线性相关性,并通过麦克斯韦关系式的数值分析详细讨论了这一线性相关性的来源.同时,进一步发现在低磁场时,△S_M近似正比于μ₀H的平方.该线性相关性同样在一级磁结构相变Ni₅₀Mn₃₄Co₂Sn₁₄材料中得到了印证.但由于一级磁弹相变LaFe_11.7Si_1.3材料相变温度具有更强的磁场依赖性,不具有△S_M的线性相关性,因此,本研究表明,当磁结构相变材料的相变温度具有弱磁场依赖性时,△S_M与μ₀H具有线性相关性.进而,在磁场未达到相变饱和磁场以下,利用△S_M与μ₀H的线性相关性可以有效推测更高磁场下的△S_M.     

熵调控的Gd2Co17金属间化合物的结构与室温磁性能

熵调控材料因其独特的设计理念和优于传统合金的性能而受到广泛关注.本文将熵调控的设计理念引入金属间化合物中,设计并通过真空电弧熔炼的方法制备了一系列熵调控的Gd₂Co₁₇金属间化合物,期望通过熵调控的方法来稳定其结构,改善其磁性能.应用热力学理论预言熵调控的Gd₂Co₁₇系列金属间化合物具有稳定的单相,其单相性被X射线衍射实验所证实.通过组态熵调控原子尺寸因素,获得了菱方和六方两种晶体结构.熵调控改善了Gd₂Co₁₇系列金属间化合物的室温磁性能,过渡族金属位的熵调控使磁各向异性发生由基面到易轴的转变,稀土位的熵调控有助于提高其矫顽力,所有熵调控样品室温时的饱和磁矩均比二元Gd₂Co₁₇显著提升,可能是稀土或过渡族金属子晶格磁矩无序取向削弱了金属间化合物中稀土的4f电子与过渡族金属的3d电子磁矩之间的反平行交换作用所导致.磁价模型研究表明:熵调控设计导致Gd₂Co₁₇系列金...     

Tb2AlFe16-xMnx化合物的结构、磁性及正电子湮没谱研究

通过X射线衍射、磁测量及正电子湮没谱等手段研究了Tb₂AlFe_16-xMn_x（x=1—8）化合物的结构和磁性.X射线衍射研究结果表明Tb₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物具有六角相的Th₂Ni₁₇型结构.室温下的正电子湮没实验研究表明,Mn对Fe的替代导致化合物中的铁磁相互作用减弱,并且化合物中存在着较强烈的磁弹耦合效应.磁测量研究结果表明,Mn的替代导致Tb₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物的居里温度及自发磁化强度急剧下降. 关键词： 2AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物')" href="#">Tb₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物 磁弹耦合效应 居里温度     

Mn替代对Dy2AlFe16－xMnx化合物的结构和磁性的影响

通过X射线衍射及磁测量手段研究了Dy₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化 合物的结构和磁性.研究结果表明Dy₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合 物具有六角相的Th₂Ni₁₇型结构.对x=1，2的样品采用X射线热膨胀 测定法在104—647K的温度范围内测量了其热膨胀性质，发现这些化合物在低温下存在热膨 胀反常现象，在居里点附近出现负膨胀性质.对自发磁致伸缩的研究结果表明Dy₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物中存在着较强的各向异性的自发磁致伸缩，随 着Mn含量的增加，其低温下的自发体磁致伸缩减弱.磁测量结果表明Mn的替代导致Dy_{2< /sub>AlFe16-xMnx化合物的居里温度及自发磁化强度急剧下降. 关键词： 2}AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物')" href="#">Dy₂AlFe_16-xMn_x化合物 反常热膨胀 自发磁致伸缩 自发磁化强度     

Ni47Mn32Ga21多晶合金的磁熵变和磁感生应变

对定向凝固方法制备的Ni₄₇Mn₃₂Ga₂₁多晶合金,通过扫描电镜、金相、电子能谱等手段研究其组份和组织形貌,通过对合金磁化强度与温度关系、等温磁化曲线及磁感生应变曲线等的测量分析,研究了合金结构相变和磁相变过程中的磁熵变及不同压力下的磁感生应变. 研究结果表明:合金组份与设计组份基本一致,室温下合金大部分为马氏体相. 升温过程中合金的磁熵变在居里温度(365 K)附近有最大值,并有较大的磁熵变峰值半高宽,747 kA/m的磁场下该磁熵变最大值为-1.45 J/kg ·K,磁熵变峰值的半高宽为21 K. 合金在室温(298 K)下有较好的双向可恢复磁感生应变,480 kA/m磁场下,无压力时合金的磁感生应变值达到-670×10^-6,并趋饱和;而在与磁场方向平行的27.3 MPa外压力作用下合金的磁感生应变值增大到-1300×10^-6,且未饱和. 关键词： Ni-Mn-Ga 铁磁形状记忆合金 磁熵变 磁感生应变     

R2Fe17-xAlx化合物中R-T交换耦合常量的计算

讨论了利用分子场近似结合中子衍射或X射线衍射的实验结果计算R₂Fe₁₇型稀土过渡族化合物中稀土磁矩与过渡族磁矩之间交换耦合常量的方法,并据此计算了R₂Fe_17-xAl_x(R=Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Gd,x=7或8)化合物中稀土磁矩与过渡族磁矩之间的交换耦合常量.计算结果与实验值符合较好. 关键词： 2Fe_17-xAl_x化合物')" href="#">R₂Fe_17-xAl_x化合物 交换耦合常量     

Mn替代对Dy2AlFe16-xMnx化合物的结构和磁性的影响

通过X射线衍射及磁测量手段研究了Dy2AlFe16-xMnx化合物的结构和磁性.研究结果表明Dy2AlFe16-xMnx化合物具有六角相的Th2Ni17型结构.对x=1,2的样品采用X射线热膨胀测定法在104-647K的温度范围内测量了其热膨胀性质,发现这些化合物在低温下存在热膨胀反常现象,在居里点附近出现负膨胀性质.对自发磁致伸缩的研究结果表明Dy2AlFe16-xMnx化合物中存在着较强的各向异性的自发磁致伸缩,随着Mn含量的增加,其低温下的自发体磁致伸缩减弱.磁测量结果表明Mn的替代导致Dy2AlFe16-xMnx化合物的居里温度及自发磁化强度急剧下降.     

Effects of Fe－Fe bond length change in NaZn13-type intermetallic compounds on magnetic properties and magnetic entropy change

In this paper the effects of Fe－Fe bond length change on magnetic properties and magnetic entropy change have been investigated on LaFe_{12.4-x}Si_xCo_{0.6} and LaFe_{12.3-x}Al_xCo_{0.7} intermetallic compounds. According to the analyses of Fe－Fe bond length change, the variation of Curie temperature and the unusual magnetic phase transition which results in the large magnetic entropy change were explained. The effects of the substitution of Co and Si for Fe on magnetic entropy change and field-induced itinerant-electron metamagnetic transition in LaFe_{12.4-x}Si_xCo_{0.6} compounds were also studied and the considerable magnetic entropy change has been achieved.     

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects in NaZn13-type La（Fe, Al）13-based compounds

In this article,our recent progress concerning the effects of atomic substitution,magnetic field,and temperature on the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the LaFe13-xAlx compounds are reviewed.With an increase of the aluminum content,the compounds exhibit successively an antiferromagnetic(AFM) state,a ferromagnetic(FM) state,and a mictomagnetic state.Furthermore,the AFM coupling of LaFe 13-xAlx can be converted to an FM one by substituting Si for Al,Co for Fe,and magnetic rare-earth R for La,or introducing interstitial C or H atoms.However,low doping levels lead to FM clusters embedded in an AFM matrix,and the resultant compounds can undergo,under appropriate applied fields,first an AFM-FM and then an FM-AFM phase transition while heated,with significant magnetic relaxation in the vicinity of the transition temperature.The Curie temperature of LaFe13-xAlx can be shifted to room temperature by choosing appropriate contents of Co,C,or H,and a strong magnetocaloric effect can be obtained around the transition temperature.For example,for the LaFe 11.5Al1.5C0.2H1.0 compound,the maximal entropy change reaches 13.8 J·kg-1 ·K-1 for a field change of 0-5 T,occurring around room temperature.It is 42% higher than that of Gd,and therefore,this compound is a promising room-temperature magnetic refrigerant.     

基于伊辛模型的Fe_(0.5)Mn_(0.1)Al_(0.4)合金磁化强度和磁熵变蒙特卡洛模拟

基于伊辛模型的单自旋反转蒙特卡洛算法,考虑了粒子间的最近邻以及次近邻相互作用,研究了无序Fe0.5Mn0.1Al0.4合金的磁化强度和磁熵变.首先,强调了粒子间的次近邻相关作用对体系的磁性和热力学性质的影响,明确了次近邻相互作用系数,证实了低温合金阻挫的存在;其次,研究了在相变温度处(不同磁场下)磁化强度随外加磁场(温度)的变化情况以及磁性粒子对磁化强度的贡献,发现反铁磁性粒子Mn在低温区对Fe0.5Mn0.1Al0.4合金的相变起了主要作用,而高温区体系的相变是由铁磁性粒子Fe贡献的;最后,分析了体系在相变温度处磁熵变数值随外加磁场的变化情况以及磁熵变在不同的外磁场下随温度的变化情况,当外加磁场H=0.14(a.u.)时,Mn粒子在冻结温度处的平均磁化强度为零,体系处于最无序的状态,对应的磁熵变ΔS(0.1,0.14)达到了正向最大值,极值的位置对应于体系的相变温度.     

基于伊辛模型的Fe0.5Mn0.1Al0.4 合金磁化强度和磁熵变蒙特卡洛模拟

基于伊辛模型的单自旋反转蒙特卡洛算法,考虑了粒子间的最近邻以及次近邻相互作用,研究了无序 合金的磁化强度和磁熵变。首先,强调了粒子间的次近邻相关作用对体系的磁性和热力学性质的影响,明确了次近邻相互作用系数,证实了低温合金阻挫的存在;其次,研究了在相变温度处(不同磁场下)磁化强度随外加磁场（温度）的变化情况以及磁性粒子对磁化强度的贡献,发现反铁磁性粒子Mn在低温区对 合金的相变起了主要作用,而高温区体系的相变是由铁磁性粒子Fe贡献的;最后,分析了体系在相变温度处磁熵变数值随外加磁场的变化情况以及磁熵变在不同的外磁场下随温度的变化情况,当外加磁场h=0.14时,Mn粒子在冻结温度处的平均磁化强度为零,体系处于最无序的状态,对应的磁熵变 达到了正向最大值,极值的位置对应于体系的相变温度。     

Temperature dependent energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction and magnetic study of Fe/Al interface

In situ temperature dependent energy-dispersive structural and magnetic study of electron beam evaporated Fe/Al multilayer sample (MLS) has been investigated. The structural studies show the formation of an intermixed FeAl transition layer of a few nanometers thick at the interface during deposition, which on annealing at 300 °C transforms to B2FeAl intermetallic phase. Magnetization decreases with increase in temperature and drops to minimum above 300 °C due to increase in anti-ferromagnetic interlayer coupling and formation of nonmagnetic FeAl phase at the interface. The Curie temperature (T_c) is found to be 288 °C and is much less than that of bulk bcc Fe.     

Large magnetic entropy change and magnetic properties in La （Fel－xMnx）ll.TSil.3Hy compounds

Magnetic properties and magnetic entropy change in La(Fe_{1-x}Mn_x)_{11.7}Si_{1.3}H_y compounds have been investigated. A significant increase of the Curie temperature T_C and a small increase of the saturation magnetizations μ_S have been observed after the introduction of interstitial H, which caused a slight volume expansion. The first-order field-induced itinerant-electron metamagnetic (IEM) transition remains and brings about a large magnetic entropy change around room temperatures for the compounds. The maximal magnetic entropy change is about 23.4, 17.7 and 15.9J/kg·K under a magnetic field change from 0 to 5T for x=0.01, 0.02 and 0.03, respectively. Therefore, the compounds appear to be potential candidates for magnetic refrigerants around room temperatures.     

Large magnetic entropy change near room temperature in the LaFe11.5Si1.5H1.3 interstitial compound

The LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.3 interstitial compound has been prepared. Its Curie temperature T_C (288 K) has been adjusted to around room temperature, and the maximal magnetic entropy change (|ΔS|～17.0 J·kg^-1·K^-1 at T_C) is larger than that of Gd (|ΔS|～9.8 J·kg^-1·K^-1 at T_C=293 K) by ～73.5% under a magnetic change from 0 to 5 T. The origin of the large magnetic entropy change is attributed to the first-order field-induced itinerant-electron metamagnetic transition. Moreover, the magnetic hysteresis of LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.3 under the increase and decrease of the field is very small, which is favourable to magnetic refrigeration application. The present study suggests that the LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.3 compound is a promising candidate as a room-temperature magnetic refrigerant.     

Double magnetic entropy change peaks and high refrigerant capacity in Gd1-xHoxNi compounds in the melt-spun form

Gd_1-xHo_xNi melt-spun ribbons were fabricated by a single-roller melt spinning method. All the compounds crystallize in an orthorhombic CrB-type structure. The Curie temperature (T_C) was tuned between 46 and 99 K by varying the concentration of Gd and Ho. A spin reorientation (SRO) transition is observed around 13 K. Different from T_C, the SRO transition temperature is almost invariable for all compounds. Two peaks of magnetic entropy change (ΔS_M) were found. One at the higher temperature range was originated from the paramagnet-ferromagnet phase transition and the other at the lower temperature range was caused by the SRO transition. The maximum of ΔS_M around T_C is almost same. The other maximum of ΔS_M around SRO transition, however, had significantly positive relationship with x. It reached a maximum about 8.2 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ for x = 0.8. Thus double large ΔS_M peaks were obtained in Gd_1-xHo_xNi melt-spun ribbons with the high Ho concentration. And the refrigerant capacity power reached a maximum of 622 J kg⁻¹ for x = 0.6. Gd_1-xHo_xNi ribbons could be good candidate for magnetic refrigerant working in the low temperature especially near the liquid nitrogen temperature range.     

静电纺丝法制备Bi2Fe4O9及其磁学性能的研究

采用静电纺丝法合成了纤维状的Bi₂Fe₄O₉前驱体,再对前驱体进行热处理得到了棒状的Bi₂Fe₄O₉.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜及透射电子显微镜表征了合成样品的物相及形貌特征.结果表明合成的样品为Bi₂Fe₄O₉单相,属于正交晶系;退火处理导致纤维状的前驱体转变为棒状的Bi₂Fe₄O₉.紫外-可见吸收光谱表明制备的Bi₂Fe₄O₉对光的吸收范围广,不仅对紫外光具有较强吸收,而且对可见光也有一定的吸收.通过振动样品磁强计测定Bi₂Fe₄O₉磁滞回线研究其磁学特性,相应的矫顽力H_C≈82 Oe（1 Oe=79.5775 A/m）,剥离顺磁信号后的剩磁M_r≈0.25 emu/g,研究发现Bi₂Fe₄O₉样品具有弱铁磁性,并且软磁性能有所提高.     

Investigation of Fe/Al interface as a function of annealing temperature using XPS

This article describes the systemic investigation of the interface chemical and electronic properties of ultrathin Fe/Al multilayer structure (MLS) as a function of annealing temperature. For this purpose electron beam evaporated [Fe/Al]_×15 ML samples have been prepared under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The chemical and electronic information of the interfaces at different depth has been obtained from XPS technique.The core level study show a gradual change in the nature of the electronic bonding at the interface as a result of annealing. In particular, the MLS annealed at 200 °C and 400 °C clearly show shifts in the binding energy position of Fe-2p_3/2 core line towards higher energy and Al-2p_3/2 core line towards lower energy side as compared to as-deposited sample, suggesting the formation of FeAl alloy phase at the interface. Another important finding with annealing is that the intensity of peak corresponding to pure Al-2p increases and that of Fe-2p decreases as compared to as-deposited case. The increase in intensity of Al-2p core line suggests the migration of Al atoms towards the surface owing to annealing induced inter-diffusion. The corresponding valence band spectra show appreciable changes in the Fe-3d as well as Al-3s density of states due to strong hybridization of sp-d states at the Fermi level as a result of charge transfer and also provide strong evidence for FeAl alloy formation.