Relationship between the reducibility and selectivity of CeMoxV1-xO4 catalysts by kinetic parameters of TPR

CeVO4, CeMo0.01V0.99O4 and CeMo0.03V0.97O4 were prepared by co-precipitation method. The addition of molybdenum as promoter shows a positive effect on the catalytic behavior of CeVO4 in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. The reduction behaviors of the catalysts were characterized by temperature-programmed reduction. The activation energies of reduction process for the catalysts were obtained at different reduction rates by Kissinger method. The addition of Mo to CeVO4 enhances the selectivity to propylene.     

ZIF-9（Co）衍生物磷化钴复合CeVO4协同高效产氢性能（英文）

众所周知,太阳能是一种清洁,可持续的能源.如何更有效地利用太阳能来解决人类面临的能源和环境问题已成为近几十年来科研工作者们的研究热点.半导体光催化技术被认为是人工光合作用的主要发现.光催化技术是解决日益严重的能源短缺和环境污染问题的有效途径,越来越受到人们的关注.氢作为理想的清洁能源,具有燃烧价值高,无污染的优点.光催化制氢技术的应用是最具发展性的制氢方法之一.因此,有效光催化剂的设计和开发显得十分重要.由于光催化析氢反应(HER)主要是半反应,因此必须引入牺牲试剂.同时,光敏剂的存在加速了光催化剂对光的吸收.在这种情况下研究光催化材料的结构和性质之间的关系至关重要,它能指导人们开发低成本,高稳定性,高活性的析氢光催化剂.本文首次成功地合成了以ZIF-9(Co-MOFs)作为前驱体的CoP纳米粒子,并通过简单的化学沉淀法制备了CeVO4光催化剂.深入研究了CoP,CeVO4及其复合催化剂的光催化制氢性能.发现CoP/CeVO4复合催化剂在染料敏化条件下表现出优异的光催化活性.当CoP和CeVO4结合质量比为1:1时,所得样品V1C1的复合光催化活性对于析氢最佳,在5 h内氢产生量达到444.6μmol.由于CeVO4和CoP偶联是一步完成.CeVO4牢固地粘附在CoP颗粒的表面上,形成“小点”到“大点”异质结.XRD,XPS,SEM,EDX和TEM的结果显示,CoP和CeVO4纳米颗粒的形成和复合物的结构.基于对Mott-Schottky曲线,UV-vis漫射光谱,光电流-时间曲线,Tafel曲线,奈奎斯特曲线,线性伏安曲线和稳态/瞬态荧光测量结果表明,CoP/CeVO4高效析氢的原因是CoP和CeVO4复合后存在肖特基势垒,导致能带发生弯曲,并且CoP与CeVO4之间异质结所形成的内建电场能加速电荷转移.此外,CoP和CeVO4之间独特的协同效应为彼此提供了新的析氢活性中心.提高了载流子分离效率,降低了光生载流子复合率.因此,CoP/CeVO4复合催化剂具有优异的光催化析氢活性.本文为过渡金属磷化物光催化剂的电子结构和载流子行为的调控提供了新的策略.     

Nanocrystals of CeVO4 doped by metallic heteroions

CeVO(4) nanocrystals doped by heteroions were prepared via a hydrothermal method without the presence of surfactants or templates. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid state (51)V NMR, and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) were used to characterize the morphology, structure, and compositions of the materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results confirmed that there is a valence change from Ce(3+) to Ce(4+) for a fraction of cerium atoms whereas the vanadium atoms remain in the pentavalent state V(5+) upon the substitution of Ca(2+) into CeVO(4). Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor the effects of the doping ion on the CeVO(4) lattice contraction and distortion. The appearance of the shifted and broadened Raman peaks for the doped CeVO(4) was interpreted by theoretical calculations performed with Vienna ab initio simulation package. The redox properties and photocatalytic activities of the obtained nanocrystals were also investigated and discussed in detail.     

Role of substrate wettability in the "bubble deposition method" applied to the CeVO4 nanowire films

Homogeneous two-dimensional structures of CeVO(4) nanowires (NWs) deposited on silicon substrates are obtained by means of the bubble deposition method (BDM). Surface wettability (i.e., surface energy) and film ripening (i.e., film thickness) are two major parameters in nanoparticle confinement and deposition. As the presence of surfactant could be detrimental to applications, a washing treatment is developed without CeVO(4) chemical changes or NW film modifications. Careful investigations of the film topography are carried out by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to check the chemical composition of the film at different stages. Finally, samples made by BDM are compared to those made by dip-coating method, demonstrating the higher efficiency of the BDM in providing large areas of well-organized and dense CeVO(4) monolayer.     

V_2O_5/CeO_2催化剂上甲醇氧化一步法合成二甲氧基甲烷

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了V2O5/CeO2催化剂,并用于甲醇氧化一步法合成二甲氧基甲烷(DMM)反应中.考察了V2O5含量对钒氧化物的存在状态、催化剂表面酸性、氧化-还原性及其催化甲醇氧化反应性能的影响.结果表明,V2O5含量为15%时钒氧化物呈单层分散,小于15%时以孤立或聚合态存在,大于20%时出现V2O5晶体,达到30%时出现CeVO4.当V2O5含量为15%时,较高的钒氧化物分散度使催化剂具有较强的氧化还原能力和较多的酸性中心,从而使催化剂具有较高的活性和DMM选择性.     

V2O5-CeO2/TiO2催化剂上低温氨选择性催化还原NO的性能

考察了V2O5-CeO2/TiO2催化剂中V、Ce活性组分的担载量和焙烧温度对催化剂低温催化还原NO活性的影响及其在单独SO2、H2O和两者共存气氛下的抗毒化性能。结果表明,焙烧温度400℃下制备的5V30Ce/TiO2催化剂具有良好的低温催化还原NO活性,空速为10000h-1,165℃时NO转化率达99.2%;500℃以下低焙烧温度时,添加的Ce不与V相互作用,在催化剂表面主要以CeO2形式存在,有利于增大催化剂比表面积,增强V2O5在催化剂上的分散度,提高催化活性。而在500℃以上较高焙烧温度下,Ce与V会形成CeVO4,对活性提高不利。催化剂具有良好的低温抗水中毒性能,但受SO2毒化作用明显,其在SO2、H2O共存气氛下中毒程度较单独SO2下浅。     

Structural characterization and oxidative dehydrogenation activity of V2O5/Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 catalysts

The thermal stability of a nanosized Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2 solid solution on a silica surface and the dispersion behavior of V2O5 over Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 have been investigated using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, HREM, and BET surface area techniques. Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene was performed as a test reaction to assess the usefulness of the VOx/Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 catalyst. Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 (1:1:2 mol ratio based on oxides) was synthesized through a soft-chemical route from ultrahigh dilute solutions by adopting a deposition coprecipitation technique. A theoretical monolayer equivalent to 10 wt % V2O5 was impregnated over the calcined Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 sample (773 K) by an aqueous wet impregnation technique. The prepared V2O5/Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 sample was subjected to thermal treatments from 773 to 1073 K. The XRD measurements indicate the presence of cubic Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 in the case of Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2, while cubic Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 and tetragonal Ce0.16Zr0.84O2 in the case of V2O5/Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 when calcined at various temperatures. Dispersed vanadium oxide induces more incorporation of zirconium into the ceria lattice, thereby decreasing its lattice size and also accelerating the crystallization of Ce-Zr-O solid solutions at higher calcination temperatures. Further, it interacts selectively with the ceria portion of the composite oxide to form CeVO4. The RS measurements provide good evidence about the dispersed form of vanadium oxide and the CeVO4 compound. The HREM studies show the presence of small Ce-Zr-oxide particles of approximately 5 nm size over the surface of amorphous silica and corroborate with the results obtained from other techniques. The catalytic activity studies reveal the ability of vanadium oxide supported on Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2/SiO2 to efficiently catalyze the ODH of ethylbenzene at normal atmospheric pressure. The remarkable ability of Ce(x)Zr(1-x)O2 to prevent the deactivation of supported vanadium oxide leading to stable activity in the time-on-stream experiments and high selectivity to styrene are other important observations.     

Structural characterization of CeO(2)-ZrO(2)/TiO(2) and V(2)O(5)/CeO(2)-ZrO(2)/TiO(2) mixed oxide catalysts by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, HREM, and other techniques

Structural characteristics of CeO(2)-ZrO(2)/TiO(2) (CZ/T) and V(2)O(5)/CeO(2)-ZrO(2)/TiO(2) (V/CZ/T) mixed oxide catalysts have been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area, Raman spectroscopy (RS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) techniques. The CeO(2)-ZrO(2) (1:1 mole ratio) solid solution was deposited over a finely powdered TiO(2) support by a deposition precipitation method. A nominal 5 wt % V(2)O(5) was impregnated over the calcined (773 K) CZ/T mixed oxide carrier by a wet impregnation technique. The obtained CZ/T and V/CZ/T samples were further subjected to thermal treatments from 773 to 1073 K to understand the dispersion and temperature stability of these materials. In the case of CZ/T samples, the XRD results suggest the formation of different cubic and tetragonal Ce-Zr-oxide phases, Ce(0.75)Zr(0.25)O(2), Ce(0.6)Zr(0.4)O(2), Ce(0.5)Zr(0.5)O(2), and Ce(0.16)Zr(0.84)O(2) in varying proportions depending on the treatment temperature. With increasing calcination temperature from 773 to 1073 K, the intensity of the lines pertaining to cubic Ce(0.6)Zr(0.4)O(2) and Ce(0.5)Zr(0.5)O(2) phases increased at the expense of cubic Ce(0.75)Zr(0.25)O(2), indicating more incorporation of zirconia into the ceria lattice. The TiO(2) was mainly in the anatase form whose crystallite size also increased with increasing treatment temperature. A better crystallization and more incorporation of zirconia into the ceria lattice was noted when CZ/T was impregnated with V(2)O(5). However, no crystalline V(2)O(5) could be seen from both XRD and RS measurements. In particular, a preferential formation of CeVO(4) compound and an intense tetragonal Ce(0.16)Zr(0.84)O(2) phase were noted beyond 873 K. The HREM results indicate, in the case of CZ/T samples, a well-dispersed Ce-Zr-oxide of the size approximately 5 nm over the bigger crystals ( approximately 40 nm) of TiO(2) when treated at 873 K. The exact structural features of these crystals as determined by digital diffraction analysis of experimental images reveal that the Ce-Zr-oxides are mainly in the cubic fluorite geometry and the TiO(2) is in anatase form. A better crystallization of Ce-Zr-oxides ( approximately 8 nm) over the surface of bigger crystals of TiO(2) was noted at 1073 K. A further enhancement in the crystallite size and zirconia-rich tetragonal phase was noted in the case of V/CZ/T samples. Further, the structure of CeVO(4) formed was also clearly identified in conformity with XRD and RS results.     

Influence of ceria modification on the properties of TiO2-ZrO2 supported V2O5 catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3

TiO(2)-ZrO(2) (hereafter denoted as Ti-Zr) supported V(2)O(5) catalysts with different loadings of CeO(2) were synthesized, and their physicochemical properties were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (in situ FT-IR) and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). Their catalytic activities toward the NO(x) reduction reaction with NH(3) were tested. We found that with the addition of CeO(2), more NO was removed in a wide temperature range of 220-500 °C. As the CeO(2) content was increased from 10% to 20% (i.e., the molar ratio of Ce to Ti-Zr), NO conversion increased significantly; after that, increasing CeO(2) content, however, decreased NO conversion. In particular, the addition of CeO(2) to V(2)O(5)/Ti-Zr suppressed the coke deposition and rendered a stable and high catalytic activity. The characterization results indicated that: (1) the deposited vanadium and cerium oxides were highly dispersed over the Ti-Zr support, and in addition to ZrV(2)O(7), a common binary compound observed in V(2)O(5)/Ti-Zr, CeVO(4) and Ce(3)ZrO(8) was formed upon increasing CeO(2) content; (2) the introduction of CeO(2) to V(2)O(5)/Ti-Zr sample promoted the redox ability of the resulting catalysts; and (3) the Ce-containing catalysts possessed the greater amount of surface acidic and active intermediate.     

Eight-vertex tetrametallic structures derived from cubanes: a close relationship between bisdisphenoidal metallaborane and organometallic clusters

The metallaborane Cp4Co4B4H4 and the organometallic cluster Cp4Fe4C4H4 (Cp = eta5-cyclopentadienyl) not only are isoelectronic but also exhibit completely analogous eight-vertex bisdisphenoidal structures. Such structures, as well as the tetracapped tetrahedral structure of the Cp4Fe4(mu3-CO)4 precursor to Cp4Fe4C4H4, can be derived from a cube by insertion of diagonals in each of the six faces. Furthermore, the formation of Cp4Fe4C4H4 from Cp4Fe4(mu3-CO)4 can be described as a double diamond-square-diamond process preserving D2d symmetry throughout the process.     

Synthesis and α‐glucosidase inhibitory,DPPH scavenging activity of substituted 2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐7‐yl‐dihydrogen phosphate derivatives

Series of phosphorylated coumarin derivatives ( 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j ) were synthesized by Pechmann condensation, phosphorylation, and debenzylation reactions in very good yields. Thus, synthesized compounds ( 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j ) were evaluated for their α‐glucosidase and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities; few compounds showed moderate to good activity. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 00 , 00 (2011).     

Generation and collision-induced dissociation of ammonium tetrafluoroborate cluster ions

Singly and doubly charged cluster ions of ammonium tetrafluoroborate (NH4BF4) with general formula [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ and [(NH4BF4)m(NH4)2]2+, respectively, were generated by electrospray ionization (ESI) and their fragmentation examined using collision-induced dissociation (CID) and ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. CID of [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ caused the loss of one or more neutral NH4BF4 units. The n = 2 cluster, [(NH4BF4)2NH4]+, was unique in that it also exhibited a dissociation pathway in which HBF4 was eliminated to create [(NH4BF4)(NH3)NH4]+. Dissociation of [(NH4BF4)m(NH4)2]2+ occurred through two general pathways: (a) 'fission' to produce singly charged cluster ions and (b) elimination of one or more neutral NH4BF4 units to leave doubly charged product ions. CID profiles, and measurements of changing precursor and product ion signal intensity as a function of applied collision voltage, were collected for [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ and compared with those for analogous [(NaBF4)nNa]+ and [(KBF4)nK]+ ions to determine the influence of the cation on the relative stability of cluster ions. In general, the [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ clusters were found to be easier to dissociate than both the sodium and potassium clusters of comparable size, with [(KBF4)nK]+ ions the most difficult to dissociate.     

5-取代苯氨基-6-苯基-1,2,4-三嗪-3-酮的合成

苯甲铣基-N-取代茜基硫代甲酰胺与氨基脲缩合后,环化可何成4,6-二取代-5-硫酮-1,2,4-三嗪-3-酮.本文报道将其缩氨基脲中硫甲基化,然后在碱性条件下, 改变成环方式,合成九个5-取代苯氨基-6-苯基-1,1,4-三嗪1-3-酮.它们的结构经元素分析,红外,核磁,质谱等予以证实.探讨了两种不同成环原因.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SIDE CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTATALLINE POLYSILOXANES CONTAINING BENZYL ETHER LINKING UNITS

Side chain liquid crystalline polysiloxanes containing benzyl ether linkingunits were synthesized by the hydrosilylation of poly (methylhydrosiloxane) with a series of4-(4-alkoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl monomers [4-(4-methoxybenzyloxy )-4'-allyloxy-biphenyl(M_1), 4-(4-ethoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_2), 4-(4-propoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_3), 4-(4-butoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allylox(M_4), 4-(4-pentoxy-benzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_5), 4-benzyloxy-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_6)]. The phasebehavior of monomeric and polymeric liquid crystals was characterized by differential scan-ning calorimetry and optical polarization microscopy where the groups are ranged frommethoxy to pentoxy Both the monomeric and polymeric liquid crystals exhibit 1iquidcrystal behaviors.     

Theoretical study on tetranuclear boron clusters: B4X4 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I)

The molecular orbitals for B4H4, B4F4, B4Cl4, B4Br4 and B4I4 have been calculated by using all-electron or effective core potential ab initio method at the self-consistent field level using basis sets with diffuse and polarization functions. The boron-boron and boron-halide (-hydrogen) distances of these cage compounds are optimized with three kinds of basis sets constrained to a tetrahedral symmetry. According to the localization scheme of Boys, four three-centered two-electron (3c2e) B-B-B bonds localized on each of the faces of the B4 tetrahedron are derived for B4X4 clusters. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, atomization energies and Mulliken overlap populations of these compounds indicate that the stabilities of the clusters decrease in the sequence of B4F4 > B4Cl4, B4H4 > B4Br4 > B4I4.     

One‐Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Novel Substituted Imidazo[1,2‐a]Pyridine Incorporated Thiazolyl Coumarins and their Antimicrobial Activity

A series of novel substituted imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine incorporated thiazolyl coumarin derivatives ( 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j , 4k , 4l , 4m , 4n , 4o , 4p , 4q , 4r , 4s , 4t ) were synthesized in good yields via one‐pot multicomponent condensation of substituted imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine‐3‐carbaldehyde ( 3a , 3b , 3c , 3d , 3e ), thiosemicarbazide ( 2 ), and substituted 3‐(2‐bromoacetyl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐ones ( 1a , 1b , 1c , 1d )/2‐(2‐bromoacetyl)‐3H‐benzo[f]chromen‐3‐one ( 1e ) in refluxing ethanol with catalytic amount of acetic acid. All the synthesized compounds ( 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j , 4k , 4l , 4m , 4n , 4o , 4p , 4q , 4r , 4s , 4t ) have been characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectral studies as well as elemental analyses and evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against different bacterial and fungal strains. All the compounds displayed moderate antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration 150 µg/mL, but none of the compounds have shown any antifungal activity.     

Synthesis and Biological Activity of 4‐[(Substituted Phenoxyacetoxy)methyl]‐2,6,7‐trioxa‐1‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐1‐one

A series of novel 4‐[(substituted phenoxyacetoxy)methyl]‐2,6,7‐trioxa‐1‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐1‐one 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j , 4k , 4l , 4m , 4n , 4o were synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ¹H NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. The results of preliminary bioassays show that some of the title compounds exhibit moderate to good herbicidal and fungicidal activities. For example, the title compounds 4b , 4c , 4f , 4h , 4i , and 4j possess 90–100% inhibition against the growth of roots of both rape and barnyard grass at 10 mg/L. Moreover, the title compounds 4f , 4g , and 4h possess 75–89% inhibition against Botrytis cinerea at the concentration of 50 mg/L.     

NiTi过渡金属团簇的结构和芳香性的理论研究

在B3PW91/6-311+G(d)计算水平上, 计算并讨论了Ni₄Ti₂, [Ni₄Ti₂]²⁺, [Ni₄Ti₂]^2-与Ni₄Ti₄, [Ni₄Ti₄]²⁺, [Ni₄Ti₄]^2-团簇的几何结构和芳香性. 在构型优化过程中得到了Ni₄Ti₂(D_4h), [Ni₄Ti₂]²⁺(D_4h), [Ni₄Ti₂]^2-(D_4h)和Ni₄Ti₄(D_2h)4个稳定构型, 发现当引入上下2个Ti原子后, Ni₄环成为了平面正方形构型. 核无关化学位移(NICS)计算结果表明, Ni₄Ti₂(D_4h)与Ni₄Ti₄(D_2h)的NICS值为正, 而[Ni₄Ti₂]²⁺(D_4h)和[Ni₄Ti₂]^2-(D_4h)的NICS值为负, 且[Ni₄Ti₂]^2-(D_4h)的NICS值更负. 同时还发现, 由s与d轨道参与形成的反磁性环流是引起[Ni₄Ti₂]²⁺(D_4h)和[Ni₄Ti₂]^2-(D_4h)具有较大芳香性的主要原因; 其中Ti原子主要提供d_z²与s轨道, 而Ni原子主要利用其d_z²与d_x²-y²轨道形成正方形环, 它们之间构成了球状的d轨道环流, 且[Ni₄Ti₂]²⁺(D_4h)和[Ni₄Ti₂]^2-(D_4h)中还有非常明显的π轨道环流.     

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 4‐(10H‐Phenothiazin‐2‐yl)‐pyrimidin‐2(1H)‐one/thione Derivatives

A series of chalcones 3a , 3b , 3c , 3d containing phenothiazine nucleus were prepared by Claisen–Schmidt condensation. The chalcones on treatment with urea, thiourea, phenyl urea, and phenyl thiourea in alcoholic KOH yielded compounds 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j , 4k , 4l , 4m , 4n , 4o , 4p , and the structures of these compounds were confirmed by spectral and elemental analyses. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity.     

Self-assembly and redox modulation of the cavity size of an unusual rectangular iron thiolate aryldiisocyanide metallocyclophane

The decarbonylation reaction of ferric carbonyl dicationic [Cp(2)Fe(2)(μ-SEt)(2)(CO)(2)](BF(4))(2) [1(BF(4))(2)] carried out in refluxing acetonitrile affords a binuclear iron-sulfur core complex [Cp(2)Fe(2)(μ-SEt)(2)(CH(3)CN)(2)](BF(4))(2) [2(BF(4))(2)] containing two acetonitrile coordinated ligands. The treatment of 2(BF(4))(2) with 2 equiv of the 1,4-diisocyanobenzene (1,4-CNC(6)H(4)NC) results in the formation of the diisocyanide complex [Cp(2)Fe(2)(μ-SEt)(2)(1,4-CNC(6)H(4)NC)(2)](BF(4))(2) [3(BF(4))(2)]. The rectangular tetranuclear iron thiolate aryldiisocyanide metallocyclophane complex [Cp(4)Fe(4)(μ-SEt)(4)(μ-1,4-CNC(6)H(4)NC)(2)](BF(4))(4) [4(BF(4))(4)] has been synthesized by a self-assembly reaction between equimolar amounts of 2(BF(4))(2) and 1,4-diisocyanobenzene or by a stepwise route involving mixing of a 1:1 molar ratio of complexes 2(BF(4))(2) and 3(BF(4))(2). Chemical reduction of 4(BF(4))(4) by KC(8) was observed to produce the reduction product 4(BF(4))(2). The spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of the iron-sulfur core complexes 1(PF(6))(2), 3(BF(4))(2), 4(BF(4))(4), and 4(BF(4))(2) were determined. Finally, differences between the redox control cavities of rectangular tetranuclear iron thiolate aryldiisocyanide complexes are revealed by a comparison of the X-ray crystallographically determined structures of complexes 4(BF(4))(4) and 4(BF(4))(2).