光弹性贴片载波法

本文提出了一种提高测量灵敏度的光弹性贴片法。通过高频条纹调制获取载波条纹图。使贴片的等差效应所反映的力学信息规范化。运用计算机图象处理技术,对载波图自动采集、处理和解调,以获得全场条纹级数。编制了专用软件并以实例说明实验过程。     

高速动态图像的采集技术

本文介绍一种新的高速动态图像的采集技术,它采用红宝石双脉冲激光器作光源,利用普通的图像处理设备,对受冲击载荷作用下的模型,在应力波传播过程中,可采集到光脉冲宽度在30～50毫微秒内的动态图像.本文详细介绍了该采集系统的采图原理以及对模型加载、双脉冲激光器的触发、延时和采图之间的时序和同步关系,并给出了模型受冲击载荷后,延时为30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100μs 时的光弹性等差线条纹图的快速采集实例.     

剪切散斑中新的相移技术及其在泵体上的应用研究

本文实现了一种新的剪切散斑干涉技术的载波方法.其特点是通过移动剪切棱镜,而产生载波条纹来调制变形条纹.然后,利用傅立叶变换法解调出变形条纹,获得全场位相图.本文介绍了这种载波相移技术的原理,并且对该载波技术的原理进行了推导.最后将该方法运用到舰用主泵体的离面位移导数(应变)测量上.     

光载波在散斑法全全场分析中的应用

本文提出利用变形物体的刚体位移作为散斑法全场分析的光载波,使难以消除的刚体位移转化成可计算条纹级次的有利因素。讨论了光载波与形变位移、总位移产生的条纹之间的调制关系,对非整数级条纹进行了补偿,提高了散斑法全场分析的精度,为计算机全自动计算全场条纹级次提供了预处理方法,并对一受载剪切墙各点的全场分析的条纹级次进行了具体的计算.     

多幅动态等和线及等差线的分离和图象处理

提出用夹层光载波法分离多幅动态等和线与等差线,将VAX机及Model75用于图象的自动处理,求出用每一载面分离了的主应力。     

《实验力学》第五卷(1990)分类索引

综述光弹性技术在曲轴设计中的应用,】,1中国电测理论和应用技术发展的十年,2,131动态拉伸及动态循环加载实验技术,2,144电子散斑干涉法和video全息干涉,4,387电阻应变计测纽技术全息千涉术散斑计且光弹塑性法声测皿材料试验实验流体确定应力集中的三应变片测法,2,205检侧表面裂纹开裂点的应变片方法,2,235异弹模界表面裂缝的动态实验研究,3,275预应力钢筋混凝土管口承载力试验研究,3,354扭转力学性能电测技术材料试验研究,3,360混合光载波法分离动静态主应力,2,152全息干涉条纹图的计算机自动处理与识别,3,268缺口根部塑性区和拉应力场对循…     

全息动光弹性旋光法研究

本文提出了一个在全息动光弹性瞬态平面应力问题中同时获得分离的等差线及等和线条纹并分解平面瞬态应力的方法。文中给出了框架在冲击荷载作用下不同时刻等差线及等和线的分离条纹图和某个截面不同时刻的动态应力分布。     

边界元法与光弹性实验相结合的应力分析法

本文介绍了边界无法与光弹性实验相结合进行应力分析的方法。叙述了用边界无法求解主应力的基本原理。结合光弹性实验等差线条纹图,可分离出主应力。     

固体火箭发动机燃烧室光弹性分析

本文运用光弹性法研究了某型固体火箭发动机燃烧室内端燃型药柱和星柱型药柱两种形状的固体复合推进剂的残余应力场,测定了光弹材料的弹性模量、泊松比、线胀系数、材料条纹值和冻结温度,获得了光弹材料在压应力和温度应力下的等差线条纹图,分析了应力分布情况.     

光弹条纹图像的全场相移技术

本文详细分析了光弹性条纹图像的特点，利用图像处理技术，结合相移法及Ｔａｒｄｙ补偿法，实现了等倾线和等差线的全场相移，使得模型中任一点的主应力差值及第一主应力方向值可由计算机自动判读，实现了光弹性实验数据的自动处理。     

Separation of principal stresses in dynamic photoelasticity

A new and effective method used to separate the transient principal stresses for dynamic photoelasticity is proposed. This is a hybrid method combining the optical method of dynamic caustics and the boundary element numerical method. Firstly, a modified Cranz-Schardin spark camera is used to record simultaneously the isochromatic fringe patterns of photoelasticity and the shadow spot patterns in the dynamic process. By means of the isochromatic fringe patterns, the difference between transient principal stresses in the whole domain and the principal stresses along the free boundary can be solved. In addition, the method of caustics is a very powerful technique for measuring the concentrative load. Then, the sum of the principal stresses is calculated by the boundary integral equation obtained from the Laplace integral transform of the wave equation. So, the transient principal stresses can be determined from the experimental and numerical results. As an example, the transient principal stresses in a polycarbonate disk under an impact load are resolved. Concurrently published in the Chinese Edition of Acta Mechanica Sinica, Vol. 26, No. 1, 1994     

动态光弹性方法的主应力分离的研究

本文提出了动态光弹性、动态焦散线实验方法同边界元法结合的混合法，并用这种方法解决了动态光弹性主应力分离的问题，首先对现有的多火花高速摄影系统进行了改造，在动态实验过程中，成功地得到了不同瞬时的清晰的动态光弹性的等差线条纹和动态焦散线系列图像，这样，便可提取不同瞬时的边界应力值、全场主应力差值及边界上的外载。继而提出用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换域上的边界元法来求解在冲击载荷作用下二维弹性模型全场的主应力和。最后，以受冲击载荷作用的圆盘为例，进行实验及边界元法计算，得到了分离的主应力场。     

Residual-stress determination by single-axis holographic interferometry and hole drilling—Part I: Theory

A method is described for the rapid, accurate determination of residual stresses from a holographic interference fringe pattern. The pattern is generated by the displacement field caused by localized relief of residual stresses via the introduction of a small, shallow hole into the surface of a component or test specimen. The theoretical development of the holographic method is summarized. An example is given showing how the method can be applied to a typical experimentally observed fringe pattern to determine principal residual stresses and directions.     

Application of holography to photoelasticity

This paper discusses the exploratory application of holography to photoelasticity. It is shown that the two-beam holographic method may be used to record the birefringent pattern of a standard two-dimensional photoelastic specimen. A special type of polariscope is required. A discussion is presented of the various arrangements required to produce isochromatic, isoclinic, isopachic and combined isopachic and isochromatic fringe patterns. The three-dimensional nature of the holograph is utilized to separate the principal stresses by means of oblique incidence. Both normal- and oblique-incidence fringe patterns are recorded on a single hologram. A brief discussion of the extension to the dynamic case is presented.     

A new holographic interferometer for stress analysis

In holographic interferometry with a photoelastic model, two families of fringes are generated simultaneously when the model is stressed. One family represents the isochromatic-fringe pattern normally associated with photoelasticity which yields the difference between the principal stresses. The other family represents the isopachic-fringe pattern associated with interferometry which yields the sum of the principal stresses. From these complementary patterns, the magnitudes of the principal stresses can readily be determined throughout the field of observation. Unfortunately, these fringe patterns are not completely independent but interact in such a way as to make interpretation difficult in critical regions of the model. A new system has been developed which readily permits simultaneous acquisition of these fringe patterns without their undesirable mutual interaction, as well as providing increased sensitivity. This new interferometer uses a double-pass object beam and an optical rotator to eliminate the isochromatic-fringe pattern and its effect from the isopachic interferogram. Such a system has considerable value in experimental mechanics for applications to both static and dynamic model studies and to materials investigation.     

Tricolor photoviscoelastic technique and its application to moving contact

A new technique for simultaneous determination of both fringe order and principal direction of birefringence in practical photoviscoelastic analysis using white incident light with a set of the primary colors, called tricolor photoviscoelasticity, is described. This method can determine both the fringe order and principal direction of birefringence from a single-color photoviscoelastic image under plane polarization. Then, the authors evaluate time dependent stresses and strains around a contact region in a viscoelastic strip plate under nonproportional loading condition. The variations of the principal stresses and strains are easily obtained over a wide time range by use of the optical constitutive equations of photoviscoelasticity and the characteristic material property functions.     

Relationship between the mechanical and optical characteristics of photoviscoelastic polymeric materials under dynamic loading

The paper presents a method to calculate the difference of principal stresses and strains in linear viscoelastic optically sensitive polymeric materials from a time-dependent fringe pattern. The governing equations are derived using the direct and inverse Laplace transforms     

Data analysis in dynamic photoelasticity

A method to separate the principal stresses and to obtain displacements from dynamic photoelastic fringe patterns is presented. The method utilizes geometric characteristics of either the model or the stress wave to provide the additional equation necessary for separation. The method is illustrated in ten specific cases.     

双折射材料初应力的定量研究相移等达因技术的应用

文章提出两种用相移等达因技术对存在于双折射材料内部的初始应力进行定量分析的方法，并以两种常用的双折射材料Ｐ６和Ｈｏｍａｌｉｔｅ１００为例进行了内部初应力的实验研究，给出了材料内部初应力的分布。以上研究说明双折射内部初始应力不容忽视，数字相移等达因技术是双折射材料内部初始应力进行定量分析的有力手段     

MOIRÉ INTERFEROMETRY WITH ENHANCED RESOLUTION

The implementation of this method is relatively simple. It does not require any modification to interferometric systems already in use. It can be used in the analysis of large as well as very small fields, including measurements under a microscope.
A fringe pattern with a carrier is recorded in a single exposure, just as in the standard procedure. As a consequence, any possible instability of the interferometer does not affect the accuracy of the measurements. Further, the spatial resolution of the measurements is not compromised.
Since only one exposure is needed for a given displacement component this method can be applied to dynamic as well as static measurements.
It should be emphasized that even though the number of electronically generated fringes can be arbitrary, the sensitivity is the same as in ordinary moire interferometry as long as the data are taken at the lines of minimum intensity. The improvement is in the increase of the number of data points taken at the locations of maximum resolution. In other words, all the data are taken at the maximum resolution.
This method applies not only to moire interferometry but to any experimental technique based on two-beam interference, as long as the fringe pattern has good contrast.