共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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利用自行研制的蒸发/冷凝实验装置作为基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱仪的特种接口,通过冷凝方式在线添加基质,冷凝管出口处的最终粒子直接引入空气动力学粒径分析仪或自行研制的飞行时间质谱仪,可对实验室产生的生物气溶胶粒子进行实时检测. 同时研究了最终粒子粒径大小的决定因素:加热池温度、初始粒子大小及其粒子数浓度及基质种类,获得了探测分析物分子离子峰所需的实验条件. 相似文献
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考虑一个由两种类粒子组成的系统,同种类粒子相遇时发生不可逆的聚集反应;不同种类的粒子相遇时,则发生不可逆的完全湮没反应.利用Mont-Carlo模拟各种参数条件下的粒子聚集-完全湮没竞争过程,分析了聚集速率、湮没速率以及初始浓度分布对系统动力学行为的影响.模拟结果表明:1)粒子大小分布总是满足一定的标度律;2)当两种粒子的聚集速率都等于湮没速率的2倍时,粒子大小分布的标度指数与粒子初始浓度分布有关;3)其余情况下,标度指数则取决于反应速率的相对大小.此外,当两种粒子的聚集速率都大于或等于湮没速率的两倍,系统的所有粒子将完全湮没;当且仅当至少一种粒子的聚集速率小于湮没速率的两倍,聚集速率较小的那一种粒子才可能最终保存下来.模拟结果与已报道的理论分析结果符合得较好. 相似文献
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提出了一种基于非线性ZnSe晶体产生的空心光束与光泳力的大尺寸粒子二维囚禁与一维导引、三维囚禁方案.理论上分析并计算了单个非线性ZnSe晶体产生的空心光束内粒子受到的横向与纵向光泳力,纵向光泳力的大小同粒子尺寸与光束尺寸比例的四次方成正比,与空心光束功率成正比,方向与光束传播方向一致.粒子尺寸与空心光束尺寸越接近时,横向光泳力的大小越大.结果表明该光泳力可以实现对大尺寸粒子的二维囚禁,同时可对粒子进行长距离(米量级)一维定向导引;理论上分析并计算了基于双非线性ZnSe晶体产生的局域空心光束内粒子所受横向与纵向光泳力情况,光泳力与系统参数的依赖关系与单个非线性晶体产生的空心光束中的粒子受力情况类似,不同的是该条件下纵向光泳力指向光束中心.结果表明该局域空心光束可以实现大尺寸粒子的三维有效囚禁.基于非线性ZnSe晶体产生的空心光束或者局域空心光束可以作为大尺寸粒子非接触式有效操控的工具,在现代光学以及生物医学中有潜在的应用. 相似文献
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光镊子 (一组聚焦的光束 )擅长于捕获和移动毫米大小的粒子 ,但纳米量级的粒子常常可以从它的支配下滑脱 .目前东京大学的Takuyalida和HajimeIshihara两位教授提出了一个新的理论 ,他们认为让激光束的频率与半导体纳米粒子的内部能级差发生共振 ,那么光镊子就能提高一百万倍的捕获能力 ,同时光镊子还可对纳米材料中粒子的大小与形状进行分类 .众所周知 ,对微小物体的大小与形状作出分类是一件极其重要的工作 .例如DNA分子链断裂碎片的大小可以决定基因序列生长的速度 ,又如在材料科学中能对粒子的取向进行选择的话 ,就有可能对许多物质的… 相似文献
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在生物体系的活性系统中,杆状粒子在弹性半柔性边界中的受限行为极为常见.本文研究了二维情况下,自驱动杆状粒子受限在半柔性弹性环中的集体行为.改变系统的粒子数及噪声强度,系统显示明显的自驱吸附有序态、无序态及中间的过渡态.通过表征弹性环内部粒子的径向极性大小和空间分布的非球度性对这些状态进行了刻画.进一步对弹性环中心附近粒子密度的分析,发现环中心气态粒子分布存在一个与边界高密度区域共存的饱和平台,出现类似吸附转变的粒子分布.在过渡区间,体系内存在较大的涨落会导致弹性环出现异常形变.非对称的粒子分布对弹性环整体的迁移具有重要贡献,系统在过渡区间能获得相对较强的定向迁移. 相似文献
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本文开发了一套基于非结构网格的间断有限元方法(DG)程序,并对与单元形状无关的斜率限制器进行了研究。此程序支持多种网格类型,能够方便应用于具有混合单元的非结构网格,具有处理复杂几何结构的能力,为研究叶轮机械内部复杂流动现象提供了有效的研究工具。本文利用该程序对若干典型无黏和黏性问题进行数值模拟,结果表明,该程序具有较高的可信度,能够处理具有混合单元的非结构网格,并给出良好的数值模拟结果。 相似文献
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In this paper a measure is proposed of the rate with which the collective motion of cells leads to aggregation and structure formation. It will be shown that the spatial entropy of the cells tends to decrease during aggregation and an index will be derived to quantify the rate with which this process takes place. Finally, applications will be presented to experiments on cellular migration and aggregation. 相似文献
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Joseph P. Conlon 《Contemporary Physics》2013,54(2):119-129
String theory is the leading theoretical approach to finding a consistent quantum theory that unifies gravity with the other three forces. However, the theory is only consistent in ten dimensions. In order for string theory to describe observable physics, the six extra dimensions must be sufficiently small to be unobservable. Originally it was hoped that there would only be one consistent way of doing this, but now it is realized that this problem may have as many as 10500 possible solutions. I describe where this number comes from and the approaches, both statistical and anthropic, taken in dealing with this superfluity of solutions. 相似文献
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Ahmad Adel Abutaleb 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2014,53(11):3893-3900
In this paper we propose a unified statistics of Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics by suggesting that every particle can be associated with matter or fundamental forces with certain probability. The main Justification for this proposal is the possibility of extension of the spin-statistics theory to include a hypothetical quantum particles have fractional spin. The concept of Supersymmetry can be related to this unified statistics. 相似文献
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We present a scheme for the anti-control of chaos in the p--Ge
photoconductor system by using a chaotic laser to irradiate and
disturb this system. The numerical simulations show that this scheme
can be effectively used to control periodic states in this p--Ge
system into chaotic states. Moreover, the different chaos states
with different chaotic orbits can be obtained by appropriately
adjusting the disturbance intensity and disturbance frequency, and
by increasing this intensity or reducing this frequency, this p--Ge
system gradually evolves to fully developed chaotic states. 相似文献
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可控声阻抗声衬控制系统设计及实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了克服传统声衬在实际应用中的限制,介绍了一种可控声抗的声衬,并设计了一套控制系统实现了这种声衬声阻抗的有源控制,使这种声衬的吸声系数在任意声源频率范围内始终保持最优值或定值,从而满足一定的阻抗条件。这个工作对发动机吸声降噪有源控制及通过压气机机匣处理抑制颤振具有重要实际意义。 相似文献
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微弱谐波信号的灵敏检测具有重要的实际应用意义, 本文利用受控Chen系统来实现强噪声背景下的这种检测. 因动力系统可分解为慢变系统与快变系统的叠加, 这里用平均法对检测系统进行处理得到慢变系统, 并获取使系统由周期轨道突变为稳定平衡点的检测参数临界值. 通过调节检测参数, 观测系统状态变量的变化可判断待测信号是否存在. 仿真结果表明, 此方法可以准确检测出强噪声背景下的微弱谐波信号. 与目前其他基于混沌振子的检测方法相比, 该方案对噪声具有更强的免疫性, 而且可通过理论分析得出检测参数阈值的准确范围, 有利于在相关领域推广应用. 相似文献
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Peter Henselder 《Annals of Physics》2007,322(5):1062-1095
Superanalysis can be deformed with a fermionic star product into a Clifford calculus that is equivalent to geometric algebra. With this multivector formalism it is then possible to formulate Riemannian geometry and an inhomogeneous generalization of exterior calculus. Moreover, it is shown here how symplectic and Poisson geometry fit in this context. The application of this formalism together with the bosonic star product formalism of deformation quantization leads then on space and space-time to a natural appearance of spin structures and on phase space to BRST structures that were found in the path integral formulation of classical mechanics. Furthermore it will be shown that Poincaré and Lie-Poisson reduction can be formulated in this formalism. 相似文献
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LUO En & LI WeiHua Department of Applied Mechanics Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China 《中国科学G辑(英文版)》2007,50(3):370-378
According to the basic idea of classical yin-yang complementarity and modern dual-complementarity, in a simple and unified way proposed by Luo, some basic principles in the dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids can be estab- lished systematically. In this paper, an important integral relation in terms of con- volutions is given, which can be considered as the generalized principle of virtual work in mechanics. Based on this relation, it is possible not only to obtain the principle of virtual work and the reciprocal theorem, but also to derive systemati- cally the complementary functionals for the eight-field, six-field, four-field simpli- fied Gurtin-type variational principles and the potential energy-functional for the two-field one in the dynamic theory of viscoelastic materials with voids by the generalized Legendre transformations given in this paper. Furthermore, with this approach, the intrinsic relationship among various principles can be explained clearly. 相似文献