共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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基于颗粒尺度建立了考虑颗粒破碎过程中能量耗散的微观力学模型。为了模拟颗粒体的破碎过程和侧向应力的影响,把胶结在一起的三个等粒径的颗粒体当作颗粒破碎体。基于颗粒破碎准则和热力学原理,考虑了颗粒破碎过程中颗粒接触点之间的塑性滑移和颗粒转动以及侧向应力作用,通过颗粒破碎体内部颗粒之间的接触破碎来模拟颗粒体的破碎。计算结果表明:本文所提出的微观力学模型可以模拟胶结在一起的大颗粒的破碎过程;颗粒之间的微观力学参数对颗粒破碎过程中的力、塑性滑移、颗粒的转动角有不同程度的影响;力-位移关系曲线在破碎前是线性的,而颗粒破碎时竖向力迅速降低到较小值,并伴有颗粒的转动。 相似文献
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基于接触面的宏、细观物理特征,建立了单调加载条件下钙质砂与结构接触面的弹塑性增量本构关系。从接触面的宏观条件上考虑,该模型将弹性模量取为法向压力的指数函数,采用非关联流动法则和Mohr-columb屈服函数,以及切向塑性功为硬化参量,适用于多数接触摩擦问题。在细观上将滑动面抽象为锯齿面,同时将摩擦系数取为塑性功的双曲线函数,以考虑钙质砂颗粒破碎对接触面力学特性的影响。模型概念简单、参数较少,通过理论计算与钙质砂拉拔试验结果比较,显示了模型的合理性。 相似文献
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钙质砂是一种易破碎粒状材料。本文在分析颗粒破碎机理的基础上,提出了颗粒破碎与剪胀耦合作用的破碎功表示式,并用实验证明了相对破碎Br 与ε1,Wp,WB 之间的关系,从而建立了钙质砂颗粒破碎的评价指标及其能量公式。 相似文献
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考虑块石形状为球体、正方体和长方体三种情况,通过正方体与球体相比较来探究块石棱角度不同对土石混合体力学特性的影响,通过长方体与正方体相比较来探究块石球度不同对土石混合体力学特性的影响。首先,提出特定形状块石三维离散元精细建模的方法;接着建立含石量为30%和80%的块石形状分别为球体、正方体和长方体的土石混合体三维颗粒流数值模型;然后,对土石混合体大三轴试验进行颗粒流模拟,获得了不同含石量及不同块石形状的土石混合体试样的宏观力学特征;最后,详细分析了块石形状对土石混合体力学行为影响的细观机理。结果表明,块石形状会影响土石混合体的力学行为,其影响的程度与含石量密切相关;配位数、块石颗粒平均旋转量和摩擦功的演化规律能够很好地从细观水平上反映块石形状的作用机理。 相似文献
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考虑块石形状为球体、正方体和长方体三种情况,通过正方体与球体相比较来探究块石不同棱角度对胶结土石混合体力学特性的影响,通过长方体与正方体相比较来探究块石不同球度对胶结土石混合体力学特性的影响。首先,基于不规则颗粒三维离散元精细模拟技术实现了正方体和长方体块石数值模型的建立;然后建立含石量为30%和80%的块石形状分别为球体、正方体和长方体的胶结土石混合体三维离散元随机结构模型;最后,对土石混合体大三轴试验进行颗粒流数值模拟,获得了不同含石量、不同块石形状下胶结土石混合体的强度特征和变形特征,并分别就低、高两种含石量下块石形状对土石混合体力学特性影响的细观机理进行了深入地分析。结果表明:块石含量和形状均会显著影响胶结土石混合体的力学特性,并且两者间具有复杂的交互作用;微裂纹、块石颗粒平均旋转量、应变能和摩擦功等的演化规律能够很好地从细观水平上反映块石形状影响的作用机理。 相似文献
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为考察脆性空心颗粒材料冲击载荷下的力学特性,以具有不同粒径分布的粉煤灰漂珠为研究对象,对其静动态力学性能进行实验研究。通过限制颗粒材料压缩应变为50%,分析颗粒破碎率和破碎机理与材料宏观应变率效应的关系。结果表明:(1)不同粒径的漂珠颗粒材料在动态压缩下较准静态压缩下颗粒材料的强度均有明显的增强,在0.001和150 s?1大小颗粒的强度分别提高200%和195%,在150和300 s?1大小颗粒的强度分别提高39%和51.5%,在300和800 s?1大小颗粒的强度并未发生明显的变化;(2)在相同加载速度下粒径较小的颗粒比大粒径颗粒的强度和吸能效果分别提高35%~40%和35%~48%;(3)对破碎后颗粒粒径分布曲线分析可知,随着加载速度的增加,大小颗粒的破碎率和破碎程度都会增大,且在相同加载速度下大颗粒的破碎率较小颗粒的破碎率高;(4)Hardin破碎势分析表明,单位输入能量下颗粒的相对破碎势随冲击速度增大而减小,动态冲击下用于颗粒破碎的能量利用率降低,从而导致材料在相同压缩量下产生更高的能量耗散和应力水平,即表现为宏观的应变率效应。 相似文献
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开展了11组南海钙质砂和福建石英砂的分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验,试样相对密实度为90%,厚度分别为10、30和50 mm,得到了冲击荷载下钙质砂和石英砂的应变率时程曲线、应变时程曲线和应力应变关系。实验结果表明:通过严格装样技术可以减小实验设备产生的误差,改变试样厚度、子弹长度、整形器等是实现钙质砂应力平衡和恒应变率的主要手段。在相同的密实度和加载条件下,钙质砂的体积模量和剪切模量约为石英砂的10%,压缩强度和抗剪强度约为石英砂的30%。冲击荷载作用下钙质砂的动态力学性能与石英砂存在较大的差异,因此不能将已有石英砂的研究结果直接用于钙质砂。 相似文献
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颗粒材料破碎演化路径细观热力学机制 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
颗粒材料在高应力环境下会发生颗粒破碎现象,颗粒破碎不仅影响颗粒材料的力学特性,同时与大量工程问题密切相关.目前的相关研究主要集中在唯象地描述颗粒破碎的演化以及破碎对力学特性的影响层面,对颗粒破碎演化路径的物理机制研究较少.本文基于热力学框架,采用细观力学中细观-宏观的均匀化方法推导了颗粒体系弹性能和破碎能量耗散,并在最大能量耗散的假设下,在热力学框架内,建立了理想化的无摩擦球体颗粒等向压缩过程的弹性-破碎模型,阐述了颗粒材料破碎演化路径细观热力学机制.由于模型的推导不依赖任何唯象的经验公式,因此模型中包含的参数均有明确的物理意义.模型预测与前人试验结果对比表明,材料的初始级配对弹性压缩模量和破碎应力的影响并不相同:不同分形维数级配对应的弹性体变模量存在极大值,而破碎应力却随着分形维数的增大单调递增;颗粒破碎的演化符合最大能量耗散原理,且颗粒材料的压缩曲线可以分为弹性-破碎-拟弹性3个机制不同的阶段. 相似文献
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In this work typical mechanical properties for a catalyst support material, ZSM5 (a spray-dried granular zeolite), have been measured in order to relate the bulk behaviour of the powder material to the single particle mechanical properties. Particle shape and size distribution of the powders, determined by laser diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confirmed the spherical shape of the spray-dried particles. The excellent flowability of the material was assessed by typical methods such as the Hausner ratio and the Cart index, This was confirmed by bulk measurements of the particle-particle internal friction parameter and flow function using a Schulze shear cell, which also illustrated the low compressibility of the material. Single particle compression was used to characterize single particle mechanical properties such as reduced elastic modulus and strength from Hertz contact mechanics theory. Comparison with surface properties obtained from nanoindentation suggests heterogeneity, the surface being harder than the core. In order to evaluate the relationship between single particle mechanical properties and bulk compression behaviour, uniaxial confined compression was carried out. It was determined that the Adams model was suitable for describing the bulk compression and furthermore that the Adams model parameter, apparent strength of single particles, was in good agreement with the single particle strength determined from single particle compression test. 相似文献
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F. De Cola A. Pellegrino C. Glößner D. Penumadu N. Petrinic 《Experimental Mechanics》2018,58(2):223-242
The effect of grain shape, size distribution, intergranular friction, confinement, and initial compaction state on the high strain rate compressive mechanical response of sand is quantified using Long Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (LSHPB) experiments, generating up to 1.1 ms long load pulses. This allowed the dynamic characterisation of different types of sand until full compaction (lowest initial void ratio) at different strain rates. The effect of the grain morphology and size on the dynamic compressive mechanical response of sand is assessed by conducting experiments on three types of sand: Ottawa Sand with quasi-spherical grains, Euroquartz Siligran with subangular grains and Q-Rok with polyhedral grain shape are considered in this study. The adoption of rigid (Ti64) and deformable (Latex) sand containers allowed for quasi-uniaxial strain and quasi-uniaxial stress conditions to be achieved respectively. Additionally, the effect of intergranular friction was studied, for the first time in literature, by employing polymer coated Euroquartz sand. Appropriate procedures for the preparation of samples at different representative initial consolidation states are utilized to achieve realistic range of naturally occurring formations of granular assembly from loose to dense state. The results identify material and confining sample state parameters which have significant effect on the mechanical response of sand at high strain rates and their interdependency for future integration into rate dependent constitutive models. 相似文献
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Two types of Ottawa sand (ASTM C778 #20–30 graded sand, denoted OS1, and C109 ASTM #C778 graded sand, denoted OS2) with different particle size distributions were tested in a series of dynamic uniaxial strain experiments using a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. The pulse shaper technique was employed to achieve the dynamic force balance and constant strain rate in the sand specimen. The effects of the strain rate, initial void ratio and moisture on the dynamic compression response of sand were examined. Two types of dynamic behavior occurred in the dry sand: solid-like and fluid-like behavior. The OS1 samples exhibited a fluid-like response at all initial void ratios, whereas the OS2 samples exhibited a solid-like response for all void ratios. This difference between the two sands may be due to the difference in the particular size distributions of OS1 and OS2. The initial elastic response of the dry sand samples seemed to be independent of the strain rate. The strain rate effects became more apparent after particle crushing and particle rearrangement began. Under a high degree of saturation, the strain rate effects were immediately apparent, even at lower strains. The dynamic response of sand was remarkably linear until the peak strain was reached. 相似文献
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Giuliano M. Laudone G. Peter Matthews Patrick A. C. Gane Alexander G. Matthews Cathy J. Ridgway Joachim Schoelkopf Stephen A. Huggett 《Transport in Porous Media》2007,66(3):403-419
An algorithm has been developed for the calculation of the size of the effective structural or skeletal elements which make
up the solid phase of an unconsolidated or consolidated porous block. It is based on a previously presented algorithm, but
it has now been validated on unconsolidated samples and tested on consolidated samples. It also includes a virtual reality
representation of the structures. First, a network model named Pore-Cor is made to reproduce the percolation behaviour of
the experimental sample, by matching its simulated percolation characteristics to an experimental mercury intrusion curve.
The algorithm then grows skeletal elements between the cubic pores and cylindrical throats of the void network model until
they touch up to four of the adjacent void features. The size distributions of the simulated solid elements are compared with
each other and with experimentally determined particle size distributions, using a Mann–Whitney test. The algorithm was shown
to simulate skeletal elements with the correct trends in size distribution for two different sand samples, provided the sand
packed itself optimally under the applied mercury pressure. It was also applied to two samples of variously compressed calcium
carbonate powder, having fine and coarse particle size distributions respectively. The simulation demonstrated that on compressing
the powder at the minimum force, the skeletal elements differed from the constituent particle sizes, as expected. The average
size of the skeletal elements increased as the compression force was increased on the calcium carbonate powders. The results
suggest that the method could be useful as a tool for probing the effect of compaction on aggregation or sintering, and for
studying other effects such as cementation in geological samples, where other more direct techniques cannot be applied. 相似文献