相位移法中的量化误差效应

对相位移测量技术中的条纹强度量化所引起的相位误差进行了定量研究，给出了相位测量误差与条纹强度误差之间的统计关系式，对条纹强度量化误差进行傅时叶级数展开，并利用条纹强度与相位的关系求得该级数的系数，进而得到的标准Ｎ幅算法的相位的解析表达式，最后对强度量化误差效应的一些影响因素进行了讨论。     

一种用于动态过程测量的实时偏振相移方法

利用一种特殊的相位龙基光栅和偏振相移技术,可同时获得四幅具有不同相移的干涉图,由此可计算出被测物体的全场相位分布,从而实现对支态过程相位的测量。将该方法应用于马赫－曾德尔干涉系统的散斑干涉系统,分别测量了液体的折射率变化和固体的离面位移,给出了实验结果。     

Optical Differentiation Phase Measurement Using the Bias Shifting Method

A new optical phase measurement method using a differentiation filter is proposed. The new method uses two images obtained by shifting the filter. This method has an advantage in that non-uniformity of the wavefront intensity does not produce errors. We present herein the theory of the newly proposed method and verify the theory by computer simulation. The effects of non-uniformity of the wavefront intensity, noise, and bias shifting length for errors are discussed. The system has been demonstrated for a plane wave and a spherical wave. For the proposed method, although the number of errors due to noise increases, the number of errors due to non-uniformity decreases. Therefore, the proposed method is useful for the phase measurement of a wavefront for which the intensity is not uniform. In addition, it improves the accuracy of the phase measurement system using a differentiation filter.     

Vibration Analysis by Phase Shifting Digital Holography

Phase-shifting digital holography has been used for the study of vibrating objects. The time-averaged complex amplitude of Fresnel diffracted field due to a vibrating object was obtained by using a three-step phase-shifting algorithm. Taking the inverse Fresnel transform of the complex amplitude resulted in an image of the object superimposed with Bessel fringes. The Bessel fringes are contour map of the vibration amplitude. By sinusoidally modulating the phase of the reference beam at the vibration frequency, the brightest fringe could be shifted to points of interest, thus extending the measurable range of vibration amplitude.     

两步相移实现投影栅相位测量轮廓术

提出一种新的投影栅相位测量方法--两步相移法。该方法只需两幅相移条纹图，因此计算量小，速度快。给出了实验及计算结果，并同四步相移法进行了比较，证明了该方法具有较高的精度。     

Analysis of Phase Measurement Errors in Electro-Optic Holography

This paper presents the results of an error analysis in electro-optics holography. These errors include phase measurement errors due to the linear phase shifter errors in static electro-optic holography, and phase measurement errors due to the errors in the vibrating bias amplitude and phase in dynamic electro-optic holography. Through the error analysis, we found that the phase shifting errors in static electro-optic holography are twice as large as those in the conventional 4-bucket phase shifting algorithm, and the phase shifting errors in dynamic electro-optic holography are similar to those in the 4-bucket phase shifting algorithm.     

基于光学涡旋相移技术的离面位移测量

设计了基于光学涡旋相移技术的离面位移测量实验方案,实现了电子散斑干涉中相移的数字控制.该方法利用输入液晶空间光调制器中的叉形光栅产生涡旋光束,通过涡旋光束绕轴的旋转产生相移;同时,产生的涡旋光束又作为参考光与物光干涉.实验中,在物体发生离面位移前后依次输入四幅叉形光栅,产生相移步长为π/2的涡旋光束,利用CCD获得涡旋光与物光的干涉光场,从而获得离面位移场的包裹相位;再通过解包裹,获得物体离面变形的相位变化.光学涡旋相移法可应用于离面位移测量.     

相位测量轮廓术中随机相移误差的校正算法

在相位测量轮廓术(PMP)中．随机相移误差足导致测量误差的重要因素,提出一种新的随机相移误差的校正算法,在五步相移的基础上不需要求解相位分布．通过近似处理可以直接求解相移过程中存在的随机相移误差,在保证精度的情况下,能大大减少迭代次数和计算量。推导了新算法的计算公式,详细说明了随机相移误差的求解过程。计算机模拟和实验证实了新的算法的有效性。与In-bok Kong的算法相比较,新算法能大大减少迭代次数和计算量。该新算法也同样适用于相移干涉计量。     

结构光测量相位波动误差补偿方法研究

在计算机仿真分析投影仪伽马非线性特性对包裹相位波动误差影响的基础上,提出一种面向相移结构光测量的相位波动误差补偿方法.该方法采用二次多项式最小二乘拟合的方法近似输出条纹光强分布,实现包裹相位波动误差的补偿,减小投影仪非线性导致的系统测量误差.此方法简单,运算量小,不依赖环境光源及投影仪、摄像机具体参数,具有很强的通用性...     

基于相移技术的显微数字全息重构细胞相位

介绍了用显微镜物镜、压电陶瓷和CCD建立的一套测量细胞相位的显微数字全息光路,基于相移技术,给出了重构相位的理论分析,并用洋葱磷片叶细胞作为测试样品,完成了测量细胞相位的实验.结果表明：该系统可以完成细胞相位重构,系统分辨率不低于1 μm.     

利用相移片实现激光自准直的新方法

介绍两种实现激光自准直的方法和实验，阶梯相移片法的特点在于巧妙地利用相移片对入射光进行调制，实现高精度激光自准直和角度的测量；微点相移片法是比较入射光与反射光通过相移点的衍射图形，达到激光自准直的目的。用夫琅和费标量衍射量论分析和计算了激光经过两各片调制后的光能分布，并对制作公差进行了讨论。     

High Accuracy Phase Measurement in Phase-Shifting Speckle Interferometry

A method for accurately measuring information about the deformation of a rough surface object using a phase-shifting speckle interferometer with a television camera and a computer is considered. In this case, the intensity change of the speckle by phase-shifting varies randomly in space because of the statistical property of the speckle. Then, at points with small intensity change, the accuracy of the phase measurement is affected significantly by the quantization error of an analog to digital converter for data recording. To improve the accuracy, the statistical property of the interference speckle must be clarified. This is done theoretically and experimentally, and the experimental results show that higher measurement accuracy can be attained by selecting large amplitude points.Presented at 1996 International Workshop on Interferometry (IWI ‘96), August 27–29, Saitama, Japan.     

移相干涉技术中移相器的自校正方法

移相干涉技术（ＰＳＩ）是８０年代兴起的一门干涉图形自动识别技术，移相器作为移相干涉技术的关键部件其移相误差将直接影响到移相干涉技术的干涉图的识别精度。本文提出了一种移相器的自校正方法，即利用移相干涉仪的自身系统，通过快速傅里叶方法，对移相器进行逐步逼近校正。结合移相式红外干涉仪的研制，给出了一组移相器的自动校正的实验，实验表明，校正后的移相器的非线性误差可由原来的５％降低到０．２％。     

移相干涉术的一种新算法：重叠四步平均法

提出了一种能大大地减小由于移相器的位移误差而引起相位复原误差的新方法，即重叠四步平均法（Ｏｖｅｒｌａｐｐｉｎｇ Ａｖｅｒａｇｉｎｇ ４－Ｆｒａｍｅ （ＯＡＦ） Ａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍ）。给出了这种方法的盯们复原精度与移相器的位移误差之间的关系式，从关系式中可见，ＯＡＦ算法大大地减小由于移相器的位移误差而引起相位复原误差，通过计算机模拟，得到了各种算法的相位复原精度与移相器的位移误差之间的关系曲线，分析     

图像光谱技术实现精确测温

建立了一种以灰体辐射为基础测量温度的新方法,它不仅可以测定辐射体的实时温度,而且可以实现无接触和高精度测量。首先,利用多通道CCD图像光谱仪精确测量辐射体在较宽波段内的辐射光谱,作为该辐射体的指纹光谱,将其定义为一个等效的灰体;其次,通过对所测光谱的拟合确定该辐射体的灰体辐射模型的系数,从而确定待测辐射体的灰体辐射模型;最后,通过光谱技术与灰体辐射模型的结合确定给定辐射体的任意温度。通过对无火焰和有火焰这两类热辐射体的实验检验,表明该测温方法具有实时、准确和无接触等优点。     

Phase shifting technique using generalization of Carre algorithm with many images

The present work offers new algorithms for phase evaluation in optics measurements. Several phase-shifting algorithms with an arbitrary but constant phase-shift between captured intensity frames are proposed. The algorithms are derived similarly to the so called Carre algorithm. The idea is to develop a generalization of Carre that is not restricted to four images. Errors and random noise in the images cannot be eliminated, but the uncertainty due to its effects can be reduced by increasing the number of observations. The advantages of the proposed algorithm are its precision in the measures taken and immunity to noise in images.     

用双图全息相移干涉法计算与时间有关的位相分布

提出一种双图全息相移干涉法．该方法可以用来计算与时间有关的位相分布，两幅全息干涉条纹图可以同时得到，并且有固定的９０°位相差．虽然两幅条纹图的位相可以随着时间变化，如环境影响，或载荷变化，但他们之间的位相差恒定．该方法利用二维傅氏变换，结合偏振相移法以及分光技术．     

高精度,大口径平面波像差标准—移相式数字平面干涉仪

介绍研制成的一台移相式数字平面干涉仪，其孔径为φ２４５ｍｍ，用液面作基准标定并消除仪器的系统误差，准确度优于λ／５０（峰谷值，λ＝０．６３２８μｍ），利用计算机辅助干涉术，被测件口径可扩展到φ５００ｍｍ，该仪器将用于建立高精度，大孔径平面波像差标准。文中阐述了光学干涉仪，移相器及精度校核等问题。     

双折射位相差的拟合表达式及其应用

探讨双折射晶体的ｏ光和ｅ光的位相差的表达式，对文献中常引用的表达式作近似展开，得到一个适用性的拟合表达式及其拟合系数与昌体或液晶双折射率之间的关系，并给出该表达式的简单应用。它可作为设计晶体旋转法测试液晶双折射和预角测试仪的原理。     

移动侧向压力法测量高圆双折射光纤

对扭转高圆双折射光纤中光的偏民变化作了分析，提出用移动侧向变压力法测量高圆双折射光纤中的圆双折射，并在实验上用这种方法对扭转光纤效益作了测量。得到的测量结果与计算值（在已知光导转率下）相对误差在２．４％之内。这一方法为高圆双折射光纤的无损检测提供了另一途径。