Happy Warriors: The Philosophy of the Curriculum: The Need for General Education

Abstract

Academic Adaptations: Higher Education Prepares for the 1980s and 1990s by Verne A. Stadtman, prepared for the Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 203 pages, $15.75.     

地基处理方案评价的灰色关联逼近理想解法

运用灰色关联理论和逼近理想解原理,提出了地基处理方案评价的灰色关联逼近理想解法,介绍了该方法的基本原理,给出了灰色关联理想解、灰色关联负理想解等基本概念,总结了用该方法进行地基处理方案评价的基本步骤.从而,为解决地基处理方案评价问题提供了一条新的途径.     

基于模糊层次分析的武器型号研发项目风险评价研究

风险管理是项目管理中的一项关键的、不可或缺的任务,尤其是对具有创新性、不确定性、复杂性的武器型号研发项目而言,其重要性更是不言而喻.因此在装备研发项目规划和实施过程中运用有效的风险评价方法将显著提高整个项目管理的水平.提出一种基于模糊集理论的风险评价方法能有效处理专家判断中固有的不确定性和主观性.应用层次分析法建立风险因素结构框架,使用线性优化方法计算两两判断矩阵中风险因素的权重,最终通过模糊合成算法计算项目总风险和风险因素相对排序.实例研究表明此模型能够有效地评估武器型号研发项目的风险,可适用于型号项目管理的各个阶段.     

基于可信性理论的工程投标模糊风险评估

工程项目投资决策需要考虑承包商自身、业主、项目、竞争对手等方面的情况,需要对各种风险因素进行分析.结合我国当前建筑市场信息化程度不高,难以获取充分历史数据的特点以及国内外相关文献,提出了一种基于可信性理论的工程投标模糊风险评估方法,并给出了详细计算步骤.最后结合算例验证了方法的可行性和实用性.     

区域基础教育信息化水平及课程整合状态的模糊综合评价

以广西区域教育信息化现状调查为基础,对教师、学生的信息化水平进行模糊综合评价并由模糊推理得到信息技术与学科课程整合状态的评价,最后作进一步的分析模型得到整合状态不佳的原因.     

TASS: The Toolkit for Accurate Scientific Software

The Toolkit for Accurate Scientific Software (TASS) is a suite of integrated tools for the formal verification of programs used in computational science, including numerically-intensive message-passing-based parallel programs. While TASS can verify a number of standard safety properties (such as absence of deadlocks and out-of-bound array indexing), its most powerful feature is the ability to establish that two programs are functionally equivalent. These properties are verified by performing an explicit state enumeration of a model of the program(s). In this model, symbolic expressions are used to represent the inputs and the values of variables. TASS uses novel techniques to simplify the symbolic representation of the state and to reduce the number of states explored and saved. The TASS front-end supports a large subset of C, including (multi-dimensional) arrays, structs, dynamically allocated data, pointers and pointer arithmetic, functions and recursion, and other commonly used language constructs. A number of experiments on small but realistic numerical programs show that TASS can scale to reasonably large configurations and process counts. TASS is open source software distributed under the GNU Public License. The Java source code, examples, experimental results, and reference materials are all available at .     

The Impact of Enacted Mathematics Curriculum Models on Prospective Elementary Teachers' Course Perceptions and Beliefs

This paper communicates the impact of prospective teachers' learning of mathematics using novel curriculum materials in an innovative classroom setting. Two sections of a mathematics content course for prospective elementary teachers used different text materials and instructional approaches. The primary mathematical authorities were the instructor and text in the textbook section and the prospective teachers in the curriculum materials section. After one semester, teachers in the curriculum materials section (n= 34) placed significantly more importance on classroom group work and discussions, less on instructor lecture and explanation, and less on textbooks having practice problems, examples, and explanations. They valued student exploration over practice. In the textbook section (n= 19), there was little change in the teachers' beliefs, in which practice was valued over exploration. These results highlight the positive impact of experiences with innovative curriculum materials on prospective elementary teachers' beliefs about mathematics instruction.     

Impact Assessment for Fuzzy Linear Regression Model Based on Case Deletion

Least squares method based on Euclidean distance and Lebesgue distance between fuzzy data is used to study parameter estimation of fuzzy linear regression model based on case deletion respectively. And the parameter estimations on two kinds of distance are compared. The input of the above model is real data and output is fuzzy data. The statistical diagnosis --- estimation standard error of regression equations is constructed to test highly influential point or outlier in observation data. At last through identifying highly influential point or outlier in actual data, it shows that the statistic constructed in this paper is effective.     

结构可靠性的精确置信下限

本文中,对于强度应力系统,求出了可靠度的精确置信下限,计算结果显示,本文提供的可靠度的精确主下限比传统的近似置信下限具有更高的精度。     

Impact of the Science and Technology for Children Curriculum in the Oshkosh Area School District

This study examines the instructional impact of National Science Resources Center's Science and Technology for Children curriculum in the Oshkosh Area School District. Specifically, the instructional effectiveness of four physical‐science units for grades 1‐4 were investigated. Students were pre‐ and posttested using a multiple‐choice exam containing items adapted from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study, National Association of Educational Progress, TerraNova, and other widely recognized sources. Results were compared with existing instructional materials. Extensive resources for data interpretation include audiotaped lessons, classroom observations, interviews with students and teachers, student‐attitude surveys, and observations of teacher training. Results suggest that the adoption of this curriculum among experienced teachers in the district will provide little or no immediate gains on student achievement and potentially a slight decrease in student attitudes toward science.     

On the Relationship between Curriculum,Teaching and Assessment of Mathematics

In this paper, a discussion is given of the aims and objectives in teaching mathematics to undergraduates in relation to the development of certain student abilities and skills. Consideration is given to the different methods of assessment which test the acquisition of such skills and abilities.     

The Accurate Numerical Inversion of Laplace Transforms

Numerical inversion of almost arbitrary Laplace transforms,for any value of t, to any prescribed accuracy up to atleastthree-quarters of the computer precision, is effected by trapezoidalintegration along a special contour. The required number ofpoints depends on t, the accuracy, and the transform singularitypositions, and for moderate t is typically 11 for errors oforder 10^–6, 18 for order 10^–10, 35 for order 10^–20(withdouble precision working).     

Measurement of Length: The Need for a Better Approach to Teaching

Three hundred and eighty-three children in grades 1–5 were individually interviewed to find out at when they construct unit iteration out of transitive reasoning as described by Piaget, Inhelder, and Szeminska (1960) . The results indicated that most children (72%) construct transitive reasoning by second grade and that most (76%) construct unit iteration out of transitive reasoning by fourth grade. The article explains why traditional instruction produces the poor results revealed by the National Assessment of Educational Progress. It also suggests a better approach to the teaching of measurement that presents problems and encourages children to modify their ways of thinking.     

基于熵权物元的大型水利工程项目风险评价研究

大型水利工程项目是典型的复杂系统工程,为了准确预测大型水利工程风险等级,降低事故风险,论文从管理、技术、经济、政策、环境五个方面选取影响水利工程项目风险的14个指标,建立了水利工程项目风险评价指标体系.借助熵权法确定各项指标的权重,分析影响项目风险的主要因素,之后利用物元分析理论定量评价项目的风险状况.通过分析可知:跨...     

导弹贮存可靠性评估

本文针对导弹上不同部件在长期贮存中、所受影响不同及可修性不同等特点 ,将弹上部件分为五类 .在此基础上、研究给出了该类导弹的贮存可靠性物理模型和相应的数学模型 ,可称作配套系统模型 ,并通过一个简单实例介绍了具体计算方法