加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定皮革和纺织品中含氯苯酚的含量

建立了测定皮革和纺织品中含氯苯酚的高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器(HPLC/DAD)分析方法.采用加速溶剂萃取法萃取不同类型的皮革和纺织品样品,以正己烷为提取剂,在10.34 MPa和120 ℃下静态循环提取3次,提取液经氮吹仪浓缩近干,以正己烷溶解并定容;采用C18柱,以乙腈/0.5%乙酸溶液为流动相,DAD波长为214 nm进行高效液相色谱分离与分析.结果表明: 四氯苯酚和五氯苯酚质量浓度在0.1～20 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系(r＞0.9999);平均回收率在 96.0%～101.5% 之间;相对标准偏差为 0.50%～5.5% (n=7);方法的检出限为0.02 mg/kg,符合欧盟指令0.05 mg/kg的限量规定.本方法高效、简便、自动化程度高,准确可靠,是一种可同时快速测定皮革和纺织品中含氯苯酚的新方法.     

反相离子对高效液相色谱法分离和测定烷基聚氧乙烯醚羧酸

脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚羧酸混合物可根据烷基链的碳链长度用反相离子对高效液相色谱法分离.色谱柱采用SupelcosilTMLC-18,流动相为乙睛:甲醇:水=70:10:20(体积比),含离子对试剂硫酸氢四丁基铵6 mmol/L,用氢氧化钠调pH值至6.在选定的色谱条件下,样品各组分之间具有良好的分离效果,该方法有较好的重现性.     

加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定塑料制品中多溴二苯醚

提出了塑料制品中多溴二苯醚的高效液相色谱法。样品经粉碎后用乙醇-丙酮(1+1)萃取溶剂经加速溶剂萃取仪在150℃静态萃取10min,提取液旋转蒸发后用正己烷溶解过硅胶固相萃取柱净化,流出液蒸发至近干用异辛烷-甲苯(4+1)混合溶剂定容后,注入高效液相色谱仪分离测定。方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.1～0.2mg.L-1之间,加标回收率在87%～104%之间。     

快速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定枸杞子中四螨嗪残留量

建立快速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定枸杞子中四螨嗪残留量的方法.枸杞子样品经快速溶剂萃取,硅胶层析柱净化.分析时用C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)分离,V(甲醇):V(水)=70:30为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长277nm,参比波长324nm.该方法的线性关系良好(r=0.9999),最低检出限为0.005 mg/kg,加标回收率在81.2%～96.9%范围内,相对标准偏差小于7.7%.该方法快速、准确、简便,能够满足检测要求.     

快速溶剂萃取–高效液相色谱法测定禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶

建立快速溶剂萃取–高效液相色谱法测定禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶残留的方法。用单因素和正交试验对禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶的萃取条件进行优化,确定了最佳萃取条件:以甲醇为萃取剂,在130℃循环萃取4次,冲洗体积分数为80%,萃取时间为25 min。色谱柱为Hypersil ODS2柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇–0.5%冰乙酸(25∶75),流量为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为265 nm。磺胺嘧啶的质量浓度在0.025~0.500 mg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 5,检出限为0.5μg/kg。加标回收率在83.0%~88.2%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.2%(n=9)。方法的精密度、准确度和基质效应均符合禽蛋样品检测要求,可用于禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶含量的测定。     

快速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定蔬菜中啶虫脒残留量

提出了高效液相色谱法测定蔬菜中啶虫脒残留量的方法。样品以甲醇为萃取溶剂经加速溶剂萃取仪在100℃静态萃取5min,提取液浓缩后采用Dionex C18色谱柱分离,以甲醇-水(40+60)为流动相淋洗,于波长254nm处测定。啶虫脒的质量浓度在0.01～0.2g.L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg.kg-1。以蔬菜样品为基体,在5个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,啶虫脒的回收率在99.2%～101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在1.3%～3.2%之间。     

加速溶剂萃取-液相色谱法测定运动地坪材料中 16种多环芳烃

提出了加速溶剂萃取-液相色谱法测定运动地坪材料中16种多环芳烃含量的方法。优化的加速溶剂萃取条件如下:①萃取溶剂为丙酮-正己烷(1+1)混合液;②萃取温度为100℃;③静态萃取时间5min;④循环萃取2次。以Hypersil Green PAH色谱柱为分离柱,用水和乙腈以不同比例混合的溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,用紫外检测器和荧光检测器测定。16种多环芳烃的质量浓度均在5.0～500.0μg·L~(-1)内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.04～1.67μg·kg~(-1)。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为70.9%～117%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.5%～6.7%。     

反相离子对高效液相普法分离和测定烷基聚氧乙烯醚羰酸

脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羰酸和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚羰权混合物可根据烷基链的碳链长度用反相离子对高效液相色谱法分离。色谱柱采用Ｓｕｐｅｌｃｏｓｉｌ＾＾ｍＬＣ－１８,流动相为乙晴：甲醇：水＝７０：１０２０（体积比）,含离子对试剂硫酸氢四丁基铵６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,用氢氧化钠调用ＰＨ值至６。在选定的色谱条件下,样品各组分之间具有良好的分离效果,该方法有较好的重现性。     

加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取-硅胶吸附色谱-电喷雾质谱法测定纺织品中的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了测定纺织品中壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚的硅胶吸附色谱-电喷雾质谱分析方法.不同类型的纺织品样品采用加速溶剂萃取法,以无水乙醇为提取溶剂,在10.3 MPa和100 ℃下静态循环提取2次,提取液经Sep-Pak Carbon/NH2石墨化碳黑/氨基复合型固相萃取柱净化,以Waters Spherisorb S3W(150 mm×2.0 mm, 3 μm)色谱柱为分离柱,乙腈-水体系为流动相梯度洗脱,在电喷雾质谱正离子模式下进行定性及定量分析.壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的方法检出限为10～40 μg/kg,在1～20 mg/kg的3个添加水平范围内的平均回收率为81.4%～95.9%,相对标准偏差均小于12.5%.辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚的方法检出限为10～30 μg/kg,在1～20 mg/kg的3个添加水平范围内的平均回收率为80.2%～96.8%, 相对标准偏差均小于13.0%.本方法准确、简便、快速,可用于纺织品的实际检验工作.     

加速溶剂萃取分离-液相色谱法测定五灵脂药材中3种成分的含量

取五灵脂药材(1.0g)与海沙3.0g混匀,置于加速溶剂萃取(ASE)仪中,加入萃取溶剂[乙醇-水(75+25)]静态萃取循环3次,每次10min,萃取温度为100℃,压力为15 MPa。萃取液蒸缩至3mL,加C2H5OH-H2O(75+25)至5.0mL,过滤后供液相色谱分析。在色谱分离中,以Diamosil ODS C18色谱柱为固定相,用(A)甲醇和(B)乙酸(0.5+99.5)溶液以不同比例的混合液作为流动相进行梯度淋洗。在波长360nm处进行检测。药材中的芦丁、山奈酚和穗花杉双黄酮的质量浓度与相应的峰面积之间呈线性关系,3种组分的检出限(3S/N)在0.3~0.6mg·kg-1之间。在3个浓度水平条件下用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率在80.0%~95.0%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在3.2%~9.6%之间。     

固相萃取净化-正相高效液相色谱测定纺织品中残留的烷基酚和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了测定纺织品中烷基酚(AP)和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(APnEO)(n2～16)的正相高效液相色谱法。以甲醇为提取溶剂,用索氏抽提法提取纺织品中的AP和APnEO,用正相高效液相色谱法测定,并对提取溶剂、提取方式和净化条件等前处理条件进行优化。该方法的检出限为1.0 mg/kg,回收率为90.4%～104.1%,相对标准偏差为0.64%～4.21%。采用该方法对多种基质纺织品进行检测,可满足残留检测要求。     

Determination of pharmaceuticals in biosolids using accelerated solvent extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

An analytical method was developed to quantitatively determine pharmaceuticals in biosolid (treated sewage sludge) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The collected biosolid samples were initially freeze dried, and grounded to obtain relatively homogenized powders. Pharmaceuticals were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) under the optimized conditions. The optimal operation parameters, including extraction solvent, temperature, pressure, extraction time and cycles, were identified to be acetonitrile/water mixture (v/v 7:3) as extraction solvent with 3 extraction cycles (15 min for each cycle) at 100 °C and 100 bars. The extracts were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction followed by determination by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. For the 15 target pharmaceuticals commonly found in the environment, the overall method recoveries ranged from 49% to 68% for tetracyclines, 64% to 95% for sulfonamides, and 77% to 88% for other pharmaceuticals (i.e. acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, erythromycin, lincomycin and tylosin). The developed method was successfully validated and applied to the biosolid samples collected from WWTPs located in six cities in Michigan. Among the 15 target pharmaceuticals, 14 pharmaceuticals were detected in the collected biosolid samples. The average concentrations ranged from 2.6 μg/kg for lincomycin to 743.6 μg/kg for oxytetracycline. These results indicated that pharmaceuticals could survive wastewater treatment processes, and accumulate in sewage sludge and biosolids. Subsequent land application of the contaminated biosolids could lead to the dissemination of pharmaceuticals in soil and water environment, which poses potential threats to at-risk populations in the receiving ecosystems.     

Rapid selective accelerated solvent extraction and simultaneous determination of herbicide atrazine and its metabolites in fruit by ultra high performance liquid chromatography

A selective accelerated solvent extraction procedure achieved one step extraction and cleanup for analysis of herbicide atrazine and its metabolites in fruit. Using a BEH C18 analytical column and the gradient mode with 2 mM ammonium acetate aqueous solution/acetonitrile as a mobile phase achieved effective chromatographic separation of the five analytes within 4 min. The calibration curves were linear over two orders of magnitude of concentration with correlation coefficients (r) of 0.9996?0.9999. The method limit of quantification was 1, 2, 1.5, 3, and 2 μg/kg for atrazine, desethylatrazine, desisopropylatrazine, desethyldesisopropylatrazine, and hydroxyatrazine, respectively, in the case of atrazine it is at least two orders of magnitude lower than the maximum residue limit (0.25 mg/kg). The intra‐day and inter‐day precisions of the five analytes were in the range of 2.1–3.5 and 3.1–4.8 %, respectively. The recoveries of the five analytes at three spiked levels varied from 85.9 to 107% with a relative standard deviation of 1.8–4.9% for pear and apple samples. The ultra high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection method was proved to be fast, inexpensive, selective, sensitive, and accurate for the quantification of the analytes in pear and apple samples.     

加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中咪唑乙烟酸残留量

建立了加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中咪唑乙烟酸除草剂残留量的检测方法.加标土壤样品以V(甲醇)∶V(冰乙酸)＝5∶1作提取剂,在温度50 ℃,压力9 MPa下静态萃取10 min,提取物用高效液相色谱二极管阵列检测器进行分析.色谱柱为ODS柱,流动相为V(甲醇)∶V(水)∶V(冰乙酸)＝50∶46∶4,流量: 1 mL/min;检测波长: 254 nm.结果表明: 1和10 μg/g的加标回收率分别为90%和86%,相对标准偏差分别为4.1%和4.5%,检出限可达0.006 μg/g.     

Determination of four major saponins in the seeds of Aesculus chinensis Bunge using accelerated solvent extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray-time of flight mass spectrometry

A new method based on accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) followed by a reliable high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and positive ion electrospray-time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF/MS) analysis has been developed for the characterization and quantification of four major saponins in extracts of the seeds of Aesculus chinensis Bunge (Semen Aesculi). The saponins escin Ia, escin Ib, isoescin Ia and isoescin Ib were extracted from seeds of A. chinesis Bunge via ASE, and the operational parameters of ASE were optimized, such as extraction solvent, extraction temperature, static extraction time and extraction cycles. The optimized procedure employed 70% MeOH as extraction solvent, 120 °C of extraction temperature, 7 min of static extraction time, 60% flush volume and the extraction recoveries of the four compounds were nearly to 100% for two cycles. The HPLC conditions are as follows: SinoChrom ODS BP C₁₈ (4.6 mm × 200 mm, 5 μm) column, acetonitrile and 0.10% phosphoric acid solution as mobile phase, flow rate is 1.0 mL min⁻¹, detection length of UV is 203 nm, injection volume is 10 μL. The results indicated that the developed HPLC method is simple, sensitive and reliable for the determination of four major saponins in seeds of A. chinesis Bunge with a good linearity (r² > 0.9994), precision (relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) <1.5%) and the recovery ranges of 95.2-97.3%. The limits of detection (LOD) of the four compounds were in the range of 0.40-0.75 μg mL⁻¹. This assay can be readily utilized as a quality control method for Semen Aesculi and other related medicinal plants.     

加速溶剂萃取-凝胶色谱净化高效液相色谱法测定动物源性食品中的胆固醇

采用加速溶剂萃取-凝胶色谱净化建立了动物源性食品中胆固醇检测的高效液相色谱方法。结果表明,胆固醇浓度在1.0~40.0mg/L范围内线性关系良好,加标回收率为89.1%~99.8%,相对标准偏差为3.1%~7.8%。该方法准确、灵敏度高,适用于富含脂类的动物源性食品中胆固醇的检测。     

快速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定含脂羊毛中残留的除虫脲和杀铃脲

建立了快速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱(ASE-HPLC)测定含脂羊毛中除虫脲、杀铃脲残留量的方法。以正己烷饱和的乙腈为萃取剂,在80 ℃、10.34 MPa条件下用快速溶剂萃取仪提取样品中的目标物,提取液经冷冻除脂、浓缩及Waters Plus Silica柱净化后,采用Waters Atlants dC18色谱柱分离,以乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器于254 nm处检测。结果表明,在0.1～10.0 mg/L范围内,除虫脲、杀铃脲的峰面积与其质量浓度的线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9999,定量检出限(S/N≥10)分别为0.05,0.04 mg/kg。该方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等特点,完全能满足含脂羊毛中除虫脲、杀铃脲残留初筛检测的要求。     

加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱串联质谱测定菊花中的3种菊酯类农药残留量

建立了加速溶剂萃取菊花中氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯的气相色谱串联质谱农残分析检测方法。探讨了选择性加速溶剂萃取技术在农残前处理上的应用,开发了集萃取、净化于一体的快速新型样品前处理技术。同时还对气相色谱串联质谱的质谱条件进行了优化,得到了一种快速准确高灵敏的农残检测方法。方法的回收率在80%-106%之间,精密度在5.6%-13%,并在1.0-6000μg/L范围内有良好的线性关系（R≥0.9967）,检出限（S/N=3）〈0.5μg/L;定量限（S/N=10）〈1.67μg/L。     

Determination of 15 isomers of chlorobenzoic acid in soil samples using accelerated sample extraction followed by liquid chromatography

A study was conducted to elaborate a fast, simple and efficient method for determination of 15 isomers chlorobenzoic acids (CBAs) in soil using HPLC-UV. Artificially contaminated soil samples were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) with 1% acetic acid in a mixture of hexane and acetone (1:1, V/V) under a pressure of 10.34 MPa and temperature of 150 °C. The recovery of the ASE method was above 82%. The extracts were concentrated; dimethyl sulfoxide was used to prevent CBA volatilization and the final analysis was performed with a C18 XBridge HPLC column employing a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% trifluoracetic acid in water. A HPLC procedure with gradient elution and UV detection was developed and validated. The method exhibited a linear range for 2-CBA; 2,6-CBA; 3-CBA; 4-CBA; 2,3-CBA; 2,3,6-CBA; 2,5-CBA; and 2,4-CBA from 5 to 120 μg/mL with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5 μg/mL, RSD from 2.42 to 9.42% and accuracy from 82 ± 2 to 103 ± 3%. The linear range of determination of 2,4,6-CBA, 3,4-CBA, 2,3,5,6-CBA, 3,5-CBA, 2,3,5-CBA, 2,3,4,5,6-CBA and 2,3,4,5-CBA was 10-120 μg/mL with LOQ 10 μg/mL, RSD from 0.74 to 5.84% and accuracy from 94 ± 1 to 114 ± 1%. The optimized analytical procedure was finally applied on two historically PCB contaminated soils and 9 CBAs were quantified in the samples.     

Determination of acetanilide herbicides in cereal crops using accelerated solvent extraction, solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-electron capture detector

A method was developed to determine eight acetanilide herbicides from cereal crops based on accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) analysis. During the ASE process, the effect of four parameters (temperature, static time, static cycles and solvent) on the extraction efficiency was considered and compared with shake-flask extraction method. After extraction with ASE, four SPE tubes (graphitic carbon black/primary secondary amine (GCB/PSA), GCB, Florisil and alumina-N) were assayed for comparison to obtain the best clean-up efficiency. The results show that GCB/PSA cartridge gave the best recoveries and cleanest chromatograms. The analytical process was validated by the analysis of spiked blank samples. Performance characteristics such as linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), precision and recovery were studied. At 0.05 mg/kg spiked level, recoveries and precision values for rice, wheat and maize were 82.3-115.8 and 1.1-13.6%, respectively. For all the herbicides, LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.8 to 1.7 μg/kg and from 2.4 to 5.3 μg/kg, respectively. The proposed analytical methodology was applied for the analysis of the targets in samples; only three herbicides, propyzamid, metolachlor and diflufenican, were detected in two samples.