pr3+ 激活的CaMoO4红色荧光粉的发光性质

采用高温固相法制备了稀土pr3+激活的Ca1-xPrxMoO4(0.005≤x≤0.02)系列红色荧光粉.荧光光谱表明:在453 nm激发下,样品产生了红光发射,其中对应于pr3+的特征跃迁3 P0→3F2位于654 nm的红色发射峰最强.分析了pr3的掺杂摩尔分数x对样品发光强度的影响,确定pr3+的最佳掺杂摩尔分数...     

RExPr1-xP5O14晶体生长及其光谱

水热法生长了RExPr1-xP5O14单品,RE=La,Ce,Nd,Eu,Gd,Yb,Tm,Y,(x=0.1)单晶的最大线度为2cm。我们研究了原料的合成,观察了吸收,荧光,红外光谱,并计算了22400～16380cm-1范围内的Pr3+离子的振子强度。热重分析观察到在867～930℃有弱的分解。X射线衍射分析指出:结构为单斜晶系,空间群为P21/C;晶胞参数为a=8.73Å,b=9.04Å,c=13.02Å,β=90.5°     

CaS:Pr,Na的激光选择激发

本文用激光选择激发研究了CaS:Pr,Na中Pr³⁺的³P₀→³F₂发光,分辨出5种不同的Pr中心。用三个参数描述立方晶场中受电荷补偿结构影响的稀土离子的能级劈裂,其中两个参数是立方晶场参数B₄和B₆,另一个反映引入电荷补偿结构后立方晶场的畸变。对³F₂能级劈裂的拟合结果表明,发光来自受不同距离上电荷补偿结构影响的Pr中心.     

Y3+掺杂对CaGdAlO4:Pr3+,Yb3+荧光粉的微结构及其量子剪裁发光的影响

采用自蔓延燃烧法结合后期热处理手段制备得到了Y3+/Pr3+共掺杂的CaGdAlO4荧光粉材料.实验结果表明:当用与Gd3+离子半径较近的Y3+来取代Gd3+时,Pr3+的光致发光强度增强,使来自Pr3+的4f-5d跃迁的吸收峰峰值位置发生了从261nm至259nm的蓝移.在确定Y3+的最优浓度为50%,Pr3+的最优浓度为0.5%时,进一步制备了Y3+/Pr3+/Yb3+共掺杂的CaGdAlO4荧光粉材料,并实现了从深紫外到近红外的量子剪裁.在Yb3+的浓度达到6%时,Yb3+位于980nm的发射峰最强.经计算Y3+/Pr3+/Yb3+共掺杂的CaGdAlO4材料的量子剪裁效率约为168%,优于Pr3+/Yb3+共掺杂的CaGdAlO4荧光粉.此外,在254nm紫外光照射下,Y3+取代Gd3+的策略在一定程度上抑制了CaGdAlO4荧光粉材料的晶格热化现象.综上,用价格更低的Y部分取代Gd,可使CaGdAlO4:Pr3+/Yb3+荧光粉制备成本降低,并进一步优化其量子剪裁性能.该研究对硅空间太阳能电池的应用开发具有实际意义.     

Er~(3+)、Pr~(3+)共掺杂AlN薄膜的发光特性和能量传递机理

采用离子注入的方法在氮化铝(AlN)薄膜中实现Er~(3+)和Pr~(3+)的共掺杂,以阴极荧光光谱仪为主要表征手段,对其发光特性进行研究.对于Er~(3+)单掺杂的AlN薄膜,在410nm和480nm可以观察到Er~(3+)较强的发光峰,在537nm、560nm、771nm和819nm可观察到Er~(3+)的较弱的发光峰;对于Pr~(3+)单掺杂的AlN薄膜,Pr~(3+)的最强发光峰位于528nm,在657nm和675nm可以观察到Pr~(3+)的较弱的发光峰;而对于Er~(3+)和Pr~(3+)共掺杂的AlN薄膜,在494nm观察到与Pr~(3+)相关的新跃迁峰.根据实验现象,对AlN薄膜中Er~(3+)和Pr~(3+)之间的能量传递机制进行了深入分析,结果表明Er~(3+)的4F7/2→4I15/2能级跃迁与Pr~(3+)的3P0→3H4能级跃迁之间发生了共振能量传递,从而使Pr~(3+)产生了494nm新的发光峰.     

前驱溶液的pH值对制备Ca2Zn4Ti16O38 ∶ Pr3+,Na+ 发光粉物相、形貌和发光性质的影响

以钛酸丁酯、醋酸钙、醋酸锌、柠檬酸和乙二醇为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ca₂Zn₄Ti₁₆O₃₈ ∶ Pr³⁺, Na⁺ 发光粉。研究了前驱溶液的pH值对溶胶-凝胶转变过程、发光粉物相组成、样品形貌和发光性质的影响。通过热重-差热分析(TG/DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对前驱物分解、发光粉物相和颗粒大小进行了研究。采用荧光光谱对材料的光谱性质进行了表征。研究发现前驱溶液pH ≤ 3时,所得发光粉样品为蓬松的、颗粒均匀的单相Ca₂Zn₄Ti₁₆O₃₈粉末,红色余辉时间较长;随着pH值增大,逐渐有杂质相TiO₂、CaTiO₃和Zn₂TiO₄生成,并且样品颗粒逐渐变大,颗粒团聚呈现不规则形状,余辉时间变短。结果表明,只有在pH ≤ 3条件下以溶胶-凝胶法制备Ca₂Zn₄Ti₁₆O₃₈ ∶ Pr³⁺, Na⁺ 发光粉下才能获得被日光有效激发,并呈现余辉衰减慢的红色长余辉(644 nm)发光。     

Dopant induced morphology changes in ZnO nanocrystals

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals doped with different groups of impurities, e.g., Li, Na, Cu, Pr and Mg synthesized by solid-state reaction method under similar conditions exhibit different morphology. XRD showed monophasic wurtzite structure but change in lattice parameters and Zn-O bond length indicates incorporation of dopant ion in ZnO lattice. The morphology of ZnO nanocrystals exhibited striking dependence on type of dopant ion with the shape changing from nanorods, spherical to petal like particles. Photoluminescence (PL) shows pronounced UV emission and negligible visible emission for Li, Na and Cu doped ZnO nanocrystals with peak positions coinciding with that of undoped ZnO. Whereas signature emission of Pr³⁺ ion as well as broad visible emission from Mg doped ZnO revealed the role of intra gap metastable states formed by the dopant ion in the emission process.     

Photoluminescence properties of trace amounts of Pr and Tb in yttria-stabilized zirconia

We have investigated the photoluminescence (PL) properties of trace amounts of Pr and Tb in single-crystal samples of yttria-stabilized zironia (YSZ), and found that Pr of the order of 10⁻⁶ mass% and Tb of the order of 10⁻⁵ mass% in YSZ can be detected by the PL spectroscopy. The PL spectra of the YSZ samples for the 280 nm excitation were comprised of several peaks and a broad emission. The peaks were attributed to transitions of Pr³⁺ and Tb³⁺ in the YSZ samples, whereas the broad emission seemed to be attributed to the yttria-associated oxygen vacancies. The peak intensities corresponded to the amounts of Pr and Tb in the YSZ samples, the amounts of which were analyzed by glow discharge mass spectrometry. In the PL excitation spectra, but not in the photoabsorption spectra, small peaks at 376 and 381 nm were observed, and were attributed to the transitions of Tb³⁺ in the YSZ samples. The results of the PL excitation spectra corresponding to the Pr³⁺ line emissions suggest that the charge transfer occurs between the YSZ and Pr ion in it. The trace amounts of these lanthanoids in YSZ would disturb the decay process of the photoinduced electrons to the yttria-associated oxygen vacancies.     

几何构型不同的Na团簇碰撞动力学研究

采用距离相关紧密束缚的分子动力学模型,在不同碰撞能量以及不同的碰撞参数下,研究了两种构型的Na6(2D),Na6(3D)与Na8团簇间的碰撞.讨论了反应机制的变化,即全融合、深度非弹、非弹性碰撞过程.结果表明:构型不同的团簇与相同的靶碰撞显示了不同的特征.低能时Na6(3D)易融合;DIC反应时,易于形成大的团簇 关键词： Na团簇 原子团簇碰撞 紧束缚模型     

Ion beam induced formation and interrogation of Au nanoclusters

Low-energy ion bombardment of a Au thin film by 0.5 keV Ar+ forms self-organized nanoclusters that display quantum size effects. The reduction of Au coverage with sputtering time is quantified with x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and a decrease of both the rms roughness and correlation length is measured by STM. Neutralization of scattered 3 keV Na+ and K+ alkali-metal ions is used to probe the electronic states of the sputter-induced nanoclusters. The neutral fractions gradually increase as the cluster dimensions decrease, indicating that the electronic structure is similar to that of clusters grown by deposition.     

Quantum cutting in CaYAlO4: Pr3+, Yb3+

The deposition of a thin layer of a quantum-cutter material on top of silicon-based solar cells seems to be a promising solution to reduce the thermalization losses. This mechanism has been reported in materials codoped with Pr3+-Yb3+, where Pr3+ can sensitize two Yb3+ ions for one absorbed blue photon. In the present Letter, we analyze precisely energy transfers between Pr3+ and Yb3+ in CaYAlO4, and we measure a quantum-cutting rate of 145%. We show that a very efficient back transfer from Yb3+ toward the (1)G4 level of Pr3+ ion leads to a strong reduction of the quantum yield.     

A density functional theory study on size-dependent structures,stabilities,and electronic properties of bimetallic M_nAg_m(M=Na,Li;n + m≤7) clusters

The equilibrium geometries,relative stabilities,and electronic properties of Mn Agm(M=Na,Li;n + m ≤ 7) as well as pure Ag n,Na n,Li n(n ≤ 7) clusters are systematically investigated by means of the density functional theory.The optimized geometries reveal that for 2 ≤ n ≤ 7,there are significant similarities in geometry among pure Ag n,Na n,and Li n clusters,and the transitions from planar to three-dimensional configurations occur at n = 7,7,and 6,respectively.In contrast,the first three-dimensional(3D) structures are observed at n + m = 5 for both Na n Ag m and Li n Ag m clusters.When n + m ≥ 5,a striking feature is that the trigonal bipyramid becomes the main subunit of Li n Ag m.Furthermore,dramatic odd-even alternative behaviours are obtained in the fragmentation energies,secondorder difference energies,highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps,and chemical hardness for both pure and doped clusters.The analytic results exhibit that clusters with an even electronic configuration(2,4,6) possess the weakest chemical reactivity and more enhanced stability.     

Energy transfer-based spectral properties of Tb-, Pr-, or Sm-codoped YAG:Ce nanocrystalline phosphors

Tb³⁺-, Pr³⁺-, or Sm³⁺-codoped YAG:Ce nanocrystalline phosphors were prepared using a modified polyol process. Possible tunability of Ce³⁺-related yellow emission in codoped YAG:Ce nanocrystalline systems was investigated. Dual emission of yellow and red spectral component with a single excitation wavelength was observed from YAG:Ce, Pr or YAG:Ce,Sm codoped systems via an energy transfer from Ce³⁺ and Pr³⁺ or Sm³⁺ ion. It was also observed that the energy transfer event in YAG:Ce, Pr nanocrystalline phosphor occurs mutually between Ce³⁺↔Pr³⁺, while in YAG:Ce, Sm and YAG:Ce, Tb the energy transfer progresses one way. The detailed pathways for transferring an excitation energy are explained based on the energy level diagrams of respective Ce³⁺, Pr³⁺, Sm³⁺, Tb³⁺ ion.     

Time modulation of the beta{+}-decay rate of H-like 140Pr58+ ions

Recent experimental data at GSI on the rates of the number of daughter ions, produced by the nuclear K-shell electron capture (EC) decays of the H-like ions 140Pr58+ and 142Pm60+, suggest that they are modulated in time with periods T_{EC} approximately 7 sec and amplitudes a_{EC} approximately 0.20. Since it is known that these ions are unstable also under the nuclear positron (beta;{+}) decays, we study a possible time dependence of the nuclear beta;{+}-decay rate of the H-like 140Pr58+ ion. We show that the time dependence of the beta;{+}-decay rate of the H-like 140Pr58+ ion as well as any H-like heavy ions cannot be observed.     

Charge-induced fragmentation of sodium clusters

The fission of highly charged sodium clusters with fissilities X>1 is studied by ab initio molecular dynamics. Na4+24 is found to undergo predominantly sequential Na+3 emission on a time scale of 1 ps, while Na(Q+)(24) ( 5< or =Q< or =8) undergoes multifragmentation on a time scale > or =0.1 ps, with Na+ increasingly the dominant fragment as Q increases. All singly charged fragments Na(+)(n) up to size n = 6 are observed. The observed fragment spectrum is, within statistical error, independent of the temperature T of the parent cluster for T< or =1500 K. These findings are consistent with and explain recent trends observed experimentally.     

Relative photodissociation cross-section of NaCs molecule,using argon ion laser lines

Laser-induced photodissociation of NaCs molecule has been observed when a mixture of Na and Cs metal vapour in a glass cell was irradiated by most of the lines of an argon ion laser. The photodissociation results in the 3P state of Na atoms which is correlated with theF ¹Σ⁺ and G¹π molecular states of NaCs. Distribution of photofragments over fine structure components 3² P _3/2 and 3² P _1/2 of Na has been studied. The ratio of intensity ofD ₂ line (5890 Å) toD ₁ line (5896 Å) of Na varies from around 2 at 5145 Å to about 3.5 at 4579 Å. The relative photodissociation cross-section increases monotonically as the wave-length of laser light decreases from 5145 Å to 4579 Å. It is seen that the 4579 Å photon is about 200 times more effective than the 5145 Å photon in causing the photoreaction NaCs + (Ar⁺ photon) → Na*(3P) + Cs(6S).     

Praseodymium valence state in PrFe10Mo2, PrNi5, and PrNi4M intermetallic compounds (M = Cu, Al, Ga)

X-ray L ₃ absorption spectra of Pr and the crystallochemical characteristics of the PrFe₁₀Mo₂ and PrNi₅ intermetallic compounds have been studied. It has been shown for the first time that atoms of Pr, similar to those of Ce, can reside in a mixed valence state. The valency of praseodymium is +3.08 ± 0.03 and +3.10 ± 0.03 in PrFe₁₀Mo₂ and PrNi₅, respectively. The mixed valence state of Pr disappears when one Ni atom in PrNi₅ is replaced by Al or Ga. The nature of the quadrivalent state of Pr in intermetallic compounds is discussed. __________ Translated from Fizika Tverdogo Tela, Vol. 47, No. 3, 2005, pp. 412–416. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2005 by Efremova, Shcherbakova, Kuchin, Finkel’shtein, Vilisov, Shkvarin.     

Growth and luminescent properties of the Ce,Pr doped NaCl single crystals grown by the modified micro-pulling-down method

We have investigated luminescent properties of nondope, Ce and Pr doped NaCl [nondope NaCl, Ce:NaCl, Pr:NaCl] single crystals grown by a modified micro-pulling-down method with a removable chamber system. Nondope, Ce 1% and Pr 1% doped NaCl crystals with a single phase of NaCl structure were obtained and the crystals indicated general crystal quality by the X-ray rocking curve measurement. For the nondope NaCl and Pr:NaCl crystals, the transmittance spectra indicated almost more than 60% in the wavelength from 200 to 800 nm and an absorption of Ce³⁺ ion was observed in the transmittance spectrum of Ce:NaCl crystal. The emission spectrum originated from Ce³⁺ 5d–4f transition appeared around 300 nm in the photoluminescence spectrum and the decay time was 19.7 ns.     

High-intensity femtosecond laser absorption by rare-gas clusters

The energy absorption efficiency of high-intensity (～10^{16}W/cm^2) femtosecond laser pulses in a dense jet of large rare-gas clusters has been measured. Experimental results show that the energy absorption efficiency is strongly dependent on the cluster size and can be higher than 90%. The measurement of the ion energy indicates that the average ion energies of argon and xenon can be as high as 90 and 100keV, respectively. The dependence of the average energy of the ions on the cluster size is also measured. At comparatively low gas backing pressure, the average ion energies of argon and xenon increase with increasing gas backing pressure. The average ion energy of argon becomes saturated gradually with further increase of the gas backing pressure. For xenon, the average ion energy drops a little after the gas backing pressure exceeds 9 bar (3.2×10^5 atoms/cluster). The result showing the existence of a maximum average ion energy has been interpreted within the framework of the microplasma sphere model.     

稀土离子共掺杂的钼酸钙发光材料的合成与光谱性质

采用了化学共沉淀法合成了一系列的镨、铽共掺杂的钼酸钙发光材料,研究了单掺Pr~(3+)和Tb~(3+)以及CaMoO4∶0.03Pr~(3+),yTb~(3+)共掺杂的浓度、温度对材料发光性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和荧光光谱对样品进行了晶格结构、荧光性质表征。XRD分析表明:样品的主衍射峰与标准卡片(JCPDS 29-0351的衍射峰数据一致,说明少量Pr~(3+)掺杂没有改变基质晶格结构。荧光光谱分析表明,样品在275nm紫外光激发下,发射光谱主要包括多个发射峰,波长为488,560,621和652nm,分别对应于镨离子的~3P_0-~3H_4,~3P_0-~3H_5,~1D_2-~3H_4和~3P_0-~3F_2的跃迁,在掺杂量为3%时,样品特征发射峰最强,CaMoO4∶0.03Pr~(3+)和CaMoO4∶0.05Tb~(3+)的最佳煅烧温度分别为800和600℃。随着Pr~(3+)和Tb~(3+)掺入量的增加,CaMoO4∶Pr~(3+)发光材料的特征发射光谱和激发光谱的特征峰强度逐渐减小,而CaMoO4∶Tb~(3+)材料发光先减小后增大,存在着浓度猝灭效应。此外,在CaMoO4∶0.03Pr~(3+),yTb~(3+)发光体系中,Tb~(3+)的共掺杂可显著增强镨离子的特征发射峰,这是由于存在Tb~(3+)→Pr~(3+)的有效的能量传递。