市售保健品中7种醒酒护肝功效成分的毛细管电泳测定

采用胶束电动毛细管电泳-二极管阵列检测器同时检测了市售保健品中儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、二氢杨梅素和甘草酸等7种醒酒护肝功效成分.采用正交设计法对毛细管电泳条件[缓冲剂浓度、添加剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)浓度、添加剂乙腈比例以及电泳缓冲溶液p H]进行了优化.在优化的条件下,7种组分在各自的线性范围内相关系数r≥0.9989,检出限和定量限分别为0.26~2.22μg/g(S/N=3)和0.87~7.39μg/g(S/N=10),日内精密度和日间精密度分别为1.3%~2.5%和1.9%~3.9%,样品加标回收率为91.4%~104.9%,加标样品的相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.4%~3.2%之间.本方法可在8 min内实现7种功效成分的同时检测,能够满足市售醒酒护肝产品的常规分析和质量评价要求.     

高效液相色谱法测定绿茶中茶多酚及咖啡因

应用高效液相色谱法测定绿茶中没食子酸(GA)、咖啡因(CAF)及5种儿茶素类化合物,包括儿茶素(C)、表儿茶素(EC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG)。对国家标准方法GB/T 8313-2008中流动相组成进行了调整,用0.5%乙酸代替2%的乙酸,在AT.Lichrom ODS色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)上进行分离,流量为1.0mL.min-1,在波长278nm处进行紫外检测。7种组分在40min内达到完全分离。7种组分的质量浓度分别在一定的范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系。方法用于绿茶的分析,7种组分的加标回收率在96.0%～102.8%之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测红葡萄酒中功效成分

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定葡萄酒中白藜芦醇、黄酮类、多酚类功效成分的分析方法。葡萄酒样品直接稀释后进样,用C18柱进行分离,以乙腈-0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,通过多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测。13种功效成分在各自线性范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99。除表没食子儿茶素、没食子儿茶素、儿茶素没食子酸酯、花旗松素的检出限为1.0、1.0、3.0、3.0μg/L外,其他9种化合物的检出限均小于1.0μg/L。回收率为80.9%~112.3%,相对标准偏差小于10%。该方法快速、准确、灵敏度高,适用于葡萄酒中功效成分的快速分析。对实际样品的检测表明,所测葡萄酒样品中均含有儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素、没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯/儿茶素没食子酸酯、白藜芦醇、大豆黄素等功效成分,不同品种葡萄酒中这些功效成分含量差异显著。     

超高效液相色谱法测定绿茶中5种儿茶素

建立了绿茶中儿茶素、表儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、表没食子儿茶素和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯含量的超高效液相色谱紫外检测方法。样品采用70℃甲醇-水溶液热水浴下提取。色谱柱为Waters Acquity-BEH C18柱(1.7μm,50 mm×2.5 mm);流动相为乙腈和0.1%甲酸,采用梯度洗脱,乙腈洗脱浓度和时间为:9%(0 min)-9%(4 min)-12%(6 min)-25%(8 min)-9%(9 min)-9%(9.5 min);流速0.25 mL/min;柱温30℃;进样量10μL;检测时间9.5 min;二极管阵列检测器;检测波长278 nm。实验结果表明,在该色谱条件下,5种儿茶素能达到较好的基线分离效果,样品回收率在95.0%～105.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.7%～3.0%(n=5)。     

高效液相色谱法测定茶叶中茶多酚

应用高效液相色谱法测定了茶叶,特别是绿茶中的8种多酚,包括儿荼素(C)、表没食子儿茶素(EGC)、没食子儿荼素(GC)、表儿茶素(EC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、没食子儿荼素没食子酸酯(GCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)及儿茶素没食子酸酯(CG).在C18>反相柱(250 min×4.6 mm,5 μm)上进行分离,用不同体积比混合的流动相A及流动相B的混合液作梯度淋洗,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,柱温为40℃,在280 nm波长处进行紫外检测.上述8组分在0.004～4.0 g·L-范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限在0.6～2.6 mg·L-1范围内,平均回收率为83%.     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定茶叶中六种儿茶素组分的研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定茶叶中L (+) 表儿茶素(L EC),L (-) 表儿茶素没食子酸酯(L ECG),L (-) 表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(L EGCG),L (-) 表没食子儿茶素(L EGC),(+) 没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG),DL 儿茶素(DL C)六种儿茶素组分,以乙醇∶乙酸∶水=14.5∶1.0∶84.5(体积比)为流动相(1.0ml·min-1),C18柱,UV检测器(278nm)。六种儿茶素组分的相对标准偏差分别为0.67%,0.45%,0.24%,0.56%,3.11%,4 41%,回收率分别为95.2%,98.2%,101.3%,97.0%,98.3%,97.5%。该法采用乙醇、乙酸等无毒溶剂作流动相,回收率高,用于实际样品测定,结果满意。     

液质联用法同时测定茶多酚中17种多酚物质

建立了同时测定茶多酚中儿茶素类(儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯)、黄酮类(山奈酚、杨梅素、芹菜素、槲皮苷、异槲皮苷)、花青素类(原花青素)、酚酸类(鞣花酸、绿原酸、没食子酸)4大类多酚物质的液质联用检测方法。色谱柱采用Waters AcquityBEH C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm);流动相为乙腈和0.1%甲酸,乙腈梯度洗脱浓度和时间为:7%(0 min)-7%(3 min)-16%(10 min)-20%(15 min)-30%(16 min)-40%(20 min)-60%(23 min)-100%(24 min);流速:0.3m L/min;柱温:45℃;二极管阵列检测器(PDA)检测波长280 nm;进样量1μL。在浓度范围内各组分的浓度和峰面积之间有良好的线性关系,R20.9983;各组分回收率在99.0%~100.43之间。     

茶中儿茶素的分离分析方法研究进展

儿茶素类是茶叶药效的主要活性组分.天然产生的八大儿茶素为儿茶素(C)、表儿荼素(EC)、没食子儿茶素(GC)、表没食子儿荼素(EGC)、儿茶素没食子酸酯(CG)、表儿荼素没食子酸酯(ECG)、没食子儿荼素没食子酸酯(GCG)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG).本文综述了分离分析茶儿荼素的常用有效方法.     

HPLC法测定茶叶水提液中五种儿茶素和咖啡碱及其用于茶叶分类的研究

建立高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器(HPLC/DAD)同时测定茶叶中(-)-没食子儿茶素(GC),(-)-表没食子儿茶素(EGC),(-)-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG),(-)-表儿茶素(EC),(-)-表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG),咖啡碱(caffeine)6种组分的分析方法,并采用聚类分析探讨以这6种活性成分为指标对茶叶进行分类的方法。采用C18柱,甲醇和0.05%三氟乙酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,DAD双波长(210、278 nm)同时检测,采用标准物质保留时间和电喷雾飞行时间质谱(ESI TOF-MS)双重定性。结果表明,各组分的色谱峰均达到基线分离,在210 nm对(-)-没食子儿茶素(GC)定量,278 nm对其它组分定量准确。该法重复性好,灵敏度高,回收率高,已用于不同种类的33种实际茶叶样品的测定。以这6种活性成分的含量为指标,采用聚类分析法可对33个红茶、黑茶、绿茶、乌龙茶样本进行合理分类,并能反映茶叶品质的差异。     

高效液相色谱法分析元宝枫叶中儿茶素类物质

本文建立了元宝枫树叶中儿茶素种类及其含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定方法。采用反相C18色谱柱,以甲醇/水(含0.5%乙酸)=25/75(V/V)为流动相,对没食子儿茶素(GC)、表没食子儿茶素(EGC)、儿茶素(C)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、表儿茶素(EC)和没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG)进行定性、定量分析;以甲醇/水(含0.5%乙酸)=35/65(V/V)为流动相,对表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)和儿茶素没食子酸酯(CG)进行定性分析,柱温均为35℃,检测波长为278 nm,流速为1.0mL/min。结果表明:元宝枫叶中有EGC、EC和GCG,其它五种则无。EGC平均含量为0.0389 mg/g,方法精密度(RSD)为0.42%(n=6);EC平均含量为0.0289 mg/g,方法RSD为1.5%(n=6);GCG平均含量为0.284 mg/g,方法RSD为0.32%(n=6)。该方法简便、准确、分离效果好,为元宝枫叶开发成茶叶、饮料以及医疗保健品提供重要依据。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.