利用激光超声光栅衍射光谱测定汞光的波长

介绍了一种简便易行的测量光波波长的新方法.测量和研究了汞光及氦氖激光在乙醇(97%)形成的超声光栅中的衍射光谱,并根据氦氖激光的波长,计算了汞光中黄、绿、蓝三色光的波长,并与它们的标准值进行了比较,相对误差分别为0.38%、1.0%、0.60%.     

高灵敏度的量子迈克耳孙干涉仪

迈克耳孙干涉仪不仅可以用来研究物理学的基本问题,而且能够用于精密测量,比如引力波信号的测量.因此,构建高灵敏度的迈克耳孙干涉仪是实现微弱信号测量的关键.目前,人们利用压缩态可以降低迈克耳孙干涉仪的噪声;通过光学四波混频过程能够放大马赫·曾德尔干涉仪中的相位信号,从而提高干涉仪的信噪比和灵敏度.本文研究了一种用于高灵敏度相位测量的量子迈克耳孙干涉仪.在迈克耳孙干涉仪中,利用非简并光学参量放大器取代干涉仪中的线性光学分束器;并且将压缩态注入干涉仪的真空通道,可以得到高信噪比和高灵敏度的干涉仪.由于存在不可避免的光学损耗,分析了迈克耳孙干涉仪内部和外部的损耗对相位测量灵敏度的影响.通过理论计算研究了干涉仪的相位测量灵敏度随系统参数的变化关系,得到了高灵敏度的相位测量量子迈克耳孙干涉仪的实现条件,为用于精密测量的干涉仪的设计提供了直接参考.     

迈克耳孙干涉实验

描述了迈克耳孙干涉仪的结构、原理和调节方法,对非定域干涉和定域干涉的成像过程和干涉条纹特点进行了分析,实现了氦氖激光波长和透明玻璃薄片折射率的测量实验,并对透明玻璃薄片折射率测量实验的调节方法和实验现象进行了详细讨论.     

迈克耳孙干涉仪自动测量系统设计

传统的迈克耳孙干涉仪实验需要人工转动微调手轮使动镜移动,需要人工读数获取动镜位移信息,人工计数获取干涉条纹吞吐的数目,不仅容易导致观察者视觉疲劳,而且很容易导致计数错误,引起较大的实验误差.因此,本文设计了基于单片机的迈克耳孙干涉仪自动测量系统,利用直流减速电机带动微调手轮转动使动镜发生位移;利用光敏电阻模块将干涉条纹的移动转换为条纹计数脉冲供单片机计数并显示;利用码盘和红外对射计数传感器模块将微调手轮的转动转换为位移计数脉冲供单片机计数并显示.实验表明:利用迈克耳孙干涉仪自动测量系统测量He-Ne激光波长的相对误差为0.21%,远小于人工测量的相对误差3.0%.     

基于迈克耳孙干涉仪的自相关仪

根据大学物理光学中迈克耳孙干涉仪的基本原理,设计实现了基于迈克耳孙干涉仪的自相关仪.分析了利用自相关仪的干涉自相关进行超短激光脉冲测量的原理;进行了实验测试,实现了对超短激光脉冲时间宽度的测量.     

利用迈克耳孙干涉仪测量滤光片特性参数

滤光片是一种能够从白光或其他复色光中分选出一定波长范围光的光学元件,其主要参数为中心波长和带宽.本文利用迈克耳孙干涉仪搭建了傅里叶变换光谱仪,测量了窄带滤光片的特性参数,并和传统的衍射光栅法进行了对比分析.使用迈克耳孙干涉仪搭建的傅里叶变换光谱仪获得光谱的过程无需已知光谱灯的校准,得到的窄带滤光片特性参数更为精确,且能够更加综合地锻炼学生的实验能力.     

“ 吞”或“ 吐”条纹数量对迈克耳孙干涉仪测量 的 H e N e激光波长准确度的影响

迈克耳孙干涉仪测量氦氖激光器波长是大学物理实验的一个重要部分. 它是利用干涉条纹计数法, 即 通过记录中心条纹“ 吞”或“ 吐”的数量, 来测量激光波长     

LED光源谱线宽度测试实验

设计了LED光源谱线宽度测试实验,利用迈克耳孙干涉仪、LED光谱测试系统2套实验装置对LED光源的波长、相干长度和谱线宽度作了对比性测量.     

基于迈克耳孙干涉的氦氖激光模式研究

本文利用迈克耳孙干涉实验研究了氦氖激光的模式特性.结合法布里-珀罗扫描干涉仪与自搭迈氏干涉实验进行研究,分析了氦氖激光的偏振模式与频率漂移特性,并从理论上解释了实验中观察到的干涉圆环图像自行发生的明暗变化与圆环吞吐的现象.从而对氦氖激光的多纵模特点有了更深的了解.     

迈克耳孙干涉测波长的不确定度分析

在分析了迈克耳孙干涉仪测量光波波长误差的来源的基础上,给出了新的波长不确定度的计算方法．     

Application of laser ultrasonic technique for non-contact detection of drilling-induced delamination in aeronautical composite components

The detection of drilling-induced delamination in composite components is a vital and challenging task in aviation industry. Numerous key components of aircrafts are made of composite materials, and drilling is often a final operation during assembly. Drilling-induced delamination is a very serious defect that significantly reduces the structural reliability, but it is rather difficult to be detected effectively due to its special location. A novel application of laser ultrasonic technique for the detection of drilling-induced delamination in composites is presented in this paper. A carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminate with drilling holes was made as specimen. A laser ultrasonic system was constructed and experiments were performed to detect the drilling-induced delamination, based on propagation characteristic of ultrasonic waves generated by pulse laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and pulse duration of 10 ns. A laser interferometer based on two wave mixing is used to measure ultrasonic wave signals, and the morphology features of the delamination are imaged clearly by laser ultrasonic C-scan testing. The results proved that the laser ultrasonic technique is a feasible and effective method for the detection of drilling-induced delamination in composite components.     

Determining quality of graphite electrodes for electric arc furnaces by measuring ultrasonic velocity

Measuring ultrasonic velocity is an efficient means of determining electrode quality for electric arc furnaces. Close correlation between ultrasonic velocity and the physico-mechanical characteristics of the electrodes was obtained by statistical analysis.The variation of ultrasonic velocity is shown for different fabrication stages of graphite electrodes as a function of their mechanical characteristics and structure. We also present some aspects of the experimental work and apparatus used.     

双频氦氖激光回馈位移测量系统的实验与应用研究

研究了一种全新的纳米尺度位移测量系统。将双折射元件插入He-Ne激光器谐振腔内产生频率分裂效应，使原本单模谐振的激光器输出变成了频差可调的2个正交偏振频率（o光和e光），而形成双频激光器。在激光谐振腔外放置沿激光轴线位移的反射表面，将输出的激光束反射回腔内，以便对激光的光强进行调制，可实现高分辨率非接触式可判向位移测量。提出了一种细分方法，该方法突破了传统干涉系统的衍射极限（1/2波长）。对于633nm波长He-Ne激光，本系统的理想分辨率为1/8波长（约为79nm）。     

Switchable holographic gratings formed in polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal cells by use of a He-Ne laser

We report on the formation of switchable holographic transmission gratings in polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal cells by use of the 633-nm wavelength of a He-Ne laser. We present results for the structure, diffraction efficiency, and switching characteristics of the gratings.     

基于分光计平台的激光波长测量装置的设计

设计了一台测量激光波长的装置,利用分光计平台、光栅及光强探测器较为精确的测出了氦氖激光波长。装置结构简单,测量精度高,可在大学物理实验室推广。     

He-Ne激光对增强UV-B辐射拟南芥抗氧化系统的损伤修复

以培养6周左右的拟南芥为材料,采用UV-B辐射（剂量1 KJ/m2/d）和He-Ne激光器（波长632.8 nm,输出功率5 mW·mm2,辐照时间60 s）对材料进行处理,分成CK（没有经过UV-B或激光辐照）组、B(UV-B辐射)组、BL（UV-B和激光复合处理）组和L（激光辐照）组4个不同处理组.结果表明:增强的UV-B辐射拟南芥幼苗导致MDA(Malondialdehyde)、超氧阴离子含量升高,GSH(Glutathione)含量降低,PAL(phenylalanine ammomia-lyase)、CAT(catalase)和APX(ascorbate peroxidase)活性升高,SOD(supemxide dismutas)活性降低.单独He-Ne激光处理使MDA、超氧阴离子含量降低,GSH的含量升高,SOD、APX、CAT的活性升高,PAL的活性降低.UV-B辐射后再用He-Ne激光进行后处理,发现与单独UV-B辐照处理相比,MDA、超氧阴离子含量降低,GSH含量升高,SOD、APX、CAT的活性升高了,PAL的活性降低了.因此激光在一定程度上提高了拟南芥叶片抗氧化能力,在此基础上讨论了其可能的形成机理.     

Reflecting polarizing beam splitter

We propose and experimentally demonstrate the use of metal-covered lamellar relief gratings as a polarizing beam splitter operating at a single wavelength near Littrow incidence. We report the characteristics of a grating produced by holography and reactive ion etching that was calculated for operation as beam splitter at lambda = 633 nm (for a He-Ne laser).     

用双棱镜测激光波长的简单方法

对传统的双棱镜测激光波长实验进行改进,用He-Ne激光器代替钠灯,去掉狭缝,用屏或墙代替移测显微镜,并采用一次成像法测两虚光源间的距离.改进后的装置简便易行,现象明显.     

Study of mode propagation with 632.8-nm laser in tapered fiber

The material dispersion of a tapered fiber is described by Sellmeier＇s equation. The dependence of refractive index on wavelength and doping concentration is discussed. A He-Ne laser with the output wavelength of 632.8 nm is used in the experiment. When the cutoff frequency of the fiber is less than the laser frequency, the guiding modes of a singl~-mode fiber （at 1550 am） are investigated. The results show that the original single-mode fiber becomes a multi-mode waveguide. The propagation and mode coupling of the light in the taper region are analyzed. By controlling the taper end size of the fiber, the unique tapered fiber can convert a multi-mode beam into a single-mode one.     

用迈克尔逊干涉仪测量He-Ne激光波长的测量不确定度分析

针对迈克尔逊干涉实验中测出的He-Ne激光的波长值总是比真实值偏大的问题,分析了用迈克尔逊干涉仪测量He-Ne激光波长时的实验误差来源,发现实验光路调整的不理想以及仪器读数装置中残留的螺纹空程差是导致λ值偏大的主要原因。在此基础上提出了相应的改进办法,并且对测量不确定度进行了合理的估算。