Stochastic resonance in an asymmetric bistable system driven by multiplicative and additive Gaussian noise and its application in bearing fault detection

The phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) in a new asymmetric bistable model is investigated. Firstly, a new asymmetric bistable model with an asymmetric term is proposed based on traditional bistable model and the influence of system parameters on the asymmetric bistable potential function is studied. Secondly, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as the index of evaluating the model are researched. Thirdly, Applying the two-state theory and the adiabatic approximation theory, the analytical expressions of SNR is derived for the asymmetric bistable system driven by a periodic signal, unrelated multiplicative and additive Gaussian noise. Finally, the asymmetric bistable stochastic resonance (ABSR) is applied to the bearing fault detection and compared with classical bistable stochastic resonance (CBSR) and classical tri-stable stochastic resonance (CTSR). The numerical computations results show that:(1) the curve of SNR as a function of the additive Gaussian noise and multiplicative Gaussian noise first increased and then decreased with the different influence of the parameters a, b, r and A; This demonstrates that the phenomenon of SR can be induced by system parameters; (2) by parameter compensation method, the ABSR performs better in bearing fault detection than the CBSR and CTSR with merits of higher output SNR, better anti-noise and frequency response capability.     

The role of soft versus hard bistable systems on stochastic resonance using average cycle energy as a quantifier

Using the input energy per cycle as a quantifier of stochastic resonance (SR), we show that SR is observed in superharmonic (hard) potentials. However, it is not observed in subharmonic (soft) potentials, even though the potential is bistable. These results are consistent with recent observations based on amplitude of average position as a quantifier. In both soft and hard potentials, we observe resonance phenomenon as a function of the driving frequency. The nature of probability distributions of average work are qualitatively different for soft and hard potentials.     

Coherence and stochastic resonance in a delayed bistable system

Both coherence resonance (CR) and stochastic resonance (SR) in a delayed bistable system driven by additive and multiplicative white noises and a weak harmonic excitation are studied by using the theory of two-state model. For the weak noise intensity and delayed feedback, the analytic expressions of power-spectrum and linear-spectrum amplification are derived to quantify the CR and the SR, respectively. The study shows that the peak in the power spectrum at the frequency corresponding to the time delay attains the maximum for an appropriate amount of additive noise intensity and the CR manifests. The feedback gain plays an important role in the SR. For example, the positive feedback gain enhances the SR, but the negative feedback gain suppresses the system output and makes the SR disappear. Moreover, the system also exhibits the frequency SR.     

Stochastic resonance in finite arrays of bistable elements with local coupling

In this article, we investigate the stochastic resonance (SR) effect in a finite array of noisy bistable systems with nearest-neighbor coupling driven by a weak time-periodic driving force. The array is characterized by a collective variable. By means of numerical simulations, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the gain are estimated as functions of the noise and the interaction coupling strength. A strong enhancement of the SR phenomenon for this collective variable in comparison with SR in single unit bistable systems is observed. Gains larger than unity are obtained for some parameter values and multi-frequency driving forces, indicating that the system is operating in a non-linear regime albeit the smallness of the driving amplitude. The large SNR values observed are basically due to the fact that the output fluctuations are small and short lived, in comparison with their typical values in a linear regime. A non-monotonic behavior of the SNR with the coupling strength is also obtained.     

Effect of Asymmetry in a Bistable System Subject to Multiplicative Colored Noise

By the method of the stochastic energetics, we investigate the stochastic resonance (SR) phenomenon of an overdamped Brown particle in an asymmetric bistable potential, driven by external periodical signal and multiplicative noise. The expressions have been obtained for the quasi-steady-state probability distribution function. It is found that the input energy (IE) pumped into the system by the external driving shows an SR-like behavior as a function of the noise strength, whereas the IE turns to be a monotonic function of the correlation time of the noise. The effect of potential asymmetry is also studied on SR and IE.     

Stochastic resonance in chaotic systems

The phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) is investigated for chaotic systems perturbed by white noise and a harmonic force. The bistable discrete map and the Lorenz system are considered as models. It is shown that SR in chaotic systems can be realized via both parameter variation (in the absence of noise) and by variation of the noise intensity with fixed values of the other parameters.     

二次采样随机共振频谱研究与应用初探

研究了双稳系统随机共振频谱的洛伦兹分布特征，得出在谱分布能量较集中的低频区才能产生可辨识的随机共振谱峰. 探讨了大参数信号双稳系统的二次采样随机共振的频谱特性. 以强噪声中弱信号的检测为实例，阐述了二次采样随机共振技术的具体应用. 关键词： 随机共振 二次采样随机共振 双稳系统 频谱     

Memory effects on stochastic resonance

We study the phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) in a bistable system with internal colored noise. In this situation the system possesses time-dependent memory friction connected with noise via the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, so that in the absence of periodic driving the system approaches the thermodynamic equilibrium state. For this non-Markovian case we find that memory usually suppresses stochastic resonance. However, for a large memory time SR can be enhanced by the memory.     

Limit cycles for extended bistable stochastic resonance system

Bistable system is a typical model in stochastic resonance (SR) researching. And it has been known that the deterministic dynamics of a noised system plays an important role in making SR phenomena occur. By embedding a non-autonomous system onto a cylinder, or extending the one-dimensional non-autonomous system as a three-dimensional autonomous system restricted on a cylinder, this paper theoretically analyzes the dynamics of the well-known periodically driven bistable system. After three limit cycles (equivalent to the periodic states of the un-extended system) are proved existent for subthreshold case, they are shown to be preserved even in the suprathreshold case with large driving frequency. Moreover, it is also proved in suprathreshold case that the three ones keep touching each other and combine into one larger globally stable limit cycle as the driving frequency decreases to some certain degree.     

双稳随机共振参数特性的研究

以双稳系统为研究对象，探讨了影响和产生双稳随机共振的参数选择特性.双稳系统参数和二次采样频率参数有着内在的物理联系，它们的改变都会引起势垒、势阱间距和粒子跃迁速率的改变，并使噪声能量相对重新分配，进而影响随机共振效果.根据随机共振的参数选择规律，可通过适当的参数选择来得到最佳的随机共振状态，为后续数据处理奠定基础.     

Signal detection for frequency-shift keying via short-time stochastic resonance

A series of short-time stochastic resonance (SR) phenomena, realized in a bistable receiver, can be utilized to detect a train of information represented by signals that adopt frequency-shift keying (FSK). It is demonstrated that the values of noise intensity at resonance regions are close for adjacent periodic signals with an appropriate frequency separation. This establishes the possibility of decoding subthreshold or slightly suprathreshold M-ary FSK signals in bistable receivers. Furthermore, the mechanism of FSK signal detection via short-time SR effects is elucidated in terms of the receiver response speed. This phenomenon provides a possible mechanism for information processing in a bistable device operating in nonstationary noisy environments, where even the inputs appear over a short timescale or have a frequency shift.     

基于Kramers逃逸速率的调参随机共振机理

根据Kramers逃逸速率的特性,阐明了随机共振信号的频率被限制在Kramers逃逸速率极限值一半的范围内,这种限制是制约大频率信号产生随机共振的原因.在进一步揭示二次采样随机共振频率尺度变换机理的基础上,证明了二次采样频率尺度可以把任意信号频率映射变换到随机共振频率尺度上的结论.相对于二次采样变换方法,由于双稳系统参数的调节很难使Kramers逃逸速率的一半达到实际信号的大频率,因此系统参数只能在随机共振的小参数频率范围内调节来实现随机共振. 关键词： 双稳随机共振 二次采样频率变换 系统参数调节 Kramers逃逸速率     

A Study on Stochastic Resonance in Biased Subdiffusive SmoluchowskiSystems within Linear Response Range

The method of matrix continued fraction is used to investigatestochastic resonance (SR) in the biased subdiffusive Smoluchowskisystem within linear response range. Numerical results of lineardynamic susceptibility and spectral amplification factor are presented and discussed in two-well potential and mono-well potential with different subdiffusion exponents. Following our observation, the introduction of a bias in the potential weakens the SR effect in the subdiffusive system just as in the normal diffusive case. Our observation also discloses that the subdiffusion inhibits the low-frequency SR, but it enhances the high-frequency SR in thebiased Smoluchowski system, which should reflect a ``flattening"influence of the subdiffusion on the linear susceptibility.     

双稳调参高频共振机理

针对双稳系统的高频信号响应,探讨了双稳调参的高频共振机理.研究表明,二次采样频率变换并不改变双稳结构直接在原系统结构上在与高频映射对应的低频处实现共振,而双稳系统参数调节是调参改变双稳结构并直接在高频处实现共振.双稳系统参数调节之所以能够实现高频随机共振,是因为同时调节双稳系统两参数可使Kramers逃逸速率不存在极限值,突破了随机共振信号频率必须在小频率范围内的限制. 关键词： 双稳系统 高频共振 二次采样频率变换 系统参数调节     

Stochastic resonance in an under-damped bistable system driven by harmonic mixing signal

Stochastic resonance(SR) is studied in an under-damped bistable system driven by the harmonic mixing signal and Gaussian white noise. Using the linear response theory(LRT), the expressions of the spectral amplification at fundamental and higher-order harmonic are obtained. The effects of damping coefficient, noise intensity, signal amplitude, and frequency on spectral amplifications are explored. Meanwhile, the power spectral density(PSD) and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) are calculated to quantify SR and verify the theoretical results. The SNRs at the first and second harmonics exhibit a minimum first and a maximum later with increasing noise intensity. That is, both of the noise-induced suppression and resonance can be observed by choosing proper system parameters. Especially, when the ratio of the second harmonic amplitude to the fundamental one takes a large value, the SNR at the fundamental harmonic is a monotonic function of noise intensity and the SR phenomenon disappears.     

Noise-induced dynamics in a delayed bistable system with correlated noises

The resonance behaviors, such as coherence resonance and stochastic resonance, are studied in a delayed bistable system subject to correlated noises and a weak harmonic excitation. For weak noise intensities and small feedback gains, the analytic expressions of output spectrum and linear spectrum amplification are derived based on the theory proposed by Tsimring [14] [L.S. Tsimring, A. Pikovsky, Noise-induced dynamics in bistable systems with delay, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 250602]. The results show that the peak in the output spectrum at the frequency corresponding to the time delay attains the maximum for an intermediate amount of noise intensity and the coherence resonance appears. The correlation between noises can induce the suppression and the stochastic resonance in the curve of spectrum amplification, which is absent for the case of uncorrelated additive and multiplicative noises. Moreover, the system also exhibits the frequency stochastic resonance.     

Noise-created bistability and stochastic resonance of impurities diffusing in a semiconductor layer

We investigate the dynamics of impurities walking along a semiconductor layer assisted by thermal noise of strength D and external harmonic potential V(x). Applying a nonhomogeneous hot temperature in the vicinity of the potential minimum may modify the external potential into a bistable effective potential. We propose the ways of mobilizing and eradicating the unwanted impurities along the semiconductor layer. Furthermore, the thermally activated rate of hopping for the impurities as a function of the model parameters is studied in high barrier limit. Via two state approximation, we also study the stochastic resonance (SR) of the impurities dynamics where the same noise source that induces the dynamics also induces the transition from mono-stable to bistable state which leads to SR in the presence of time varying field.     

Parameter dependence of stochastic resonance in the stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley neuron

Recently, the phenomena of stochastic resonance (SR) have attracted much attention in the studies of the excitable systems under inherent noise, in particular, nervous systems. We study SR in a stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley neuron under Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise and periodic stimulus, focusing on the dependence of properties of SR on stimulus parameters. We find that the dependence of the critical forcing amplitude on the frequency of the periodic stimulus shows a bell-shaped structure with a minimum at the stimulus frequency, which is quite different from the monotonous dependence observed in the bistable system at a small frequency range. The frequency dependence of the critical forcing amplitude is explained in connection with the firing onset bifurcation curve of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron in the deterministic situation. The optimal noise intensity for maximal amplification is also found to show a similar structure.