Minimum magnetocapacitance of a screened two-dimensional electron gas

A theory for the magnetocapacitance of a partially screened two-dimensional (2D) electron gas is proposed. The model investigated is sensitive to different types of screening in a 2D electron gas with an integer filling factor: the so-called conventional approach and the self-consistent approximation introduced in the present paper. The calculations point to the importance of the self-consistent treatment of the magnetocapacitance of a 2D electron gas under the conditions of an integer filling factor. The final self-consistent results are qualitatively consistent with the available experimental data. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 39, 742–745 (April 1997)     

Quark confinement in 2+1 dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory

We report some progress on the quark confinement problem in 2 + 1 dim. pure Yang-Mills theory, using Euclidean instanton methods. The instantons are regularized Wu-Yang ‘monopoles’, whose long range Coulomb field is screened by collective effects. Such configurations are stable to small perturbations unlike the case of singular, undressed monopoles. Using exact non-perturbative results for the 3-dim. Coulomb gas, where Debye screening holds for arbitrarily low temperatures, we show in a self-consistent way that a mass gap is dynamically generated in the gauge theory. The mass gap also determines the size of the monopoles. We also identify the disorder operator of the model in terms of the Sine-Gordon field of the Coulomb gas and hence obtain a dual representation whose symmetry is the centre ofSU(2).     

Screening of the elastic field in a dislocation ensemble

The phenomenon of screening of the elastic field of screw dislocations is investigated on the basis of a system of self-consistent field equations for a dislocation ensemble. Expressions are derived for the effective dislocation interaction potential, the screening length, and the average elastic field energy associated with the correlation interaction of dislocations. An expression for the correlation dislocation flux is formulated in the slightly inhomogeneous case. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 39, 1575–1579 (September 1997)     

Inclusion of a nonzero volume fraction of the new phase in the kinetics of crystallization of melts

The growth rate of nuclei is calculated in self-consistent mean field approximation with allowance for the screening of a selected nucleus from heat fluxes, and an expression is obtained for the screening length of the heat flux. It is shown that the growth rate of a nucleus depends on the degree of crystallization of the melt. The influence on the crystallization process of collisions of the particles as they coalesce into a polycrystalline solid is investigated. A refinement of the size distribution function in the thermal Ostwald ripening stage is obtained. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 69, 53–58 (July 1999)     

Fully Self-Consistent RPA Description of the Many Level Pairing Model

The self-consistent RPA (SCRPA) equations in the particle-particle channel are solved without any approximation for the picket fence model. The results are in excellent agreement with the exact solutions found with the Richardson method. Particularly interesting features are that screening corrections reverse the sign of the interaction and that SCRPA yields the exact energies in the case of two levels with two particles.     

Phonon dispersion relations,effective interionic potential and liquid resistivity of Al

Phonon dispersion relations and effective interionic potential for solid Al are calculated using the nonlocal optimized model potential of Shaw screened with the improved self-consistent dielectric function of Vashishta and Singwi. A very good agreement is obtained between the calculated and experimental phonon frequencies. Comparison is made using three other dielectric functions. It turns out that in Al the interionic potential is very sensitive to the screening function. Also electrical resistivity of liquid Al has been calculated using the model potential when screened with the four different dielectric functions. Influence of the spatial distribution of depletion charge at the ion site is discussed. A comparative study of nonlocal and local potentials by taking two local potentials: (1) modified point-ion, and (2) empty core, screened with the self-consistent dielectric function, is also presented.     

Analytical solution of the Boltzmann--Poisson equation and its application to MIS tunneling junctions

In order to consider quantum transport under the influence of an electron--electron (e--e) interaction in a mesoscopic conductor, the Boltzmann equation and Poisson equation are investigated jointly. The analytical expressions of the distribution function for the Boltzmann equation and the self-consistent average potential concerned with e--e interaction are obtained, and the dielectric function appearing in the self-consistent average potential is naturally generalized beyond the Thomas--Fermi approximation. Then we apply these results to the tunneling junctions of a metal--insulator--semiconductor (MIS) in which the electrons are accumulated near the interface of the semiconductor, and we find that the e--e interaction plays an important role in the transport procedure of this system. The electronic density, electric current as well as screening Coulombic potential in this case are studied, and we reveal the time and position dependence of these physical quantities explicitly affected by the e--e interaction.     

Exchange and correlation effects in electronic excitations of Cu(2)O

State-of-the-art theoretical methods fail in describing the optical absorption spectrum, band gap, and optical onset of Cu(2)O. We have extended a recently proposed self-consistent quasiparticle approach, based on the GW approximation, to the calculation of optical spectra, including excitonic effects. The band structure compares favorably with our present angle-resolved photoemission measurements. The excitonic effects based on these realistic band structure and screening provide a reliable optical absorption spectrum, which allows for a revised interpretation of its main structures.     

Temperature dependence of the coupled electron–ripplon resonance spectrum of electron crystal over liquid helium

Spectra of coupled electron–ripplon oscillation of two-dimensional (2D) Wigner crystal with the surface electron density n_s=6.4×10⁸ cm⁻² (melting temperature of 0.58 K) are measured under conditions of both complete and noncomplete screening of the holding electric field in temperature range 0.08–0.4 K. The frequencies of the resonances are compared with the results of calculation in the frameworks of a self-consistent theory by Monarkha and Shikin. It is shown that the amplitude of the (0,1) resonance mode tends to 0 as temperature reaches the melting temperature.     

Coherent development of neutrino flavor in the supernova environment

We calculate coherent neutrino and antineutrino flavor transformation in the supernova environment, for the first time including self-consistent coupling of intersecting neutrino and antineutrino trajectories. For neutrino mass-squared difference /deltam2/ = 3 x 10(-3) eV2 we find that in the normal (inverted) mass hierarchy the more tangentially-propagating (radially-propagating) neutrinos and antineutrinos can initiate collective, simultaneous medium-enhanced flavor conversion of these particles across broad ranges of energy and propagation direction. Accompanying alterations in neutrino and antineutrino energy spectra and fluxes could affect supernova nucleosynthesis and the expected neutrino signal.     

On size and shape of the average meson fields in the semibosonized Nambu & Jona-Lasinio model

We consider the bosonized form of a two-flavor Nambu & Jona-Lasinio model involving scalar-isoscalar and pseudoscalar-isovector quark-quark interaction. Solitonic meson fields are obtained by minimizing the effective Euclidean action. In dependence on the constituent quark mass, which is the only free parameter in the model, we evaluate a series of meson profiles and compare them with a properly parameterized reference profile. We show that the self-consistent fields do in fact practically not depend on the constituent quark mass. Their shape can be very well approximated by this reference profile which interpolates between the correct asymptotic behavior for small and large radii. To demonstrate the accuracy of the approximation we evaluate several static properties like energy, mean square radius, axial-vector constant and delta-nucleon mass splitting using both self-consistent and reference profiles. The agreement is found to be very well in the physically relevant mass region.     

Some remarks on the electronic configuration of a metal-adsorbate system

The screening parameter k(s) appearing in the potential energy of a massive point charge near a metal surface is calculated as a function of adatom-metal separation s. It is shown how the parameters needed for self-consistent determination of effective charge on adion near a metal surface change when k(s) and the approximate formula for the modified image potential energy of a unit point charge outside the metal are used, instead of the classical image potential.     

Statistical mechanics of zero-dimensional ginzburglandau fields: Accuracy of the screening approximation

The screening approximation of Ferrell and Scalapino (n ^/s-1 expansion) is tested in the exactly soluble zero-dimensional case. The expansion is carried to fifth order inn ^?1, where, forn = 2, it appears to start diverging. Forn=1 divergence sets in at the second-order term. The“self-consistent” screening approximation of Bray and Rickayzen converges more rapidly but is more difficult to apply in higher dimensionalities. The usefulness of the zero-dimensional case for checking the enumeration of the Feynman graphs which appear in third and higher order is emphasized.     

ISOMERSHIFT CALIBRATION OF Fe NUCLEUS BY SELF-CONSISTENT ALL-ELECTRON LAPW BAND CALCULATION

Accurate band calculation for α-Fe is used to determine the isomershift calibration of Fe nucleus.The semi-relativistic, all-electron, self-consistent Iinearized augmented planewaye (LAPW) method is employed in band calculations for lattices with different spacings. The ratio of the calculated difference of the electron contact density to the volume change, and the experimental pressure dependence of the isomer- shift are used to deduce the calibration constant. The result thus obtained to be-0.26±0.02mm.sec^-1(au)³,is in good agreement with the recent cluster calculation.The screening effect is shown to play an essential role,and the necessity for an all-electron self-consistent calculation is emphasized.     

核内核子－核子非弹散射截面（Ⅱ）

在自洽的相对论框架内，研究了介质的屏蔽效应对核内核子－核子非弹散射截面的影响．     

Quantum electrodynamics for vector mesons

Quantum electrodynamics for rho mesons is considered. It is shown that, at the tree level, the value of the gyromagnetic ratio of the rho+ is fixed to 2 in a self-consistent effective quantum field theory. Further, the mixing parameter of the photon and the neutral vector meson is equal to the ratio of electromagnetic and strong couplings, leading to the mass difference M(rho0)-M(rho+/-) approximately 1 MeV at tree order.     

Screening of a charged particle field in rarefied ionized gas

A self-consistent field of a charged micron-size particle placed in a rarefied ionized gas is created by both free ions moving along infinite trajectories and trapped ions moving in closed orbits. The character of screening of the particle field is analyzed under dynamic conditions in a nonequilibrium plasma where the temperature (or the mean energy) of electrons greatly exceeds the ion temperature. Under these conditions, trapped ions are generated in a restricted region of the particle field where the transitions between closed ion orbits resulting from resonant charge exchange dominate. This leads to a higher number density of trapped ions compared to that of free ions. The parameters of the self-consistent field of the particle and ions are found when free or trapped ions determine the screening of the particle field, and a similarity law is established for a simultaneous variation of the number density of plasma particles and the particle size. In dusty plasmas of the Solar System, which result from the interaction of the solar wind with dust, formation of trapped ions increases the plasma number density compared to that in the solar wind.     

Investigation of Self-Consistent Relativistic Microscopic Optical Potential

In Dirac-Brueckner calculations for nuclear matter,the average binding energy per nucleon versus density curve is not uniquely defined if coupling to anti-particle is neglected.According to the Hugenholtz-Van Hove theorem,a constraint requires that the nucleon separation energy equals to the fermi energy at saturation density.Choosing saturation energy as empirical value E_B/A=－15.8MeV,the self-consistent calculation leads to the saturation density k_f=1.41fm^－1 and effective mass m*=0.52m,in compressive coefficient k=208MeV.Applying the first law of thermodynamics,self-consistent effective mass (real scalar potential) and the binding energy per nucleon as function of the nuclear density can be obtained.With the realistic nucleon-nucleon interaction (Bonn potential),the vector potential can be obtained from solving the RBBG equation,which weakly depends on the momentum.The cross section and spin observables of the nucleon-nucleus scattering are studied with this new self-consistent relativistic microscopic optical potential.     

Integral-Type Darboux Transformations for the mKdV Hierarchy with Self-Consistent Sources

We present integral-type Darboux transformation for the mKdV hierarchy and for the mKdV hierarchy withself-consistent sources. In contrast with the normal Darboux transformation, the integral-type Darboux transformationscan offer non-auto-Backlund transformation between two (2n 1)-th mKdV equations with self-consistent sources withdifferent degrees. This kind of Darboux transformation enables us to construct the N-soliton solution for the mKdVhierarchy with self-consistent sources. We also propose the formulas for the m times repeated integral-type Darbouxtransformations for both mKdV hierarchy and mKdV hierarchy with self-consistent sources.