BF3的同步辐射光电离研究

利用同步辐射光源在超声射流条件下对ＢＦ３进行了光电离研究。在５０～８０ｎｍ内，观测到ＢＦ２＾＋和ＢＦ３＾＋的光电离效率曲线（ＰＩＥ）呈现丰富的自电离结构，分析表明，它们对应于ＢＦ３分子的ｎｓ、ｎｐ和ｎｄ系列的高Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ结构，经光谱分析获得了相应的Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ态参数。     

关于确定原子电离阈方法的进一步探讨

本文改进了Ｅｄｌｅｎ提出的由光谱数据推求Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ系列电离阈的方法，并且指出在δ（量子数亏损）－Ｔ（谱项值）图上可显示出正确的电离阈值。     

NH3的同步辐射光电离

用同步辐射光在１０．０－１１．８ｅＶ能量范围内测量了ＮＨ３的光电离效率曲线，观察到在台阶状的离子振动谱上叠加了丰富的自电离结构。通过相应振动结构分析，得到ＮＨ３分子离子基电子态的振动波数ωｅ和非谐性常数（ωｅχｅ），对于出现的自电离结构可归类于ｎｓａ１（ｎ＝５，６），ｎｐａ１（ｎ＝５，６）和ｎｐｅ（ｎ＝６，７）Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ系列。     

原子镁的电子碰撞电离

使用Ｒ－矩阵方法，在扭曲库仑－玻恩非交换近似下（ＤＣＢＮＸ）采用二态密耦图象，计算了原子镁从电离阈值附近到１００ｅＶ范围的电子碰撞电离截面。从能量微分截面可看到明显的Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ系列共振。     

原子Na和离子Mg^1＋的电子碰撞电离

用Ｒ－矩阵方法，在三态密耦近似下计算了原子Ｎａ和离子Ｎｇ１＋的电子碰撞电离截面，并给出了不同过程的能量损失微分截面ｄＱ／ｄＥ，从结果我们看到明显的Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ系列共振，并且当能量较低时总截面结果与实验符合得较好     

类硼离子N^2＋的电子碰撞电离—单通道截面的共振增加

使用Ｒ－矩阵方法，在库仑－玻恩非交换近似下（ＤＣＢＮＸ）采用三态密耦图象，计算了类硼离子Ｎ２＋的电子碰撞电离截面，并给出了总的能量微分截面及分波能量微分截面。计算结果揭示了明显的Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ系列共振，并指出共振对截面的贡献大于直接电离过程对截面的贡献，这与Ｃｈｉｄｉｃｈｉｍｏ的结论一致。     

锂原子激发态光电离的R—矩阵计算

使用Ｒ－矩阵方法,采用三态密耦图象计算了锂原子激发态１ｓ＾２２ｐ＾２Ｐ的光电离截面,并给出了不同分波及不同过程的截面,计算结果揭示了光电离过程中的Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ系列共振,并指出在非共振区光电离截面不是单调变化的。     

Ba原子6pns（J=1）自电离态光谱的理论计算

采用一个13通道多通道量子亏损(MQDT)模型对Ba原子6pns(J=1)自电离态的光谱进行了计算，并获得了它们的理论计算光谱。通过分析它们的自电离态光谱的特性，对6pns(J=1)自电离系列之间的组态相互作用现象进行了解释。     

Ba原子6pns(J=1)自电离态光谱的理论计算

采用一个13通道多通道量子亏损(MQDT)模型对Ba原子6pns(J=1)自电离态的光谱进行了计算,并获得了它们的理论计算光谱.通过分析它们的自电离态光谱的特性,对6pns(J=1)自电离系列之间的组态相互作用现象进行了解释.     

Mg原子3p3/2nd系列自电离分支比的研究

利用多通道量子亏损理论(MQDT),结合已知的K矩阵,研究了受实验条件限制目前无法得到的Mg原子3p3/2nd(J=1,3)系列的自电离分支比,同时对3pnd系列的部分自电离光谱作了计算,并取得了和实验比较吻合的结果。结合分支比研究结果探讨了Mg原子的能级结构特点及粒子数反转的可能性     

一类广义N维非线性Schr?dinger方程的孤子解及其性质研究

研究一类N维广义非线性Schr?dinger方程的孤子解及其性质，研究非线性参数α变化（α→0及α→∞）时孤子性态的变化规律，同时研究该问题的数值解法，得到了该方程的P-R差分格式的收敛性和稳定性条件． 关键词：     

Effect of energy distribution of interface states on the electrical characteristics of semiconductor heterojunction diode

An energy distribution of interface states has been considered to study the electrical characteristics of an anisotype semiconductor heterojunction. Various electrical quantities such as the surface potential, current, conductance and ideality factor of the device have been studied. The current-voltage and conductance-voltage characteristics are found largely sensitive to the parameters controlling the distribution profile of interface states. A new expression for the ideality factor of the device has been derived, which predicts appreciable voltage dependence due to the distributive nature of the interface states. It has been found that the experimental I-V data of p-InP/n-CdS heterojunction reported by earlier workers can be satisfactorily explained with the help of the present model if the effect of shunt resistance of the device is included in the evaluation scheme.     

Experimental scheme of quantum cryptography on the nonorthogonal states with time shift and a minimum number of optical components

A new scheme of experimental quantum cryptography on the nonorthogonal states is described. Nonorthogonality is achieved by the time shift of states in different messages. For this scheme to be efficient, it is sufficient to balance the arms of an interferometer at the receiver and transmitter ends to an accuracy of 1–2 cm. This is a fundamental advantage of this scheme over, e.g., the most developed cryptosystem based on phase coding, where the maximum transmission distance has been achieved. In the latter system, the arms of the interferometer need to be balanced with an accuracy of fractions of a micron for a distance of several tens of kilometers.     

“基本粒子”的实验研究近况

这篇总结性文章论述了最近四、五年来“基本粒子”实验研究的发展情况。全文着重讨论了强相互作用粒子的发展情况,关于弱相互作用问题则谈得不多。其主要原因是:在强相互作用粒子方面,近年来实验上发现了大量的粒子共振态,以致使粒子总数由30种剧增到100种左右,而且,有关的理论方面也相应地取得了成功的发展——由强相互作用对称性提出的SU(3)分类方案。正是这些新发展,使得对所谓基本粒子(至少对强相互作用粒子来说)是有结构的、是可分的看法在近年来更加明确了。本文总结和讨论了最近四、五年来较重要的七组实验——四组关于强相互作用问题,三组关于弱相互作用问题,并且,集中地讨论了强相互作用粒子在最近几年来的发展情况,1960年前后的统计对比以及粒子分类的物理意义等,这些为讨论SU(3)和Regge轨迹分类方案准备了有利的物理条件。在讨论SU(3)和Regge轨迹分类方案时,本文只着重讨论了这两个方案(特别是SU(3))的物理背景和设想、方案的数学基础、理论结果及其与实验的比较。通过和实验比较,Regge轨迹方案就显出了远不如SU(3)方案,这个事实和Regge极理论所出现的严重问题(参看第二章第3节)当然是分不开的。希望通过这篇文章能向读者介绍“基本粒子”在这几年中的发展概况,在现阶段解决或摸清了那些问题,以及今后实验工作的可能方向。     

CHARGE STATES OF SPUTTERED ATOMS/IONS

The charge states of sputtered cesium and oxygen ions/atoms from metal surfaces have been discussed with the time-dependent Newns-Anderson model. The final charge state distribution has been calculated as a function of work function of the surfaces. The calculated results fit the experimental data well. Besides, the dependence of the final charge states of the sputtered oxygen particles on the surface temperature is also predicted.     

A study of the S levels and the analogue levels of P by the P(He, d)S reaction

The ³¹P(³He, d)³²S reaction has been studied with high resolution at 12 MeV bombarding energy. A detailed level scheme for ³²S has been determined up to an excitation energy of 9.5 MeV revealing several previously unobserved states. The l_p values and absolute spectroscopic factors extracted from a DWBA analysis of the experimental deuteron angular distributions have provided information on the wave functions for the T = 0 states as well as for the T = 1 isobaric analogue states of ³²P. A comparison between the present data and those of previous experiments is made, and the results are discussed in terms of existing theoretical work in this mass region. Information on Coulomb displacement and symmetry energies is also extracted.     

CHARGE STATES OF SPUTTERED ATOMS/IONS

The charge states of sputtered cesium and oxygen ions/atoms from metal surfaces have been discussed with the time-dependent Newns-Anderson model. The final charge state distribution has been calculated as a function of work function of the surfaces. The calculated results fit the experimental data well. Besides, the dependence of the final charge states of the sputtered oxygen particles on the surface temperature is also predicted.     

利用破坏对称性的超导人造原子制备χ型四比特纠缠态

提出了利用在一维传输线共振器中的破坏对称性的超导人造原子来制备χ型四比特纠缠态的方案. 方案中所用到的Δ型三能级人造原子不同于自然的原子, 它可以产生循环跃迁. 经过适当时间的相互作用和简单的操作, 可以得到想要制备的纠缠态. 由于人造原子的激发态和光子态被绝热消除, 所以该方案对于人造原子的自发辐射和传输线共振器的衰减是鲁棒的.     

Macroscopic Superpositions and Entanglement of Mesoscopic Squeezed Vacuum States in Dissipative Cavity QED System

A scheme has been proposed for generating the macroscopic superpositions and the entanglement between the mesoscopic squeezed vacuum states by considering the two-photon interaction of N two-level atoms in a dissipative cavity with high quality factor assisted by a strong driving field. A number of multiparty entangled states between the atoms and the squeezed vacuum states, among the atoms, and among the squeezed vacuum states, can be prepared by virtue of a specific choice of the cavity detuning and the detuning of applied coherent field under the dissipation condition. The corresponding analytical expressions of the influence can be given. Moreover, we can also give a series of macroscopic entangled states between the usual coherent states and the squeezed vacuum states using the combination of the dissipative one-photon interaction Hamiltonian with the dissipative two-photon interaction Hamiltonian. We also discuss the experimental feasibility. Our scheme can be realized in the current techniques on the cavity QED.     

The decay of 174Tm and mixing of the Kπ = 5− two-quasiparticle states in 174Yb

The decay of 5.4 min ¹⁷⁴Tm has been investigated using Ge(Li) spectrometers in singles and coincidence measurements. A total of 43 γ-ray transitions, 26 of them not reported before, have been observed following the decay of ¹⁷⁴Tm. All transitions could be placed in a level scheme comprising 19 excited states of ¹⁷⁴Yb. The Nilsson model has been used to interpret the level structure. The mixing of two-quasineutron and two-quasiproton states is studied and the experimental mixing matrix element is compared with the results of theoretical calculations.