2,3-二巯基丁二酸在银表面的电化学表面增强拉曼光谱及电还原特性

采用原位电化学表面增强拉曼光谱(EC-SERS)和电化学还原方法,研究了内消旋-2,3-二巯基丁二酸(DMSA)在活化的银电极上的吸附行为。通过模型分子DMSA进行结构优化的密度泛函理论计算,得到了理论拉曼光谱。在相同的DMSA自组装时间条件下,其在Ag电极表面的覆盖度倒数与溶液浓度倒数成线性关系,说明DMSA单分子层在活性Ag表面的化学吸附遵循Langmuir等温吸附模型。在酸性介质中,DMSA浸置自组装50 min后,SERS峰强趋于稳定,达到了该浓度下的动态吸附平衡。EC-SERS信号随施加电位的负移逐渐减弱至基本消失。通过计算探针分子DMSA在不同电位下的增强因子(EF),指出较负电位下存在着还原/脱附作用,使得Ag表面的拉曼活性降低,尤其在小于-0.4 V的还原电位时,增强因子显著减小。     

3种核酸碱基(胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、尿嘧啶)在银电极表面的吸附形态

通过表面增强拉曼散射研究了胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和尿嘧啶在粗糙银电极表面上的吸附形态随电极电位的变化关系.大量的结构信息可从丰富的表面拉曼信号及其随电极电位相应的变化而获得.分析表明在电极电位负移过程中,胞嘧啶一直通过N3位垂直吸附于纳米银颗粒表面;而胸腺嘧啶分子和尿嘧啶分子在表面的吸附状态都随电位改变发生了变化,较正电位下...     

吡啶羧酸在银电极表面随电极电位变化的表面增强拉曼光谱研究(英文)

本文通过表面增强拉曼散射研究了三种不同构型的吡啶羧酸—皮考酸、异烟酸和烟酸在粗糙银电极表面上的吸附形态随电极电位的变化关系。大量的表面结构信息可从丰富的表面拉曼信号及其随电极电位相应的变化而获得。分析表明在电极电位负移过程中皮考酸分子一直采取通过羧基和苯环上的N原子侧立吸附在银电极表面,与之不同的是,异烟酸分子和烟酸分子在表面的吸附状态都随电位改变发生了变化,我们对此进行了分析和解释     

非水体系中镍表面Raman光谱研究新进展

本文利用共焦显微拉曼系统 ,获得有机乙醇溶剂中吡啶分子吸附在硝酸刻蚀镍电极表面的拉曼光谱 ,与水体系相比谱峰强度有所降低。根据表面拉曼光谱中吡啶分子环呼吸振动峰 ν1向高波数方向移动 (与液态吡啶分子相比 )推测吡啶分子通过氮原子以垂直 (或略微倾斜 )方式作用于镍电极表面 ,且随电位负移其与镍表面的作用逐渐减弱。     

亚乙基硫脲的表面增强拉曼极化率研究：电磁和电荷转移机制

测量了吸附在银电极表面的亚乙基硫脲分子在不同电位下的表面增强拉曼光谱，对光谱强度变化进行了分析.从拉曼光谱强度计算出分子的键极化率数值，分析极化率大小和变化情况，提出了分子在不同电位下表面增强效应的增强机制. 关键词： 亚乙基硫脲 表面增强拉曼极化率 电磁增强 电荷转移增强     

pH值对4-氰基吡啶吸附行为影响的SERS研究

采用现场表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)研究了4-氰基吡啶在不同pH值下铂电极上的吸附行为.结果表明,pH对4-氰基吡啶的吸附原子没有影响,均以吡啶环上的氮吸附在电极表面,但分子的取向不同.酸性条件下,4-氰基吡啶在正于0.6 V(SCE)的电位区间倾斜吸附,在0.6V到-0.2V以相对垂直方式吸附,而在负于-0.4V的电...     

金电极上Cu,Zn-SOD的表面增强拉曼光谱

应用原位共焦拉曼光谱技术在经表面增强处理后的金电极上,观察Cu,Zn-SOD分子的吸附方式及其随电位变化的过程。实验结果表明,在400mV-700mV的电位区间内,Cu,Zn-SOD分子始终以氨基酸残基上COO-和NH2在电极表面吸附,使活性中心所处的平面远离电极表面,且随电位负移发生脱附。上述结果为解释SOD分子在金电极表面无法实现快速电子传递提供了直接依据。     

现场拉曼光谱研究乙腈在金电极上的解离吸附行为

利用共焦显微拉曼系统、结合合适的电极表面粗糙方法研究了非水体系 0 1mol/LLiClO4 /CH3CN溶液中 ,乙腈分子在金表面的吸附和解离行为。结果表明非水体系中乙腈可在金表面发生还原反应 ,产物CN- 离子与电极表面作用形成的表面配合物可在较宽的电位区间吸附于电极表面。溶液中的微量水、激光照射以及电极电位均对该反应有较大的影响。通过拉曼谱图的比较得出乙腈分子解离出的CN- 在金电极表面比在银电极表面有更强的吸附作用。     

Cu,Zn-SOD在银电极上的原位表面增强Raman光谱

本文应用原位共焦拉曼光谱技术观察了Cu ,Zn -SOD分子在经表面增强处理后的银电极上 ,吸附状态随电位跃迁变化的过程。结果表明在 -0 2V～ 0 1V的电位区间内 ,Cu,Zn -SOD分子经由羧酸根离子吸附于银电极表面 ,而在 0 2～ 0 4V电位区间内发生脱附 ,表面吸附的物种改变为缓冲溶液中的磷酸根离子。上述结果为SOD分子在固体电极表面电子传递机制的探索提供了依据。     

拉曼光谱研究Pt电极上欠电位沉积Sn对甲醇氧化的影响

本文采用拉曼光谱研究Ｐｔ电极上欠电位沉积（亚）单原子层的Ｓｎ对甲醇氧化的影响,初步的结果表明,欠电位沉积Ｓｎ促进了Ｐｔ上甲醇的电催化氧化,与纯Ｐｔ电极体系相比较,作为表面毒性中间物的ＣＯ在较负电位下即可被氧化。本文对其可能的机理进行了初步的讨论     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.