A reply to “a comment on generalized electromagnetism and Dirac algebra”

Issues raised by W. A. Rodrigues, Jr. are discussed.1. This is not a new result; see,e.g., Rohrlich.⁽³⁾ 2. A typographical error in Eq. (77) is corrected here: The productj A in the right-hand parentheses was erroneously transcribed in Ref. (2) as A.3. I define electromagnetic fieldF = A to be that generated by electric charges and the magnetoelectric fieldG = M to be that generated by magnetic monopoles:F F +₅ G. 4. Rodrigues, on the other hand, takes the position that the importance of the Lagrangian formulation should be downgraded if not discarded altogether: ... it is redundant to look for Lagrangians.⁽¹⁾ 5. In fact, he reformulates it using the language of differential forms.6. It is interesting to observe that this bilinear form has the additional virtue of being appropriate for dealing with the monopolecharge parity question, which was pointed out long ago.⁽¹⁴⁾ 7. In fact, even mathematics looks to Nature for its authority.⁽¹⁶⁾ There is evidence that Rodrigues does not understand this concept.⁽¹⁷⁾     

The relation between and violation of Hardy＇s non-locality Bell inequality

We give an analytic quantitative relation between Hardy＇s non-locality and Bell operator. We find that Hardy＇s non-locality is a sufficient condition for the violation of Bell inequality, the upper bound of Hardy＇s non-locality allowed by information causality just corresponds to Tsirelson bound of Bell inequality and the upper bound of Hardy＇s non- locality allowed by the principle of no-signaling just corresponds to the algebraic maximum of Bell operator. Then we study the CabeUo＇s argument of Hardy＇s non-locality （a generalization of Hardy＇s argument） and find a similar relation between it and violation of Bell inequality. Finally, we give a simple derivation of the bound of Hardy＇s non-locality under the constraint of information causality with the aid of the above derived relation between Hardy＇s non-locality and Bell operator.     

The relation between Hardy’s non-locality and violation of Bell inequality

We give an analytic quantitative relation between Hardy’s non-locality and Bell operator. We find that Hardy’s non-locality is a sufficient condition for the violation of Bell inequality, the upper bound of Hardy’s non-locality allowed by information causality just corresponds to Tsirelson bound of Bell inequality and the upper bound of Hardy’s non-locality allowed by the principle of no-signaling just corresponds to the algebraic maximum of Bell operator. Then we study the Cabello’s argument of Hardy’s non-locality (a generalization of Hardy’s argument) and find a similar relation between it and violation of Bell inequality. Finally, we give a simple derivation of the bound of Hardy’s non-locality under the constraint of information causality with the aid of the above derived relation between Hardy’s non-locality and Bell operator.     

Another comment on Bordley's “higher derivatives of velocity and quantum theory”

This comment underlines that the introduction of higher derivatives in the lagrangian contributes to a better knowledge of the motion of microparticles.     

A comment on Kerr–CFT and Wald entropy

We point out that the entropies of black holes in general diffeomorphism invariant theories, computed using the Kerr–CFT correspondence and the Wald formula (as implemented in the entropy function formalism), need not always agree. A simple way to illustrate this is to consider Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity in four dimensions, where the Gauss–Bonnet term is topological. This means that the central charge of Kerr–CFT computed in the Barnich–Brandt–Compere formalism remains the same as in Einstein gravity, while the entropy computed using the entropy function gives a universal correction proportional to the Gauss–Bonnet coupling. We argue that at least in this example, the Kerr–CFT result is the physically reasonable one. The resolution to this discrepancy might lie in a better understanding of boundary terms.     

Improvement on ‘Cryptanalysis and Improvement of a Multiparty Quantum Direct Secret Sharing of Classical Messages with Bell States and Bell Measurements’

Recently, Liu (Int J Theor Phys: pp.1–6, 2018) pointed out that Song et al.’s multiparty quantum direct secret sharing protocol (Int J Theor Phys: 57, 1559, 2018) suffers from several attacks and then an improved quantum direct secret sharing protocol was hence proposed. However, this study shows that Liu’s protocol still suffers from an intercept-resend attack. To solve this problem, a modification is proposed here.

     

A Comparison of GSIFTP and RFIO on a WAN

We present a comparison of wide-area file transfer performance of the new Globus GSIFTP and CERN‘s rfio tools,The full version of the paper is available on the web at the following URL.     

Violation of Bell’s inequality for continuous-variable EPR states

We construct a wide class of bounded continuous variables observables that lead to violations of Bell inequalities for the EPR state and give an intuitive Wigner function explanation how to predetermine which operators wont ever exceed the bounds given by local theories. We show that as examples of such operators, we can use continuous-variable observables that satisfy the commutation relations for the Pauli matrices.     

Temperature dependence of violation of Bell’s inequality in coupled quantum dots in a microcavity

Bell’s inequality in two coupled quantum dots within cavity QED, including Förster and exciton–phonon interactions, is investigated theoretically. It is shown that the environmental temperature has a significant impact on Bell’s inequality.     

Reply to “A comment on “A test of general relativity using the LARES and LAGEOS satellites and a GRACE Earth gravity model,by I. Ciufolini et al.””

In 2016, we published “A test of general relativity using the LARES and LAGEOS satellites and a GRACE Earth’s gravity model. Measurement of Earth’s dragging of inertial frames [1]”, a measurement of frame-dragging, a fundamental prediction of Einstein’s theory of General Relativity, using the laser-ranged satellites LARES, LAGEOS and LAGEOS 2. The formal error, or precision, of our test was about 0.2% of frame-dragging, whereas the systematic error was estimated to be about 5%. In the 2017 paper “A comment on “A test of general relativity using the LARES and LAGEOS satellites and a GRACE Earth’s gravity model by I. Ciufolini et al.”” by L. Iorio [2] (called I2017 in the following), it was incorrectly claimed that, when comparing different Earth’s gravity field models, the systematic error in our test due to the Earth’s even zonal harmonics of degree 6, 8, 10 could be as large as 15%, 6% and 36%, respectively. Furthermore, I2017 contains other, also incorrect, claims about the number of necessary significant decimal digits of the coefficients used in our test (claimed to be nine), in order to eliminate the largest uncertainties in the even zonals of degree 2 and 4, and about the non-repeatability of our test. Here we analyze and rebut those claims in I2017.     

A comment on discrete Kalb–Ramond field on orientifold and rank reduction

We show that the rank reduction of the gauge group on orientifolds in presence of non-vanishing discrete Kalb–Ramond field can be explained by the presence of an induced field strength in a non-trivial bundle on the branes. This field strength is also necessary for the tadpole cancellation and the number of branes is left unchanged by the presence of the discrete Kalb–Ramond background. We moreover give a derivation of the normalization of the Möbius amplitude in presence of a non-vanishing Kalb–Ramond field from first principles.     

A comment on “Ab initio study: the potential energy curves and ro-vibrational spectrum of low-lying excited states of HCl+ cation”

Since the ²Π state in HCl⁺ is an inverted doublet, the energy of the ²Π_1/2 state is higher than the ²Π_3/2. Therefore, the larger value of intensity correspond to the transition of ²Π_3/2. We calculated the Einstein A coefficients and radiation lifetimes for the A²Σ⁺-X²Π transition. Our results are in good agreement with the experimental data and theoretical values. Then the ro-vibrational line intensities of the 1-0 band were calculated for the ²Π_3/2 and ²Π_1/2 states of HCl⁺. Employing the RKR potential, the predicted band origins for Δν=1-0 are 2569.3 and 2568.55 cm-1 for ²Π_3/2 and ²Π_1/2, respectively.     

Probability distribution and Bell’s inequality for the quantum qubit state

The problem of Bell’s inequality violation for a particle with spin 1/2 is studied within the tomographic approach. Two possible methods for constructing the distribution functions associated with the qubit quantum state are presented. The Bell parameter maximum is studied for each proposed distribution.     

H→γγ: a comment on the indeterminacy of non-gauge-invariant integrals

We reanalyze the recent computation of the amplitude of the Higgs boson decay into two photons presented by Gastmans et al. [1, 2]. The reasons for why this result cannot be the correct one have been discussed in some recent papers. We address here the general issue of the indeterminacy of integrals with four-dimensional gauge-breaking regulators and to which extent it might eventually be solved by imposing physical constraints. Imposing gauge invariance as the last step upon Rξ-gauge calculations with four-dimensional gauge-breaking regulators, allows us to recover the well known H→γγ result. However we show that in the particular case of the unitary gauge, the indeterminacy cannot be tackled in the same way. The combination of the unitary gauge with a cutoff regularization scheme turns out to be non-predictive.     

Explicit derivation of a new hyper-Kähler metric

Using the harmonic superspace techniques in D = 2 N = 4, we present an explicit derivation of a new hyper-Kähler metric associated to the Toda-like self-interaction H⁴⁺ (ω, u) = (ζ⁺⁺/γ)² exp (2γω). Some important features are also discussed.     

Dissociation energy of diatomic molecules — comment on the work of Kaur and Mahajan

When observed spectrum of a diatomic molecule is expressed in terms of the Dunham coefficients Y ₀₀, Y ₁₀, Y ₂₀, Y ₀₁ and Y ₁₁ only, dissociation energy of the molecule is given by Y ₀₀+Y ₁₀ ² /(−4Y ₂₀). Kaur and Mahajan [1] have used the Dunham coefficients Y ₁₀, Y ₂₀, Y ₀₁, and Y ₁₁, for 15 vibrational states of 12 diatomic molecules (Y ₀₀ is zero for the cases accounted for), but their dissociation energy cannot be reproduced by the expression Y ₁₀ ² /(−4Y ₂₀). Probable reason for the discrepancy has been discussed.     

Reply to “nonequivalence of ether theories and special relativity. comment on recent interpretation of Lorentz' Ether theory”

The role played by coordinates in the formulation of an absolute spacetime theory is assessed. It is shown that recent criticism on previous work of ours is wrong.