微柱高效液相色谱法测定烟草样品中铁钴镍铜锌锰

研究了用2(2喹啉偶氮)5二甲氨基酚(QADMAP)为柱前衍生试剂,以Waters XterraTMRP18(1.0mm×50mm,2.5μm)微柱为固定相,72%的甲醇(内含0.5%的乙酸)为流动相,高效液相色谱法分离,二极管矩阵检测器检测测定铁、钴、镍、铜、锌和锰的方法。根据信噪比(S/N=3)得各金属离子的检出限分别为:铁3μg·L-1、钴和铜4μg·L-1、镍2μg·L-1、锌5μg·L-1、锰8μg·L-1,方法用于烟草中痕量铁、钴、镍、铜、锌和锰的测定,相对标准偏差在1.6%～3.8%之间,回收率在93%～107%之间,结果满意。     

电位溶出法间接测定血清中钙镁

利用钙置换Zn EGTA中锌 ,镁置换Zn EDTA中锌 ,采用计时电位溶出法间接地测定血清中钙镁含量。血清用量仅为 2 0 μl,且不必消化 ,钙的线性范围为 0～ 4 80 μg·L- 1,检出限为 2 μg·L- 1,相关系数为 0 .9976 (n =6 ) ,镁的线性范围为 0～ 2 88μg·L- 1,检出限为 1μg·L- 1,相关系数为0 .9984 (n =6 )。用模拟血清测定钙的平均回收率为 99.4 % ,镁的平均回收率为 10 0 .1%。     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定食品中铅

研究了500 ℃干灰化法氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定食品中微量铅,在 15 g·L-1硼氢化钾还原剂介质和5 g·L-1氢氧化钾溶液中,样品溶液酸度以 0.24 mol·L-1盐酸为最佳。铅浓度在5~30μg·L-1范围内呈线性,相关系数为0.993 7。RSD小于10%,回收率为91%~104%。     

开口毛细管预富集结合流动注射测定痕量铁的研究

通过开口毛细管结合流动注射分析系统建立了一个新的高灵敏和高选择性的测定痕量铁的方法。这种开口毛细管是通过用强碱处理聚四氟乙烯毛细管内表面而制成的。高铁离子与2 (2 羟基 4 吡啶偶氮)聚氧乙烯醚(PE·PAR)在碱性条件下(pH10.0)因形成带正电的络合物则被带负电的毛细管内壁吸附。相同情况下,常见的二价金属离子生成中性络合物而可以与高铁离子分离,从而消除了常见基质中金属离子的干扰。即在富集高铁离子的同时,有效地提高了选择性。方法的线性范围在0.5～40μg·L-1之间,对1.0μg·L-1Fe3+7次平行测定的相对标准偏差小于2.5%。检出限为0.03μg·L-1,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.08×106L·mol-1·cm-1,样品测定的回收率在95%～98%之间,用于水样的测定结果较为满意。     

半微分极谱法连续测定食物中锌铁锰和铜

研完了用1.5次微分极谱法,在乙二胺-8-羟基喹咻系列底液中,连续测定食物中锌、铁、锰和铜的方法。在选定的试验条件下．锌、铁和锰的浓度在0.02～4.0μg·ml-1、的浓度在0.02～1.0μg·ml-1范围内与峰高呈线性关系。样品测定的相对标准偏差为4.7%～10.0%,回收率为92.5%～106.0%。对食物样品分析的结果与电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱法(ICP)比较,没有显著性差异。     

微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中的铜铅镉锌

建立了微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中痕量铜、铅、镉、锌的新方法。在HAc- Na Ac( p H4 .5)～ 3.5× 1 0 -2 mol·L-1KCl～ 2 .6× 1 0 -5 mol· L-1Hg2 +介质中测定锌 ,然后调节底液为 0 .0 1 mol·L-1HCl,连续测定铜、铅、镉。铜、铅、镉、锌 ,检出限分别为 4 ,0 .1 ,2 ,4 μg· L-1,线性测定范围 Zn2 +:0～ 30 0 μg·L-1,Cu2 +、Pb2 +、Cd2 +:0～ 2 2 0μg· L-1,回收率为 83.4 %～ 1 0 3.3% ,RSD<3.4 % ( n=7)。该法较好解决了金属互化物的影响 ,样品不需消化便可直接测定。     

离子液体萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定地表水中微量锌

合成了离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim]PF6),并将其用于水样中锌的萃取。在500 mL水样中依次加入10 g.L-1EDTA溶液3 mL和离子液体5 mL,在pH 7左右的条件下振摇5 min,分出离子液体相,用1.0 mol.L-1盐酸溶液10 mL返萃取,于水相中火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其锌量。锌的质量浓度在0.005～0.02 mg.L-1范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3σ)为0.75μg.L-1。应用此法测定地表水中锌,回收率在85%～110%之间。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定水中挥发性卤代烃

选择HP 1大口径厚液膜通用型熔融石英毛细管柱(30m×0.53mm×2.65μm),ECD检测器,吹扫 捕集法富集样品,研究了测定10种挥发性卤代烃的最佳色谱条件。结果表明,水样体积为5.00ml时,标准偏差<0.07μg·L-1,RSD<4.0%,加标回收率为94.0%～107.0%,10种物质的检出限在0.07～0.19μg·L-1之间。方法用于河水样品中的组分测定,结果满意。     

动力学光度法测定痕量锌的研究

在微酸性介质中 ,痕量锌对过氧化氢氧化络黑T褪色反应有催化作用 ,提出了催化动力学光度法测定痕量锌的新方法 ,研究了该方法的适宜反应条件及动力学性质。方法的检出限为 6.9μg·L-1,测量线性范围为 2～ 64μg·L-1,用于人发及食品中锌的测定 ,获得了满意的结果     

壳聚糖修饰铂电极半微分伏安法测定微量碘

将壳聚糖修饰到铂盘电极上,采取半微分伏安法测定微量碘。用0.20mol·L-1NaH2PO4 Na2HPO4(pH6.0)缓冲体系,在0.20～0.65V间以10mV·s-1的速度扫描,碘离子浓度在0.80～25.0μg·ml-1范围内与氧化峰电流呈线性关系(r=0.9996),检出限达0 20μg·ml-1。修饰电极在4.0μg·ml-1KI溶液中,11次测得峰电流的相对标准偏差为3.3%。将该修饰电极用于华素片中微量碘的测定,与间接火焰原子吸收光谱法相比,相对误差在5%以内。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -