碱熔-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钢渣中硅铁铝铬钼钙镁含量

建立了碱熔-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钢渣中硅、铁、铝、铬、钼、钙、镁含量的方法。结果表明,钢渣中硅、铁、铝、铬、钼、钙、镁溶液0～15 mg/m L范围内线性良好,均大于0.999,检出限分别为0.005 6、0.058 7、0.004 4、0.003 3、0.009 5、0.023 7、0.003 2μg/m L,相对标准偏差均小于2%,与标准样品进行比对,相对误差小于4%,适用于钢渣中硅铁铝铬钼钙镁含量的测定。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铼产品中的痕量钠

建立了火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高铼酸、高铼酸铵、铼粉中痕量钠的方法,对样品的预处理和测定钠的条件进行了研究。结果表明:水溶解法、硝酸溶解法或硝酸-硫酸溶解法溶解样品完全,测得钠的结果吻合;于选定条件下,钠的测定浓度在0.020 0~0.500 0μg/mL范围内线性良好;测定高铼酸、高铼酸铵和铼粉样品中0.27~0.47mg/L、0.000047%~0.00048%和0.000040%~0.00049%的钠含量,检出限、相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)、加标回收率分别为高铼酸3×10-4μg/mL、6%~10%、98%~102%,高铼酸铵3×10-4μg/mL、8%~9%、96%~102%和铼粉3×10-4μg/mL、5%~9%、96%~103%。方法结果准确、分析快速、操作简便,应用于实际的样品分析,结果满意。     

微波消解-微波等离子体矩原子发射光谱法测定乳胶管中的铁、钙、镍、镁、锌

本文研究了用HNO3-H2O2微波消解样品,微波等离子体矩原子发射光谱(MPT-AES)测定乳胶管中铁,钙,镍,镁,锌的含量方法。详细考察了测定铁、钙、镍、镁、锌的最佳实验条件,以及介质酸、共存离子的影响。本方法测定铁、镍、镁、钙、锌的检出限分别为77.80、7.55、2.70、275.87、46.23 ng/mL,方法的精密度分别为3.10%、2.19%、2.22%、1.27%、2.90%,线性范围分别为0.08~2 mg/L0、.06~2 mg/L0、.001~3 mg/L、0.005~2 mg/L、0.05~1 mg/L,加标回收率分别在97.7%~107.8%、96.0%~106.7%、98.0%~106.2%、92.3%~108.8%、98.7%~106.8%范围。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定固体生物质燃料中8种元素

建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定固体生物质燃料中钾、钠、钙、镁、砷、铜、铁、锰8种元素的含量。样品采用5 mL硝酸溶液和2 mL过氧化氢溶液进行微波消解,在选定的仪器工作条件下进行测定。钠、钙、镁、砷、铜、铁、锰的质量浓度在0～5.0 mg/L,钾的质量浓度在0～50.0 mg/L范围内与光谱强度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限为0.002～0.022 mg/L。样品的加标回收率为91.9%～108.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.1%～6.8%(n=6)。该方法简便、快速、高效且准确,适用于固体生物质燃料中钾、钠、钙、镁、砷、铜、铁、锰的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定橘子汁中钙和镁

建立了微波消解和湿法消解对样品进行前处理,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定橘子汁样品中钙和镁含量的方法。选择Ca 317.933nm,Mg 285.213nm作为钙和镁的分析线。实验结果表明,钙和镁的检出限分别为0.001 8和0.000 4mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD2%),加标回收率为99%~101%,用来测定FAPAS国际比对橘子汁样品,反馈的统计结果显示钙和镁元素的Z值分别为-0.3和0.3,结果均为满意。方法快速、简单、精确,适于橘子汁中钙和镁的测定。     

快速测定植物油胆固醇含量在地沟油筛查中的应用

采用皂化气相色谱氢火焰离子检测器法测试了多个植物油样品,发现胆固醇峰被干扰比较严重,很难得出植物油与地沟油胆固醇含量的界定值。采用SPE进行样品前处理,对SPE处理条件进行优化,得出优化条件为称样量0.25 g ,20 mL 0.6%乙醚-正己烷(V/V)作为淋洗液,20 mL 15%乙醚-正己烷(V/V)作为洗脱液。用SPE气相色谱氢火焰离子检测器法分析了84个植物油样品和13个地沟油样品中胆固醇含量,测定结果表明,植物油胆固醇含量与地沟油胆固醇含量有明显区别,所有植物油胆固醇含量都小于50μg/g,13个地沟油样中11个样胆固醇含量大于50μg/g。因此,采用上述植物油胆固醇测定方法,胆固醇含量超过50μg/g可判定为疑似地沟油,反之不成立。本方法在0~760 mg/L浓度范围内相关系数R2=0.9999,方法检出限为6. 0μg/g,两个浓度水平(17.7和695 mg/L)的相对标准偏差分别为1.6%和1.5%,回收率为103%。     

MPT-AES法测定乳胶手套中的铁、镍、镁、钙、锌

研究了用微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法(MPT-AES)测定乳胶手套中微量铁、镍、镁、钙、锌元素含量的方法。详细考察了测定铁、镍、镁、钙、锌实验参数,以及介质酸和共存离子干扰情况。实验结果表明,本方法测定铁、镍、镁、钙、锌的检出限分别为77.8、7.55、2.70、276、46.2μg/L,方法的精密度分别为1.52%、0.67%、0.03%、2.53%、0.91%,线性范围分别为0.08~2.5、0.06~2、0.001~3、0.005~2、0.05~1 mg/L,样品测定的加标回收率分别在95%~103%、98%~105%、99%~106%、98%~104%、97%~106%之间。结果令人满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定岩石中的镓、铟、锗

建立了测定岩石中镓、铟、锗的石墨炉原子吸收光谱法。镓、铟、锗的线性范围分别为0-50、0－5、0－20μg/mL，线性相关系数分别为0.996、0.935、0.992，回收率分别为97.3%-108.0%、95.0%-105.0%、93.3%-102.0%，相对标准偏差分别为3.6%、13.3%、8.7%，检出限分别为0.042、0.001、0.008μg/mL。     

单纯形最优化法确定硅存在时钙的测定条件

应用改进单纯形最优化法研究了利用锶-镧-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）-盐酸、锶-镧-四乙基氯化铵-盐酸、锶-TritonX-100-盐酸3种混合试剂体系消除原子吸收分光光度法测定钙时共存硅干扰的方法。最佳条件分别为：1000μg/mL锶 1238μg/mL镧 108μg/mL CTMAB 4.05%盐酸，700μg/mL锶 1187μg/mL镧 150μg/mL四乙基氯化铵 4.63%盐酸，300μg/mL CTMAB 4.05%盐酸，700μg/mL锶 1187μg/mL镧 150μg/mL四乙基氯化铵 4.63%盐酸，300μg/mL锶 0.97% TrionX-100 4%盐酸。在以上3种条件下，100μg/mL硅不干扰钙的测定，钙的回收率为92.3%-106.0%。     

固相萃取原子荧光光谱法检测稻米和虾仁中的无机硒

建立了氨水提取、三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白、阳离子交换净化分离,原子荧光光谱检测稻米和虾仁中无机硒的新方法。样品经氨水超声提取,三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白,Cleanert PCX小柱分离,HNO_3-HClO_4消解,HCl还原,原子荧光光谱法进行检测。结果显示,无机硒能被有效提取、分离和检测。方法在(0. 1～4. 0μg/L)浓度范围内,R~2 0. 99,仪器检出限(IDL)为0. 040μg/L,方法检出限(MDL)为1. 60μg/kg。稻米和虾仁样品的加标回收率分别为84. 1%～98. 7%和89. 8%～109. 3%,相对标准差分别为2. 3%～10%和2. 2%～3. 1%。对产地不同的稻米和虾仁样品的实际检测显示,稻米无机硒含量分别为3. 88～45. 90μg/kg,占总硒的百分比最高值为11. 27%,虾仁样品无机硒含量为小于MDL～24. 76μg/kg,占总硒的百分比最高值为3. 83%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.