多酸Eu-PMo12O40可逆变色/荧光开关性质对维生素C的光谱检测

将VC等量加入Eu-PMo₁₂O₄₀溶液中,PMo₁₂O₄₀^3-被还原由浅黄色变为蓝色,同时Eu³⁺的荧光淬灭。利用UV-Vis、PL光谱法分别测定不同VC浓度下Eu-PMo₁₂O₄₀的紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱,以700 nm处的吸光度对VC浓度作图,得到VC的线性检测范围为0~0.40 mmol·L^-1、检出限为0.0258μmol·L^-1;以591 nm处的荧光强度对VC浓度作图,获得VC的线性检测范围为0~0.64 mmol·L^-1、检出限为0.0361μmol·L^-1。最后,在VC还原和H₂O₂氧化下,研究了Eu-PMo₁₂O₄₀变色/荧光开关性质的可逆性以及对VC检测的可重复使用性。     

氯化血红素催化-荧光光谱法测定染发剂中的过氧化氢

利用过氧化氢能够在氯化血红素作为模拟酶催化条件下将对羟基苯乙酸氧化成具有较强荧光的二聚体的特点,建立了荧光光谱法测定染发剂中过氧化氢的方法。氯化血红素的浓度为10μmol·L~(-1),对羟基苯乙酸浓度为1mmol·L~(-1),pH 10,反应温度为室温,反应时间5min,激发波长为310nmm,发射波长为400nm,体系的荧光强度达到最大。过氧化氢的浓度在0.05~50μmol·L~(-1)范围内与体系的荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.3μg·kg~(-1)。加标回收率在94.5%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于2%。     

P2W18O626-@Tb3+溶液电致变色/荧光开关性质的可逆调控及对H2O2的光谱检测

基于功能互补原理,将Dawson型多阴离子P_2W_(18)O_(62)~(6-)可逆的电致变色性质与Tb~(3+)优异的发光性质相结合,在外加氧化还原电位下实现了P_2W_(18)O_(62)~(6-)@Tb~(3+)混合溶液可逆的电致变色及荧光开关性能,考察外加还原电位对电致变色响应时间及荧光开关能量转移效率的影响,在-0.38、-0.69、-0.85 V下混合溶液的能量转移效率分别为85.97%、87.53%、93.42%。在此基础上,将电化学还原与化学氧化相结合实现了P_2W_(18)O_(62)~(6-)@Tb~(3+)混合溶液对H_2O_2紫外可见、荧光双光谱检测,紫外可见、荧光光谱法对H_2O_2的检出限分别为1.76×10~(-2)、3.04μmol·L~(-1)。     

金纳米团簇荧光材料的制备及其应用于测定食品中的过氧化氢

以胰蛋白酶作为保护剂和还原剂,在胰蛋白酶和氯金酸混合溶液中合成了具有红色荧光的水溶性金纳米团簇(T-Au NCs)。考察了合成时间以及胰蛋白酶溶液的质量浓度对T-Au NCs荧光性能的影响,确立了最佳合成条件。荧光光谱表征说明T-Au NCs的最大激发和发射波长分别为500,640nm,采用X射线光电子能谱表征了T-Au NCs中金的价态,并计算得到T-Au NCs的荧光量子产率为2.2%。基于过氧化氢对金纳米团簇的荧光猝灭作用,采用荧光光谱法测定食品中的过氧化氢残留量。过氧化氢的浓度的线性范围为0.050~1.00mmol·L~(-1),检出限为7μmol·L~(-1)。对4种食品中过氧化氢残留量的测定结果与国家标准方法的测定结果一致。     

双臂罗丹明类荧光探针应用于Hg~(2+)的识别

合成了一种基于罗丹明衍生物的荧光探针F1,用于识别Hg~(2+)。当在乙腈(1+1)溶液中加入1倍当量(10μmol·L~(-1))的Hg~(2+)时,探针F1在波长561nm处出现明显的吸收峰,其荧光强度(λ_(ex)=550nm,λ_(em)=580nm)增加7.5倍,溶液由无色变为粉红色,这是由于Hg~(2+)和罗丹明螺内酰胺螯合引发开环所致。其他常见的金属离子对探针F1识别Hg~(2+)不产生干扰。在较宽的酸度范围内,Hg~(2+)浓度在0.2~8μmol·L~(-1)内与荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限(3σ/s)为0.15μmol·L~(-1)。     

过氧化氢-钴-纳米银体系共振散射法测定痕量过氧化氢

基于纳米银与Co~(2+)的络合反应及H_2O_2与Co~(2+)的类Fenton反应,建立了一种测定H_2O_2的共振散射方法。在pH=5.2的柠檬酸-磷酸氢二钠缓冲液中,530nm处,H_2O_2浓度在0.02~0.4μmol·L~(-1)范围内与共振散射强度降低值△I呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r为0.9966,检出限为1.07×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)。该法用于池塘水和雨水中过氧化氢的测定,回收率分别为104.26%和97.63%,同时探讨了反应机理。     

钇(Ⅲ)-肾上腺素络合物荧光特性的研究与应用

研究了Y~(3+)与肾上腺素(E)形成配合物体系的荧光光谱特性及实验条件对荧光强度的影响。在pH为5.0的HMA-HCl缓冲溶液中,Y~(3+)和肾上腺素相互作用,使肾上腺素在320 nm处的特征荧光显著增强,稀土共发光离子Dy~(3+)的加入使得荧光强度进一步加强,最大激发和发射波长分别为290和320 nm。据此建立了分析痕量肾上腺素含量的新的荧光光度法,方法的线性范围为4.00×10-6~3.26×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1),肾上腺素在该浓度范围内与体系的荧光强度有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999,检出限为3.05×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)(S/N=3)。可用于盐酸肾上腺素针剂、血清和猪饲料中肾上腺素含量的检测。     

稀土Eu~(3+)荧光探针法测定饮用水中那氟沙星的含量

在十二烷基苯磺酸钠和Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中那氟沙星与稀土铕(Eu~(3+))形成络合物,在618nm处发出荧光。基于此,以Eu~(3+)为探针,采用荧光光谱法测定那氟沙星的含量。那氟沙星的浓度与荧光强度呈线性关系,线性范围为2.0×10~(-5)~1.0×10~(-4) mol·L~(-1),检出限(3s/k)为4.0×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)。加标回收率为97.5%~101%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.4%~2.2%。     

柱前衍生-毛细管电泳法测定尿液中的羟脯氨酸

以对甲氧基苯磺酰氯作为柱前衍生化试剂,采用毛细管电泳法测定尿液中羟脯氨酸的含量。优化的试验条件如下:1以含有25mmol·L~(-1)十二烷基磺酸钠的pH 10.00的20mmol·L~(-1)硼酸缓冲溶液为缓冲介质;2衍生反应温度为50℃;3衍生时间为15 min;4测定波长为235nm。羟脯氨酸的浓度在2.5~200μmol·L~(-1)范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为1.25μmol·L~(-1)。对5mmol·L~(-1)羟脯氨酸标准溶液连续测定6次,测定值的相对标准偏差为2.1%。方法用于尿液的分析,加标回收率在97.8%~103%之间。     

胶束增敏荧光法测定大鼠血清中荜茇宁

蒙药荜茇有效成分荜茇宁具有荧光,且荧光可被表面活性剂吐温-20增敏,同时,其同步荧光光谱能消除血清样品的背景荧光对荜茇宁荧光光谱的干扰,据此建立了直接测定大鼠血清中荜茇宁浓度的新方法。荜茇宁的线性范围为5.47×10~(-3)~3.28μg·m L~(-1),检出限为1.20×10~(-3)μg·m L~(-1),样品回收率为100.6%,相对标准偏差为2.7%。方法可用于大鼠血清样品中荜茇宁浓度的直接测定。     

Sol-gel synthesis of K3InF6 and structural characterization of K2InC10O10H6F9, K3InC12O14H4F18 and K3InC12O12F18

K₃InF₆ is synthesized by a sol-gel route starting from indium and potassium acetates dissolved in isopropanol in the stoichiometry 1:3, with trifluoroacetic acid as fluorinating agent. The crystal structures of the organic precursors were solved by X-ray diffraction methods on single crystals. Three organic compounds were isolated and identified: K₂InC₁₀O₁₀H₆F₉, K₃InC₁₂O₁₄H₄F₁₈ and K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈. The first one, deficient in potassium in comparison with the initial stoichiometry, is unstable. In its crystal structure, acetate as well as trifluoroacetate anions are coordinated to the indium atom. The two other precursors are obtained, respectively, by quick and slow evaporation of the solution. They correspond to the final organic compounds, which give K₃InF₆ by decomposition at high temperature. The crystal structure of K₃InC₁₂O₁₄H₄F₁₈ is characterized by complex anions [In(CF₃COO)₄(OH_x)₂]^(5−2x)− and isolated [CF₃COOH_2−x]^(x−1)− molecules with x=2 or 1, surrounded by K⁺ cations. The crystal structure of K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈ is only constituted by complex anions [In(CF₃COO)₆]³⁻ and K⁺ cations. For all these compounds, potassium cations ensure only the electroneutrality of the structure. IR spectra of K₂InC₁₀O₁₀H₆F₉ and K₃InC₁₂O₁₂F₁₈ were also performed at room temperature on pulverized crystals.     

Phase relations in the K2W2O7-K2WO4-KPO3-Bi2O3 system and structure of K6.5Bi2.5W4P6O34

The phase relations in the cross-section of the K₂W₂O₇-K₂WO₄-KPO₃ containing 15 mol% Bi₂O₃ were undertaken using flux method. Crystallization fields of K_6.5Bi_2.5W₄P₆O₃₄, K₂Bi(PO₄)(WO₄), Bi₂WO₆, KBi(WO₄)₂ and their cocrystallization areas were identified. Novel phase K_6.5Bi_2.5W₄P₆O₃₄ was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction: sp. gr. P−1, a=9.4170(5), b=9.7166(4), c=17.6050(7) Å, α=90.052(5)°, β=103.880(5)° and γ=90.125(5)°. It has a layered structure, which contains {K₇Bi₅W₈P₁₂O₆₈}_∞ layers stacked parallel to ab plane and sheets composed by potassium atoms separating these layers. Sandwich-like {K₇Bi₅W₈P₁₂O₆₈}_∞ layers are assembled from [W₂P₂O₁₃]_∞ and [BiPO₄]_∞ building units, and are penetrated by tunnels with K/Bi atoms inside. FTIR-spectra of K₂Bi(PO₄)(WO₄) and K_6.5Bi_2.5W₄P₆O₃₄ were discussed on the basis of factor group theory.     

Li2SO4-Na2SO4-H2O和Li2SO4- K2SO4-H2O溶液的体积性质

本文用高精度数字式振荡管密度计测定了288K至318K温度范围内Li₂SO₄ + Na₂SO₄ + H₂O和 Li₂SO₄ + K₂SO₄ + H₂O三元体系的密度。混合溶液的离子强度范围从0.1到4.5 mol.kg_–1,混合溶液中Na₂SO₄和K₂SO₄的离子强度分数为0.2,0.4,0.6和0.8。用密度实验值拟合得到了不同温度下Pitzer离子相互作用模型混合参数θ_V和 ψ_V,模型的计算值与实验值的偏差在±0.002 g.cm_–3以内。用Pitzer模型计算了不同离子强度下三元体系的混合体积。     

Extension of the La7Mo7O30 structural type with La7Nb3W4O30 and La7Ta3W4O30 compounds

Two compounds of formula La₇A₃W₄O₃₀ (with A=Nb and Ta) were prepared by solid-state reaction at 1450 and 1490 °C. They crystallize in the rhombohedric space group R-3 (No. 148), with the hexagonal parameters: , and , . The structure of the materials was analyzed from X-ray, neutron and electronic diffraction. These oxides are isostructural of the reduced molybdenum compound La₇Mo₇O₃₀, which are formed of perovskite rod along [111]. An order between (Nb, Ta) and W is observed.     

KCl-KBO2-K2CO3, K2MoO4-KBO2-K2CO3, and K2WO4-KBO2-K2CO3 ternary systems

phase diagrams of KCl-KBO₂-K₂CO₃, K₂MoO₄-KBO₂-K₂CO₃, and K₂WO₄-KBO₂-K₂CO₃ ternary systems were studied by a calculation-experimental method and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The coordinates of ternary eutectics were determined to be E ₁: 622°C, 8.5 mol % KBO₂, 56.5 mol % KCl, and 35 mol % K₂CO₃; E ₂: 710°C, 23 mol % KBO₂, 43 mol % K₂CO₃, and 34 mol % K₂MoO₄; E ₃: 710°C, 23 mol % KBO₂, 43 mol % K₂CO₃, and 34 mol % K₂WO₄. The specific heats of melting of the eutectics were determined.     

Li2O-TiO2-SiO2-P2O5和Li2O-TiO2-Al2O3-P2O5体系锂离子固体电解质的制备及性能研究

一些具有NASICON型网格结构的固体电解质具有高的电导率和好的稳定性,NASICON的意思是Na Super Ionic Conductor[1]。当NaZr2(PO4)3中P5 被Si4 部分取代时便可以得到具有NASICON结构的Na1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系,其具有高的钠离子电导率。然而有相同结构的Li1 xZr2SixP3-xO12体系的离子电导率却很低,这是因为Li 半径太小,而NASICON三维网格结构的离子通道太大,两者不匹配而使电导率下降[2]。但当LiZr2(PO4)3中Zr4 被离子半径小些的Ti4 取代,所得LiTi2(PO4)3的通道就与Li 半径相匹配,适合于锂离子的迁移,从而使其电导率…     

Preparation and structure of NaSr0.5Al2B2O7 and NaCa0.5Al2B2O7

Two compounds NaSr_0.5Al₂B₂O₇ and NaCa_0.5Al₂B₂O₇, have been found to crystallize into a new structure type by Rietveld refinement from X-ray powder diffraction data. Their structure belongs to hexagonal space group P6₃/m, with lattice parameters of , for NaSr_0.5Al₂B₂O₇ and , for NaCa_0.5Al₂B₂O₇, respectively. The structure is built up by [Al₂B₂O₇]²⁻ double layer and Na⁺/Ca²⁺ or Na⁺/Sr²⁺ ions alternatively stacking along the c-axis. The sites in the inter-double layer are fully occupied jointly by Na and Ca or Sr, but the intra-double layer sites are only half occupied solely by Na. A mechanism of the transition of the structure from CaAl₂B₂O₇ to present structure type by replacing only 1% Ca by Na (2%) as observed by Chang and Keszler (Mater. Res. Bull. 33 (1998) 299) is also proposed.     

SnSbBiS4-SnS and SnSbBiS4-Sn2Sb6S11 sections of the SnS-Sb2S3-Bi2S3 ternary system

SnSbBiS₄-SnS and SnSbBiS₄-Sn₂Sb₆S₁₁ sections were studied by physicochemical methods (DTA, X-ray powder diffraction, microstructure observation, and microhardness measurements). These sections were found to be eutectic quasi-binary sections of the SnS-Sb₂S₃-Bi₂S₃ ternary system. Solid solution regions based on the initial components were found on either side of the sections. Alloys in the solid solution region are p-type semiconductors.     

Structural chemistry of Sr3Cr2WO9, Ca3Cr2WO9, and Ba3Cr2WO9

We have studied the preparation and crystallographic structure of three perovskite-type compounds: Sr₃Cr₂WO₉, cubic, the lattice parameter of which is a = 7.812Å; Ca₃Cr₂WO₉, tetragonal, the lattice parameters of which are a = 5.408 Å and c = 7.635Å; and Ba₃Cr₂WO₉, hexagonal, the lattice parameters of which are a = 5.691 Å and c = 13.957Å. We have compared these three structures and shown the relationship between the dimensions of the alkaline-earth metal and the existence of the different structures.     

Solubility in the Na2Cr2O7-(NH4)2Cr2O7-K2Cr2O7-H2O system

Solubility in the Na₂Cr₂O₇-(NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇-K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂O four-component water-salt system at 25, 50, and 75°C was studied for the first time. Phase field boundaries for individual salts and potassium and ammonium dichromate solid solutions, monovariant lines, and invariant points were determined. Experimental data were used to optimize the looped isohydric process of potassium dichromate preparation involving additional salts.