1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)柱前衍生化寡糖链的HPLC分离及其激光解吸电离质谱分析

以1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)为衍生化试剂对寡糖链进行标记, 用氨水替代氢氧化钠溶液作碱性介质, 衍生化反应后氨水可通过干燥除去, 省去了脱盐处理过程, 衍生化的寡糖可直接进行激光解吸电离质谱分析. 建立起了PMP衍生化寡糖的RP-HPLC分离分析模式, 在此HPLC分析条件下, 可以对标记的寡糖链进行样品分离及制备.     

基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱法检测罕见单糖合成酶

以VioF(普罗威登斯菌O30中O抗原基因簇内)编码的甲酰基转移酶酶促反应产物为研究对象,采用碰撞诱导解离(CID)负离子模式基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)技术建立简单、高效的罕见单糖合成酶监测方法。本方法首先直接质谱分析0.3μL未经色谱分离、除盐处理的酶促反应混合物,随后应用CID串联质谱技术对酶活反应产物进行结构表征,实现酶活反应的快速监测。结果表明:高能CID MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS平台适用于新建克隆的单糖合成酶酶活反应的监测,与现有的监测方法相比,在速度、灵敏度、重现性、自动化和溶剂消耗方面具有绝对优势。     

1-(2-萘基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮衍生试剂的制备及其在高效液相色谱-质谱法测定糖类化合物中的应用

以1-(2-萘基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(NMP)作为柱前衍生试剂,建立了简单、灵敏的糖类组分的反相高效液相色谱测定方法。NMP与糖在氨为催化剂的条件下,于70 ℃下反应可获得稳定的衍生产物。在Hypersil ODS 2反相色谱柱上,实现了8种单糖的基线分离。衍生物线性相关系数均大于0.9985,检出限为0.58～1.1 pmol。利用柱后在线串联质谱的电喷雾电离正离子模式监测,获得了各组分的质谱定性及裂解规律,特别是m/z 473的特征碎片离子可作为单糖NMP衍生物的判定依据。与1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)相比,NMP对糖的衍生化具有灵敏、简单、质谱裂解规律性强、重现性好等优点。该方法用于测定油菜花粉多糖中的单糖组成,结果令人满意。     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱法分析海带岩藻聚糖的单糖及糖醛酸组成

建立了一种柱前衍生高效液相色谱法同时测定海带中岩藻聚糖的单糖及糖醛酸组成的方法.岩藻聚糖经4 mol/L三氟乙酸降解后,用1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)进行衍生化,并采用配有紫外检测器的反相高效液相色谱仪在250 nm波长下进行测定,实现了7种单糖和糖醛酸的良好分离.结果表明:该岩藻聚糖样品由5种单糖和2种...     

单糖衍生物的电喷雾质谱裂解规律研究

以1-(2-萘基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(NMP)作单糖标识剂, 经在线串联的LC-ESI-MS建立了单糖衍生物的电喷雾质谱裂解方法.衍生物在质谱裂解中糖类化合物特有的规范信息.借助糖类化合物在ESI-MS条件下表现出的分子离子峰m/z [M H] , 及在ESI-MS/MS条件下呈现出的特征碎片离子峰m/z 473, 可有效地确定出单糖类化合物的组成. 尽管一些脂肪醛和芳香醛也能同时被标识, 然而在质谱条件下不产生m/z 473的特征碎片离子峰, 且它们的洗脱远在糖类组分之后, 因此不干扰糖类化合物的分离和结构确定.通过建立的LC-ESI-MS方法, 对水解蜂花粉中的单糖进行了分析.结果表明: 水解的蜂花粉中含甘露糖(Man)、半乳糖醛酸(GalUA)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcUA)、鼠李糖(Rha)、葡萄糖 (Glc)、半乳糖(Gal)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)、木糖(Xyl)和岩藻糖(Fuc).本方法为环境样品中单糖类化合物的确定提供了准确、可靠的技术手段.     

11-脱氧甘草次酸乙酯3-单糖链皂苷的合成及其活性研究

合成了5种11-脱氧甘草次酸3-单糖链皂苷并初步探讨其生物活性.以苯甲酰基保护的糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯为供体,在三氟甲磺酸三甲基硅脂(TMSOTf)的催化作用下与11-脱氧甘草次酸乙酯C(3)位羟基发生糖苷化反应,以较好的产率制备得苯甲酰基保护的11-脱氧甘草次酸乙酯3-单糖链皂苷7a～7e,用NaOMe/MeOH溶液脱除苯甲酰基得11-脱氧甘草次酸乙酯3-单糖链皂苷8a～8e.合成的5个11-脱氧甘草次酸3-单糖链皂苷均为新化合物,结构经1H NMR、质谱、元素分析确证,活性实验表明化合物8a对高浓度N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中枯草芽孢杆菌的生长具有保护作用,化合物8e对高浓度DMF中大肠杆菌、酵母菌的生长具有保护作用.     

秸秆稀酸水解液的气相色谱／质谱法研究

在秸秆两步稀酸水解工艺中,用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)法对其水解液中的单糖成分进行测定,采用2%硼氢化钠的氨溶液将稀酸水解液中的单糖还原成糖醇,然后在甲基咪唑催化剂的作用下和乙酸酐在水相中直接反应生成乙酰化的糖醇,用二氯甲烷萃取后进行GC/MS测定.研究结果表明:秸秆稀酸水解液中有五种单糖,主要是木糖和葡萄糖,其次是阿拉伯糖、半乳糖和少量的甘露糖;利用此方法测定了一批秸秆稀酸水解液,得到了该秸秆稀酸水解过程的最佳的反应时间.该方法可快速、准确测定秸秆稀酸水解液中单糖的浓度,为水解工艺的研究提供一种有效的分析方法.     

单糖的柱前衍生化高效液相色谱及胶束电动毛细管色谱分析的对比研究

 采用1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)衍生糖类物质,通过简化衍生方法,优化分析条件,采用胶束电动毛细管色谱(MEKC)和高效液相色谱(HPLC)两种方法对5种还原单糖的PMP衍生物实现了良好的分离。5种还原单糖衍生物的保留时间的重现性较好(MEKC法的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%(n=5),HPLC法的RSD为0.23%(n=5))。用所建立的两种方法对实际样品中的糖进行了分析,结果表明所建方法可作为实际样品中单糖分析的常规方法。     

非衍生化高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测生物体液中草甘膦、草铵膦及代谢物

建立了一种非衍生化高效液相色谱-串联质谱快速检测生物体液中草甘膦、草铵膦及其代谢物等8种极性农药的方法.8 种极性农药经Metrosep A Supp 5 阴离子色谱柱(150 mm x4.0 mm,5 μm)分离,以纯水-200 mmol/L碳酸氢铵溶液(含0.1％氨水)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,负离子多反应监测(MRM...     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速同时测定土壤中草甘膦、草铵膦及其代谢物

建立了快速同时测定土壤中草甘膦(GLY)、草铵膦(GLUF)及其代谢物的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法.分别对前处理和色谱-质谱条件进行优化,样品采用0.5 mol/L氨水作为溶剂振荡提取,离心,上清液过滤膜后,直接采用HPLC-MS/MS测定,电喷雾离子源(ESI-),多反应监测(MRM)模式...     

柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法分析多糖中的单糖组成

报道了多糖中单糖组成的柱前衍生化高效液相色谱测定方法。采用反向高效液相色谱250nm紫外检测和使用梯度洗脱，6种还原单糖的1－苯基－3－甲基－5－吡唑啉酮衍生实现了良好的分离并具有良好的峰形。对单糖组成的定量测定进行了方法学考察，建立了单糖组成分析的数据分析方法，并用所建立方法对一个多糖中的单糖组成进行了分析，获得良好的重复性。     

High-performance liquid chromatographic detection and quantitation of amines in must and wine

Three fluorigenic reagents were tried in order to increase the sensitivity of the detection of various amines. The derivatives formed were then used to develop a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure for the separation of at least five amines. Dns-C1 and fluorescamine were rejected. The chromatogram of Dns-amines from red wine was overcrowded with unidentifiable peaks. It was then postulated that ammonia or phenol derivatives or other by-products of the Dns derivatization reaction interfered with the separation of amines. Fluorescamine, although it produced highly fluorescent derivatives, had the drawback of reacting with di- and polyamines to give more than one derivative and this interfered with the resolution. o-Phthaldialdehyde (OPT) was used successfully for the derivatization of amines in red must and wine. The method involved the reaction of amines with OPT in the presence of mercaptoethanol followed by extraction of the derivatives with ethyl acetate. A reversed-phase HPLC system was developed for the separation of OPT derivatives of agmatine, cadaverine, ethanolamine, histamine, phenylethylamine, putrescine, tryptamine, tyramine, spermine and spermidine within 40 min.     

3-氨基-9-乙基咔唑衍生化寡糖混合物的高效液相色谱分离及激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析

建立了以3-氨基-9-乙基咔唑(AEC)为衍生化试剂对寡糖的标记方法。寡糖的还原端与AEC的伯氨基反应生成烯胺,再被NaBH3CN还原为二级胺,使得寡糖被AEC标记。衍生物通过反相高效液相色谱分离纯化,采用的色谱柱为Waters Symmetry C18柱(3.9 mm×150 mm,5 μm),乙腈和乙酸铵水溶液(pH 4.5)为流动相,梯度洗脱,在254 nm波长处检测,并以基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱进行分析。在此衍生化条件和色谱条件下,葡寡糖衍生物分离良好,并且AEC衍生可显著提高葡寡糖的质谱检测灵敏度。该方法适用于寡糖的分离纯化和结构分析,并与生物质谱具有良好的兼容性,表明该方法在微量寡糖链分析方面有广阔的应用前景。     

Chiral amines as reagents for HPLC-MS enantioseparation of chiral carboxylic acids

Mass spectrometry (MS) has become a popular analytical technique because of its high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the use of a chiral derivatization reagent for the MS detection seems to be efficient for the enantiomeric separation of racemates. However, the number of chiral reagents for the liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis is very limited. The applicability of commercially available chiral amines as the derivatization reagents for the enantiomeric separation of chiral carboxylic acids is reported in this paper by using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), i.e. ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, and loxoprofen. The efficiency of the chiral reagents was evaluated in terms of tagging easiness, separation by reversed-phase chromatography, and detection sensitivity by electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS. Among the tested eight chiral amines, i.e. (R)-(+)-4-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-7-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-APy), (S)-(+)-1-(2-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-pyrrolidine (PMP), L-prolinamide, (3R)-(-)-1-benzyl-3-aminopyrrolidine, (S)-(+)-1-cyclohexyl-ethylamine, (3R)-(+)-3-(trifluoroacetamido)-pyrrolidine (TFAP), (R)-(-)-1-aminoindan (AI), and (S)-(+)-tetrahydrofurfuryl-amine, DBD-APy, PMP, AI, and TFAP could be used as the chiral reagents for the enantiomeric separation of the NSAIDs. The Rs values and the detection limits of the derivatives were in the range of 1.29-3.85 and 0.57-0.96 fmol, respectively. These four reagents were applied for the determination of the NSAIDs in rat plasma.     

Capillary electrophoretic analysis of carbohydrates derivatized by in-capillary condensation with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone

Our previous papers on capillary electrophoresis (CE) have shown that samples can be derivatized in a capillary and the derivatives can be analyzed immediately after derivatization, provided that the derivatization reaction is so rapid as to complete in seconds. The present paper presents extended application of in-capillary derivatization to a much slower reaction such as the condensation of reducing carbohydrates with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) which requires 30 min at 70 degrees C in pre-column derivatization by manual operation. It was necessary to first drive the introduced plugs of sample and reagent solutions to put them together at the entrance of the heated portion of a capillary, then to allow the superimposed plugs to react for a relevant period. We showed how to determine the introduction times of the sample and the reagent solutions as well as intermediate running buffer, the voltages to be applied for plug driving and product analysis, and the duration of voltage application, all of which are important for effective in-capillary derivatization. An example of the analysis of maltooligosaccharides by this technique is presented. It was shown that maltooligosaccharides were quantitatively derivatized with PMP in 35 min at 57 degrees C, and the derivatives could be analyzed in ca. 15 min by CE immediately after derivatization. Separation was satisfactory in 200 mM borate buffer, pH 8.2 containing sodium dodecyl sulfate to a concentration of 200 mM. Although the theoretical plate number, and accordingly the resolution, were significantly lower than the corresponding values in pre-capillary derivatization, reasonable reproducibility was ensured for both migration time (RSD 3.5% on average) and peak area (RSD less than 3%) under the optimized conditions. It is notable that sample amount could be lowered to the 10 fmol level, in contrast to the 10 pmol level in pre-capillary derivatization. In addition, since the technique employed here (the modified at-inlet technique of in-capillary derivatization) is easily automated, the established system will be highly beneficial for routine analysis of carbohydrates. Analysis by this technique was also shown to be useful for kinetic study of the derivatization reaction.     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用分析PPMP衍生化的壳寡糖

以1-(4-异丙基)苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PPMP)为衍生化试剂在氨水介质中对壳寡糖链进行衍生化,衍生化产物用RP-HPLC分离和ESI-MS分析。结果表明在确定的衍生化条件下,PPMP和壳寡糖的衍生化产物主要为单分子衍生物,此单分子PPMP衍生物在ESI-MS的正负离子模式下均有较好的响应,并且在RP-HPLC柱上能够实现很好的分离。据此建立了PPMP柱前衍生HPLC/ESI-MS在线联用检测壳寡糖混合物组成的方法。该法可作为壳寡糖样品在质量控制、构效关系研究等方面的方法参考。     

Analysis of sialo-N-glycans in glycoproteins as 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone derivatives by capillary electrophoresis

A method for the analysis of the sialo-N-glycans in glycoproteins was established by the electrokinetic chromatography mode of capillary electrophoresis (CE) in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles as 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) derivatives, using sialo-N-glycans in fetuin as a model. Six major and some minor peaks were observed for the N-glycans in fetuin, which were well separated from each other using 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.0, containing SDS to a concentration of 30 mM in an uncoated fused-silica capillary, and these peaks were assigned to sialo-N-glycans having either of the biantennary or β1-3/β1-4 linked galactose-containing complex type triantennary N-glycans as the basic structures, by an indirect method based on the assignment of the peaks in high-performance liquid chromatography separated in parallel with CE and peak collation between these two separation methods. The attaching position of the sialic acid residue was determined using the linkage preference of neuraminidase isozymes. The established system is considered to be useful for routine analysis of microheterogeneity of the carbohydrate moiety of this model glycoprotein from the following reasons: (1) the derivatization with PMP proceeds quantitatively under mild conditions without causing release of the sialic acid residue, (2) the derivatives can be sensitively detected by UV absorption, (3) the procedure is simple, rapid and reproducible. Preliminary results of N-glycan analysis for several other glycoproteins under these conditions are also presented.     

Application of dansyl derivatization to the high pressure liquid chromatographic identification of equine estrogens

The HPLC qualitative analysis of conjugated estrogens is accomplished by a two-step procedure involving the formation of the corresponding dansyl derivatives. The first step involves the acid hydrolysis of the conjugated estrogens, followed by dansyl derivatization and HPLC separation of these derivatives on a liChrosorb Si-60 column with 50% (v/v) chloroform-n-heptane as the mobile phase. All of the dansyl estrogens are well separated except for the 17-keto estrogens, estrone, equilin, and equilenin. The second step, designed to detect the three 17-keto estrogens, begins with the selective sodium borohydride reduction of the conjugated 17-keto estrogens to the corresponding 17-hydroxyl compounds (the beta-epimer being formed in vast predominance over the alpha-epimer), followed by acid hydrolysis, dansyl derivatization, and HPLC separation of the derivatives as in the first step. Detection of the 17-keto estrogens is possible by determining differences in peak heights between the chromatograms of the first and second analyses. The The proposed method is sensitive, the dansyl derivatives stable, and nine different estrogens can be readily identified.     

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of amino acid enantiomers as methyl chloroformate derivatives: application to space analysis

This work describes a GC-MS method for enantioselective separation of amino acids. The method is based on a derivatization reaction which employs a mixture of alkyl chloroformate-alcohol-pyridine, as reagents to obtain the N(O,S)-alkyl alkoxy carbonyl esters of amino acids. Various reaction parameters are investigated and optimized to achieve a reproducible derivatization procedure suitable for separation of amino acid enantiomers on Chirasil-L-Val chiral stationary phase. In particular, the following topics are investigated for 20 proteinogenic amino acids: (i) the proper reagent and reaction conditions to obtain the highest derivative yield; (ii) the amino acid reactivity and the MS properties of the obtained derivatives; (iii) the linearity and sensitivity of the analytical method; (iv) the retention behavior of the derivatives and their enantiomeric separation on the Chirasil-L-Val chiral stationary phase. By combining the resolution power of the Chirasil-L-Val column and the high selectivity of the SIM MS detection mode, the described procedure enables the enantiomeric separation and quantification of 16 enantiomeric pairs of amino acids. The procedure is simple and fast and reproducible. It displays a wide linearity range at ppb detection limits for quantitative determinations: these properties make this derivatization method a suitable candidate for amino acid GC-MS analysis on board of the spacecrafts in space exploration missions of solar system body environments.