基于图像处理技术的束流剖面监视系统

 介绍了在兰州重离子加速器上利用荧光靶图像获取装置测量并计算束流剖面参数的方法,并建立了图像获取、处理、束流参数计算的实时测量软件系统。该系统具有可靠性好、测量直观、界面友好等优点。     

基于图像处理的人眼注视方向检测研究

提出了一种基于图像处理技术以实现人眼注视方向的实时检测方法。研究了人眼瞳孔、眼眶的位置、形状及其与视线方向的关系。以人眼注视不同方向时,眼睛瞳孔位置和眼眶形状产生的差异为基础,通过对所拍摄的眼部图片进行实时处理与分析,实现了对人眼注视方向的实时检测。实验结果表明了该方法的可行性及有效性。     

Magnetic cellular nonlinear network with spin wave bus for image processing

We describe and analyze a cellular nonlinear network based on magnetic nanostructures for image processing. The network consists of magneto-electric cells integrated onto a common ferromagnetic film–spin wave bus. The magneto-electric cell is an artificial two-phase multiferroic structure comprising piezoelectric and ferromagnetic materials. A bit of information is assigned to the cell’s magnetic polarization, which can be controlled by the applied voltage. The information exchange among the cells is via the spin waves propagating in the spin wave bus. Each cell changes its state as a combined effect: magneto-electric coupling and the interaction with the spin waves. The distinct feature of a network with a spin wave bus is the ability to control the inter-cell communication by an external global parameter — magnetic field. The latter makes it possible to realize different image processing functions on the same template without rewiring or reconfiguration. We present the results of numerical simulations illustrating image filtering, erosion, dilation, horizontal and vertical line detection, inversion and edge detection accomplished on one template by the proper choice of the strength and direction of the external magnetic field. We also present numerical assets on the major network parameters such as cell density, power dissipation and functional throughput, and compare them with the parameters projected for other nano-architectures such as CMOL-CrossNet, Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata, and Quantum Dot-Image Processor. Potentially, the utilization of spin wave phenomena at the nanometer scale may provide a route to low-power consumption and functional logic circuits for special task data processing.     

基于数字图像处理技术的人脸检测算法研究

为了提高人脸检测的准确性及检测速度,需要对基于数字图像处理技术的人脸检测算法进行研究。使用当前方法进行人脸检测时,需要提取脸部特征数目较多、检测速度过慢,降低人脸检测效率。为此,提出一种基于数字图像处理技术的人脸检测算法。该方法首先获取人脸数字图像,通过拉开数字图像的灰度间距,使数字图像灰度均匀分布,进而提高数字图像对比度,使图像更加清晰,再通过Wiener维纳滤算法对处理后的数字图像进行图像平滑去噪,在此基础上使用Robert边缘检测算子方法对数字图像人脸边缘每个像素点检测,得到数字图像中人脸边缘的基本图像,将其输入到计算机数字图像处理系统中进行识别检测。实验仿真证明,所提算法在检测速度及准确性等方面具有明显的优势。     

Tissue characterization by image processing subtraction: windowing of specific T1 values.

A method for windowing specific T₁ values is presented. A 1.0 T imager with two routine pulse sequences was employed: A T₁-weighted spin echo (SE) sequence and a short tau inversion recovery STIR sequence (fat-suppressed IR). A T₁ window for fat was obtained by subtracting the STIR image from the SE image. Negative values were coded black. The method was tested on a normal human thigh, on a human liver with confirmed fatty infiltration, and on the livers of four live burbots. The fat-containing tissues of the two human volunteers were well depicted. The differences in fat concentration among the burbot livers were also clearly shown. The fat intensity seen in the images correlated well with the chemically measured fat concentration. This subtraction method for windowing T₁ values proved feasible for fat. The method could be used for tissues with other short T₁ values as well.     

Full-phase image encryption by two-step phase-shifting interferometry

We have proposed a full-phase image encryption method based on double random-phase encoding in Fresnel domain and pixel random permutation (PRP) technique with the use of two-step phase-shifting interferometry (PSI) we reported recently, and verified the effectiveness of this method and its robustness against occlusion and noise attacks by a series of numerical simulations. Comparing with other similar methods, this approach can decrease the number of the interferograms to be delivered from at least three needed in ordinary PSI to only two, give much better performance of image reconstruction than amplitude-based encryption, and provide much higher security level. This method is usable for both the gray-level images and binary images, and usually the latter will lead to better results.     

Edge linking and image segmentation by combining optical and digital methods

We present a hybrid method for segmentation of intensity images, which combines an optical contouring technique and digital algorithms for linking edge points or image segmentation. In a first stage, the digital image to be processed is displayed in a twisted-nematic liquid-crystal display (LCD), which is placed between a polarizer–analyzer pair at 45 deg (instead of 90 deg as occurs in standard LCDs). It is not difficult to demonstrate that the proposed setup produces a resultant image with very pronounced dark contours at middle intensity. After the optical preprocessing, two different digital algorithms are applied: an edge linking algorithm (modified chain code) and a simple thresholding technique for image segmentation. The proposed procedure works well with monochromatic and color images. The method could be useful as a robust technique for segmentation of large images in real-time, which presents potential applications in medical and biological imaging.     

Compatibility of temporal multiplexed spatial light modulator with optical image processing

The tendency today is to replace high-dynamic light modulators by high-speed binary ones (of which the micromirror is the best example). This kind of spatial light modulators (SLM) fulfils all the present needs in displays. They are used in optical communications as binary systems and also in display applications (video projectors) with temporal multiplexing, in order to generate greyscale or colour images. In optical processing, and in the majority of coherent applications, temporal dithering introduces some distortions. In this paper, this point is studied with simulations. We point out that temporal multiplexing cannot be used in the Fourier plane. In the imaging plane, the distortion is weak if the filter has a positive impulse response.     

图像处理智能化的发展趋势

介绍了图像处理的发展趋势,对图像处理智能化的理论研究、智能高效的算法和并行处理的硬件系统等几个有关智能图像处理的问题进行了综述与评论。指出无论从军事自动目标识别（ATR）的需求考虑,还是从光学成像仪器的发展,网络视频通信,以及各种高技术的发展来看,图像处理的智能化都具有极其重要的意义,是今后图像处理领域的发展趋势。最后建议近期的工作应围绕在复杂背景下的目标自动捕获（ATA）方面开展研究。     

利用DIP技术测定荷质比

将数字图像处理(DIP)技术用于汞546.1nm谱线塞曼分裂横效应π谱线、σ谱线的图像处理,建立了CCD实时测量系统。通过多图像平均,图像细化,取样分析,快速方便地测量计算了电子的荷质比。结果表明,直接测量无法分辨的σ谱线可以通过数字图像处理测量;测量π谱线引起的相对误差小于1%,比直接测量法降低了近一个数量级。     

图像处理智能化的发展趋势

介绍了图像处理的发展趋势,对图像处理智能化的理论研究、智能高效的算法和并行处理的硬件系统等几个有关智能图像处理的问题进行了综述与评论。指出无论从军事自动目标识别(ATR)的需求考虑,还是从光学成像仪器的发展,网络视频通信,以及各种高技术的发展来看,图像处理的智能化都具有极其重要的意义,是今后图像处理领域的发展趋势。最后建议近期的工作应围绕在复杂背景下的目标自动捕获(ATA)方面开展研究。     

Classical images as quantum entanglement: An image processing analogy of the GHZ experiment

In this paper we present an optical analogy of quantum entanglement by means of classical images. As in previous works, the quantum state of two or more qbits is encoded by using the spatial modulation in amplitude and phase of an electromagnetic field. We show here that bidimensional encoding of two qbit states allows us to interpret some non local features of the joint measurement by the assumption of “astigmatic” observers with different resolving power in two orthogonal directions. As an application, we discuss the optical simulation of measuring a system characterized by multiparticle entanglement. The simulation is based on a local representation of entanglement and a classical interferometric system. In particular we show how to simulate the Greenberger-Horne Zeilinger (GHZ) argument and the experimental results which interpretation illustrates the conflict between quantum mechanics and local realism.     

Jet fuel toxicity: skin damage measured by 900-MHz MRI skin microscopy and visualization by 3D MR image processing

The toxicity of jet fuels was measured using noninvasive magnetic resonance microimaging (MRM) at 900-MHz magnetic field. The hypothesis was that MRM can visualize and measure the epidermis exfoliation and hair follicle size of rat skin tissue due to toxic skin irritation after skin exposure to jet fuels. High-resolution 900-MHz MRM was used to measure the change in size of hair follicle, epidermis thickening and dermis in the skin after jet fuel exposure. A number of imaging techniques utilized included magnetization transfer contrast (MTC), spin-lattice relaxation constant (T1-weighting), combination of T2-weighting with magnetic field inhomogeneity (T2*-weighting), magnetization transfer weighting, diffusion tensor weighting and chemical shift weighting. These techniques were used to obtain 2D slices and 3D multislice–multiecho images with high-contrast resolution and high magnetic resonance signal with better skin details. The segmented color-coded feature spaces after image processing of the epidermis and hair follicle structures were used to compare the toxic exposure to tetradecane, dodecane, hexadecane and JP-8 jet fuels. Jet fuel exposure caused skin damage (erythema) at high temperature in addition to chemical intoxication. Erythema scores of the skin were distinct for jet fuels. The multicontrast enhancement at optimized TE and TR parameters generated high MRM signal of different skin structures. The multiple contrast approach made visible details of skin structures by combining specific information achieved from each of the microimaging techniques. At short echo time, MRM images and digitized histological sections confirmed exfoliated epidermis, dermis thickening and hair follicle atrophy after exposure to jet fuels. MRM data showed correlation with the histopathology data for epidermis thickness (R²=0.9052, P<.0002) and hair root area (R²=0.88, P<.0002). The toxicity of jet fuels on skin structures was in the order of tetradecane>hexadecane>dodecane. The method showed a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 75%. By MR image processing, different color-coded skin structures were extracted and 3D shapes of the epidermis and hair follicle size were compared. In conclusion, high-resolution MRM measured the change in skin epidermis and hair follicle size due to toxicity of jet fuels. MRM offers a three-dimensional spatial visualization of the change in skin structures as a method of toxicity evaluation and for comparison of jet fuels.     

Temporal difference method for processing dynamic speckle patterns

A temporal difference method for processing dynamic speckle images is proposed. In the method two speckle images of an object, separated by a time interval, are subtracted one from the other to detect whether the speckle structure has changed or not. The rationale of the method is discussed. A variant of the method that allows measuring the area of an activity zone surrounded by a static region is tested in digital simulations. As a demonstrative experiment, that variant is employed to characterize the drying of a damp patch in filter paper.     

抛物面镜系统的光学图像处理

讨论了抛物面镜的变换特性;提出用一个凹抛物面反射镜组成光学图像处理系统,进行了相干光,部分相干光和白光的若干光学图像处理实验,证明了系统的可行性,并对系统的实用意义作了若干讨论.     

利用图像处理技术实现物体运动信息的采集与处理

在开发目前的图像处理技术的基础上,实现了运动物体信息的采集与处理,得到物体的运动规律,介绍了用该方法完成的两个实验的结果。     

Research on target photoelectricity track method and improved image processing arithmetic in dynamic targets detection system

To solve the problem that the complexity background affects the dynamic target detection performance, which causes detection performance instability in dynamic target track system, this paper is to study target photoelectricity track method based on revolving image sensor, analyze dynamic targets track principle and track geometry relation on optical image track instrument, put forward the improved Mean Shift target track arithmetic and the improved difference image processing arithmetic to eliminate the background effect; research the positive and negative difference image processing algorithm and image target region extraction, analyze the flow of image processing arithmetic and derivate their calculation method by gathering target image in track detection system. Through experimentation gathering and processing target sequence image, the results show the target track method and processing arithmetic are accurate and feasible.     

离轴抛物面镜的单件加工技术

介绍了单件加工离轴抛物面镜的基本过程。主要是先按公式算出起始球面半径，并磨好这个球面。然后计算出最大非球面修磨量，根据其大小决定修改非球面从细磨开始还是直接用抛光修改。用刀口检验离轴抛物面时的要点是一定要用直角刀口。修磨时要先修误差最突出的地方。关键的问题是避免出现马鞍形的局部误差。     

一种位相板衍射图样的图像处理新方法

本文介绍了在半导体激光光纤和位相板相结合的准直情况下，利用ＣＣＤ探测器测量大尺寸形位误差的原理，并针对位相板衍射图像的特点，提出了一种处理此类衍射图样的图像处理新方法——投影法。同在时间上采用的多次平均的方法相比较，投影法相当于采用了空间上的平均，消除了ＣＣＤ表面保护玻璃形成的干涉条纹的影响，对空气扰动也起到了很好的抑制作用。并且使二维图像处理变为一维计算，大大提高了计算速度     

基于快速傅里叶变换的条纹图像处理研究

为提高船体扭转角变形测量精度,对双光栅干涉测量法产生的莫尔条纹采用快速傅里叶变换频域处理。采集不同宽度的莫尔条纹图像,分别对图像进行快速傅里叶变换,对比分析图像频谱,得到实际莫尔条纹图像的有效频率信息。分析滤波器的选择原则,选用陷波低通滤波器,去除频域图像中高频噪声,获得莫尔条纹有效信息。实验结果表明,莫尔条纹的频域处理精度远高于空域处理结果,使扭转角测量精度提高到1.2″。