Synthesis of Nitriles from Aldoximes Using Silica Gel as Catalyst Under Microwave Irradiation

Abstract

A rapid and efficient synthesis of nitriles via dehydration from the corresponding aldoximes has been carried out in the presence of Silica gel as catalyst under microwave irradiation in 83–95% yield.     

Synthesis of gem-Dihydroperoxides from Ketones and Aldehydes Using Silica Sulfuric Acid as Heterogeneous Reusable Catalyst

Silica sulfuric acid (SSA) was found to efficiently catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones directly into the corresponding gem-dihydroperoxides (DHPs) on treatment with aqueous 30% H₂O₂ at room temperature. Mild reaction conditions, good to excellent yields, short reaction times, low environmental impact, and recyclability of the catalyst are the main advantages of this synthetic method.     

One-Pot Synthesis of Heterocyclic beta-Chlorovinyl Aldehydes Using Vilsmeier Reagent

3-Chloro-1H-indole-2-carboxaldehydes are obtained in moderate yields by the one-pot reaction of various substituted 2-[(carboxymethyl)amino]benzoic acids (1a-d) using Vilsmeier reagent (DMF/POCl(3)). The benzfused acyclic diacids analogous to 1a in which nitrogen was replaced by oxygen and sulfur also underwent the reaction smoothly. 3-Chloro-1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxaldehyde was obtained as the only product by the reaction of N-carboxymethyl beta-alanine.     

Silica Gel Supported Ferric Perchlorate: A New and Efficient Reagent for One Pot Synthesis of Amides from Benzylic Alcohols

Benzylic alcohols react efficiently with nitriles in the presence of silica gel supported ferric perchlorate to produce amides in high yields.     

An Efficient and Practical Procedure for Synthesis of 1,1‐Diacetates from Aldehydes Catalyzed by Zirconium Sulfate Tetrahydrate–Silica Gel

Abstract

A facile and efficient procedure for synthesis of 1,1‐diacetates from aldehydes with acetic anhydride was described using zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate–silica gel as catalyst in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.     

以硅胶为牺牲载体合成分子印迹聚合物

本文采用一种合成分子印迹聚合物的新方法,以薄层层析硅胶为牺牲载体,在印迹过程完成以后,用氢氟酸将其洗去。整个制备过程工艺简单,原料利用率高,制得的分子印迹聚合物颗粒均一规整,Scatchard分析表明特异吸附能力明显增大。     

Synthesis of Monolithic Silica Gel in Alkaline Medium

The influence exerted by the basicity and nucleophilicity of a number of organic amines on the formation of a monolithic silica gel by the organic sol-gel method was studied.     

Mechanochemical Synthesis of a Hydrogenation Catalyst from Nickel Oxide and Silica Gel

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - For the first time, silica gel-supported nickel hydrogenation catalyst has been synthesized via the mechanochemical method from oxides in a single stage. A...     

硅胶的表面硫醇化改性及对水溶液中罗丹明B的固载

运用γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷对硅胶表面硫醇化修饰改性,红外及拉曼光谱分析表明硅胶的表面硫醇化借助硅胶表面羟基与γ-巯丙基二乙氧基硅烷间的化学键联实现。实验条件下改性硅胶对水体罗丹明B的吸附性能明显提升,改性硅胶表面罗丹明B的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型,吸附等温线服从Langmuir等温线规律,由等温吸附计算得到的热力学函数变化表明吸附系自发、放热过程。吸附动力学、热力学及光谱表征均表明改性硅胶上罗丹明B的吸附主要为其在改性硅胶表面借助电价和共价键联的化学吸附。     

硅胶的表面硫醇化改性及对水溶液中罗丹明B的固载

运用γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷对硅胶表面硫醇化修饰改性, 红外及拉曼光谱分析表明硅胶的表面硫醇化借助硅胶表面羟基与γ-巯丙基二乙氧基硅烷间的化学键联实现。实验条件下改性硅胶对水体罗丹明B的吸附性能明显提升, 改性硅胶表面罗丹明B的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型, 吸附等温线服从Langmuir等温线规律, 由等温吸附计算得到的热力学函数变化表明吸附系自发、放热过程。吸附动力学、热力学及光谱表征均表明改性硅胶上罗丹明B的吸附主要为其在改性硅胶表面借助电价和共价键联的化学吸附。     

Synthesis of Difluoromethylthioesters from Aldehydes

Difluoromethylthioester compounds are yet another important kind of organofluorine compound and are reported here for the first time. They can be efficiently synthesized from various aldehydes. The synthetic method features mild reaction conditions, good tolerance of functional groups, broad substrate scope, and importantly, no metal is involved in the reaction. The approach has the potential to become an important tool for the late‐stage functionalization of advanced synthetic intermediates, and should have many applications in medicinal chemistry.     

Nitric Acid on Silica Gel: A Useful Nitrating Reagent for Activated Aromatic Compounds

Phenols and arylmethyl ethers are rapidly mononitrated by nitric acid adsorbed in silica gel at room temperature in high yields.     

蒸气促进干胶法合成硅胶负载的TS-1纳米晶

采用蒸气促进的干胶法, 在工业硅胶上原位合成出TS-1纳米晶. 先用TS-1合成液浸渍硅胶, 再于130 ℃下和水蒸气作用2 d, 得到硅胶上负载的TS-1纳米晶. 采用XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis和NMR谱以及N2吸附、 ICP、 SEM和TEM等对所得样品进行了表征. 结果表明, 将TS-1纳米晶负载在硅胶上, 其晶粒大小为20 nm左右, Ti进入了分子筛的骨架; 所得的TS-1/silica gel复合材料的比表面积为113.2 m2/g, 平均中孔孔径达到23.7 nm. 将其用于苯的羟基化反应, 以n(C6H6)/n(H2O2)=3进料, 环丁砜为溶剂, 于100 ℃下反应2 h, 苯的转化率达到8.7%, 苯酚的选择性超过99%, 苯的氧化速率(TOF)为11.37, 其催化活性明显高于传统水热合成的TS-1.     

Photoluminescence from CdS Quantum Dots in Silica Gel

CdS semiconductor nanocrystals were grown as quantum dots (QDs) inside a silica matrix obtained by the sol-gelmethod and assisted in the mother liquid by high powerultrasounds. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) accountsfor a 3.6 nm crystal size homogeneously distributed. Optical excitation from the third harmonic of a Nd:YAG ns laser wasfocused on the sample to study the photoluminescence (PL) atroom temperature. The PL spectrum shows radiative processfrom intrinsic transitions and a broad band corresponding tothe traps. Variable stripe length (VSL) method was used to measure the optical gain spectra by the growth of theamplified luminescence. A broad optical gain spectrumproduced by the biexciton-exciton transitions revealing thestimulated emission from the CdS QDs. It is also observed ared-shift of the PL emission crystal size-dependent.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Silica Gel Particles Functionalized with Bioactive Materials

Bioactive materials (having an amino acid, Ac-Tryptophan, A or a peptide, Ac-Trp-Ala-Ala, B) were anchored onto silica particles. A photoactive linker (N,N′-bis(2-phosphonoethyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimide (DPN)) was initially attached to the particles and next the amino acids were bound by using both Zr/P chemistry and 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide/1-hydroxybenzotriazole coupling. In A derivative extensive complexation of Trp with DPN was observed. Photolysis studies showed the presence of excited state reactions on the silica particles, moreover the radical species (DPN^.−, TrpH^.+, Trp^.) remained alive ∼100 times longer on the particle surface than in solution. These studies show that the formation rate of these radicals is a function of the supramolecular structures of the peptide and of the amino acid derivative on the silica particle. This paper was presented in the 5th Brazilian Meeting on Adsorption, held at Natal, Brazil, 18–21 July, 2004.     

Silica Sulfuric Acid as an Efficient Reagent for the Synthesis of Symmetrical Ethers Under Mild and Heterogeneous Conditions

A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of symmetrical ethers using silica sulfuric acid is reported. All reactions are performed under compeletly heterogeneous conditions in good to high yields.